Download or read book OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE USING INORGANIC MEMBRANE REACTORS written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is to study the oxidative coupling of methane in catalytic inorganic membrane reactors. A specific target is to achieve conversion of methane to C2 hydrocarbons at very high selectivity and higher yields than in conventional non-porous, co-feed, fixed bed reactors by controlling the oxygen supply through the membrane. A membrane reactor has the advantage of precisely controlling the rate of delivery of oxygen to the catalyst. This facility permits balancing the rate of oxidation and reduction of the catalyst. In addition, membrane reactors minimize the concentration of gas phase oxygen thus reducing non selective gas phase reactions, which are believed to be a main route for the formation of CO(subscript x) products. Such gas phase reactions are a cause of decreased selectivity in the oxidative coupling of methane in conventional flow reactors. Membrane reactors could also produce higher product yields by providing better distribution of the reactant gases over the catalyst than the conventional plug flow reactors. Membrane reactor technology also offers the potential for modifying the membranes both to improve catalytic properties as well as to regulate the rate of the permeation/diffusion of reactants through the membrane to minimize by-product generation. Other benefits also exist with membrane reactors, such as the mitigation of thermal hot-spots for highly exothermic reactions such as the oxidative coupling of methane. The application of catalytically active inorganic membranes has potential for drastically increasing the yield of reactions which are currently limited by either thermodynamic equilibria, product inhibition, or kinetic selectivity.
Download or read book Inorganic Membrane Reactors written by Xiaoyao Tan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane reactors combine membrane functions such as separation, reactant distribution, and catalyst support with chemical reactions in a single unit. The benefits of this approach include enhanced conversion, increased yield, and selectivity, as well as a more compact and cost-effect design of reactor system. Hence, membrane reactors are an effective route toward chemical process intensification. This book covers all types of porous membrane reactors, including ceramic, silica, carbon, zeolite, and dense metallic reactors such as Pd or Pd-alloy, oxygen ion-conducting, and proton-conducting ceramics. For each type of membrane reactor, the membrane transport principles, membrane fabrication, configuration and operation of membrane reactors, and their current and potential applications are described comprehensively. A summary of the critical issues and hurdles for each membrane reaction process is also provided, with the aim of encouraging successful commercial applications. The audience for Inorganic Membrane Reactors includes advanced students, industrial and academic researchers, and engineers with an interest in membrane reactors.
Download or read book Methane Oxidative Coupling Using Membrane Reactors written by Yaping Lü and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Non oxidative Coupling of Methane for Use in a Hydrogen Transporting Membrane Reactor written by Michael O'Neal Nutt and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxidative Coupling of Methane in a Dense Tubular Ceramic Membrane Reactor with High Yields written by F. T. Akin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Integrated Catalytic Membrane Reactor for Oxidative Coupling of Methane written by Michiel Boeckx and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methane Coupling by Membrane Reactor Quarterly Technical Progress Report March 25 1993 June 24 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this research is to develop and study an inorganic catalytic membrane reactor which will allow the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons at near 100% selectivity and relatively higher conversion, by control of the oxygen supply through the membrane. The reactor setup has been completed. Repairs and purchase of new mass flow control equipment have been undertaken to enable accurate quantitative analysis of gas mixtures using the GC-MS. A four point sub miniature thermocouple assembly has been installed which allows temperature gaskets and seals have been tried to achieve good sealing at reaction temperatures. Gas permeability data have been obtained to monitor the change in porosity of a 20 nm pore size [alpha]-alumina membrane with increasing number of perovskite depositions.
Download or read book Fundamental Studies of the Mechanism of Catalytic Reactions with Catalysts Effective in the Gasification of Carbon Solids and the Oxidative Coupling of Methane Quarterly Report January 1 1995 March 31 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The synthesis of ethane and ethylene from methane and oxygen will be carried out in novel hydrogen transport inorganic membranes and in cyclic reactors in order to prevent undesirable secondary reactions of C2 molecules to CO and CO2. Neither inorganic membrane reactors nor cyclic tubular reactors are presently used in commercial processes. Their application to catalytic reactions represents a novel application of engineering and solid-state chemistry concepts to catalytic reactions. Our approach combines high temperature membrane and cyclic experimental reactors, synthesis and characterization of thin membrane films and of high surface area catalysts, and detailed models of complex gas phase and surface reactions involved in oxidative coupling. We anticipate that this approach will lead to novel reactors for carrying our kinetic-controlled sequential reactions, such as the oxidative coupling of methane. Careful spectrographic and wet chemical analyses of fresh and silent catalysts have shown considerable differences which have permitted conclusions as to the source of deactivation. Our activities in the first quarter FYI 995 have focused on the synthesis, structural characterization, and catalytic evaluation of membrane films, disks, and reactors. We have also continued to exploit reaction-transport models to predict the performance of membrane, cyclic, and recycle reactors in the oxidative coupling of methane.
Download or read book Non porous Hydrogen selective Inorganic Membranes for Methane Conversion to Higher Hydrocarbons written by Eric Chen Lu and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methane Coupling by Membrane Reactor Quarterly Technical Progress Report December 25 1994 March 24 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research efforts during this quarter concentrated on two issues. The first issue is related to the chemistry of oxygen conducting materials that could be used as dense membranes in the membrane reactors. Mixed oxides of La, Sr, Fe, Ce, Yb etc., were synthesized, characterized and studied for their catalytic activity towards the oxidative coupling of methane. Heavy metal oxides of lanthanum, strontium and iron, which form good oxygen conductors, showed very poor methane coupling activity. Perovskites of the Strontium-Cerium-Yitribium series showed moderate activity for methane coupling. These could be potential candidates for dense membrane synthesis, since they also have moderate oxygen conduction properties. The second area of research focus was the development of a radial flow catalytic membrane reactor in which methane coupling was carried out over a catalyst that was deposited inside the pores of a ceramic porous membrane. Catalytic results from the high temperature oxidative coupling of methane in these radial flow membrane reactors are presented in this report. By exploring the reactor performance in membranes of pore diameters of 2.0[mu]m, 0.2[mu]m, and 0.02[mu]m, the effect of the diffusional regime on the methane. coupling activity was demonstrated. The smallest pore diameter membranes exhibited lowest hydrocarbon selectivities.
Download or read book Dense Mixed conducting Ceramic Membrane Reactor for Oxidative Coupling of Methane written by Yongxian Zeng and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methane Coupling by Membrane Reactor Quarterly Technical Progress Report June 25 1995 September 24 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research focus, for the development of a radial flow catalytic membrane reactor for studying methane coupling, concentrated on understanding the effects of pore size, catalyst loading and catalyst distribution inside the membrane, on the hydrocarbon selectivity. The experimental results from the catalytic studies of oxidative coupling of methane in the radial flow membrane reactors are summarized in this report and the reactor performances of three radial flow reactors with pore sizes of 0.02[mu]m are interpreted by the energy dispersive X-ray digital mapping (EDX) technique. A conventional fixed bed catalytic reactor was set up and run under the same conditions as were used for the radial flow reactor studies. Two sources of samarium oxide catalysts were used in these experiments and their performances were compared in terms of C[sub 2] selectivity at same methane conversion. Compared to the monoclinic form of samarium oxide, the catalyst with cubic form was more active and selective for methane oxidative coupling. A general reactor model for oxidation reactions with distributed feed of oxygen and product removal strategies was proposed. Six types of feeding modes were analyzed and their feed distributions were optimized such that the desired product yields at the reactor outlet were maximized.
Download or read book Inorganic Membranes for Separation and Reaction written by H.P. Hsieh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-06-07 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the recent advent of commercial ceramic membranes, inorganic membranes are receiving much attention as unique separators and reactors due to their excellent thermal and chemical stabilities. This volume provides an extensive and integrated survey of the science and technology of inorganic membranes. Various methods for making dense metal and solid electrolyte membranes and porous inorganic membranes with tortuous and nearly straight pores are provided. These inorganic membranes, ranging from ceramics to metals to inorganic polymers, can be characterized by many techniques indicative of their separation performance under idealized as well as application conditions. In addition to many commercial liquid-phase applications, inorganic membranes have been used industrially for gas diffusion and particle filtration and demonstrated for the important high-temperature gas separation and membrane reactor applications. Approximately half of the book is devoted to the subject of inorganic membrane reactors. Useful data in many tables and figures and extensive literature and patent information are given throughout the book for further study. The book is a valuable reference for researchers as well as process engineers who are involved in membrane and separation technology. Chemical engineers, chemists and material scientists should also find the text a comprehensible introduction to the subject.
Download or read book Oxidative Coupling of Methane to Ethylene in Packed Bed Membrane Reactor written by Norhafizah Che May and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Separations written by Anil K. Pabby and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-07-07 with total page 1210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Biotechnological Applications provides detailed information on membrane separation technologies as they have evolved over the past decades. To provide a basic understanding of membrane technology, this book documents the developments dealing with these technologies. It explores chemical, pharmaceutical, food processing and biotechnological applications of membrane processes ranging from selective separation to solvent and material recovery. This text also presents in-depth knowledge of membrane separation mechanisms, transport models, membrane permeability computations, membrane types and modules, as well as membrane reactors.
Download or read book Non oxidative Conversion of Methane with Continuous Hydorgen Removal written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective is to overcome the restrictions of non-oxidative methane pyrolysis and oxidative coupling of methane by transferring hydrogen across a selective inorganic membrane between methane and air streams, without simultaneous transport of hydrocarbon reactants or products. This will make the overall reaction system exothermic, remove the thermodynamic barrier to high conversion, and eliminate the formation of carbon oxides. Our approach is to couple C-H bond activation and hydrogen removal by passage of hydrogen atoms through a dense ceramic membrane. In our membrane reactor, catalytic methane pyrolysis produces C2+ hydrogen carbons and aromatics on the one side of the membrane and hydrogen is removed through an oxide film and combusted with air on the opposite side. This process leads to a net reaction with the stoichiometry and thermodynamic properties of oxidative coupling, but without contact between the carbon atoms and oxygen species.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Inorganic Membrane Science and Technology written by A.J. Burggraaf and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-11-19 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inorganic membrane science and technology is a new field of membrane separation technology which until recently was dominated by the earlier field of polymer membranes. Currently the subject is undergoing rapid development and innovation. The present book describes the fundamental principles of both synthesis of inorganic membranes and membrane supports and also the associated phenomena of transport and separation in a semi-quantitative form. Features of this book: - Examples are given which illustrate the state-of-the-art in the synthesis of membranes with controlled properties - Future possibilities and limitations are discussed - The reader is provided with references to more extended treatments in the literature - Potential areas for future innovation are indicated. By combining aspects of both the science and technology of inorganic membranes this book serves as a useful source of information for scientists and engineers working in this field. It also provides some observations of important investigators who have contributed to the development of this subject.
