Download or read book Optimisation de la chaine logistique des d chets non dangereux written by Quentin Adrien Tonneau and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avec plus de 345 millions de tonnes de déchets produits en France en 2012, la performance de la chaîne logistique de collecte, transport et traitement de ces produits et matériaux est devenue un enjeu économique et écologique majeur dans notre société. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à l'optimisation de la chaîne de collecte et transport des déchets sur le plan tactique et opérationnel. Nous modélisons dans un premier temps un nouveau problème tactique d'optimisation de flux de déchets avec sites de transfert et de traitement sur un horizon mono-périodique puis multi-périodique, afin d'exploiter un réseau logistique existant de manière optimale. Nous résolvons différentes variantes de ce problème linéaire mixte à l'aide d'un solveur. Nous étudions dans un second temps la planification opérationnelle de la collecte de conteneurs d'apport volontaire et des tournées de véhicules associées en résolvant un problème riche de tournées avec gestion de stocks et plateformes de vidage intermédiaires. Nous proposons un modèle d'optimisation de ce nouveau problème et le résolvons par un algorithme à voisinages larges (ALNS) dans un cadre déterministe puis stochastique, dans lequel le remplissage des conteneurs est aléatoire et plus conforme à la réalité. Nous obtenons des résultats compétitifs en évaluant notre approche sur des instances de la littérature proches de notre problème riche. En réalisant un logiciel d'optimisation à destination d'une entreprise de collecte et transport de déchets, nous améliorons également de manière significative les tournées de véhicules en application réelle.

Download or read book Mise en place d une logistique verte written by Jean Noël Ouraga Breka and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cette recherche a pour principal intérêt d'apporter une aide à la décision quant à la mise en place de la logistique verte dans les entreprises agroalimentaires françaises, en utilisant des techniques d'optimisation (technique d'optimisation de l'émission du CO2 d'une plate-forme distributeur vers les sites du client: une application au secteur agroalimentaire français). Nous démontrons que les entreprises sont essentiellement motivées par quatre facteurs qui sont la conformité aux réglementations gouvernementales qui deviennent de plus en plus strictes à l'égard de l'environnement, l'accès au marché qui devient restreint dans le cas où l'entreprise ne prend pas le virage vert, l'amélioration de l'image de l'entreprise et l'obtention d'un avantage concurrentiel. Cependant le manque d'information, les investissements élevés et la non visibilité du retour sur investissement constituent des freins à la mise en place d'une logistique verte. Devant la réticence des entreprises à la mise en place d'une logistique verte, la mutualisation des ressources logistiques est proposée comme un élément de solution permettant la mise en place d'une chaîne logistique verte. Il s'agit d'une construction entre partenaires indépendants des schémas logistiques qui optimisent leurs chaînes d'approvisionnement ou supply chains. Il en résulte une mise en commun de leurs ressources (entrepôts, plates-formes, moyens de transport, etc.) et de leurs systèmes à travers la définition des réseaux logistiques mutualisés. L'évaluation de la performance de cette organisation est réalisée en premier lieu sur le plan environnemental à travers les gains en émissions de CO2 du transport afférant puis économique par les conséquences en coût de ces opérations et la différence avec une optimisation économique. Ce principe de mutualisation est appliqué à un ensemble de petites et moyennes entreprises dans le domaine de l'alimentaire qui servent un même client. Pour démontrer la performance de la mutualisation, la situation actuelle a été comparée à la situation après la mutualisation et ce, à travers une modélisation de l'émission du CO2 .les résultats obtenus montrent que la mutualisation entraîne dans tous les cas une réduction d'émission de CO2 significative et des variations de coûts significatives.

Download or read book Faecal Sludge Management written by Linda Strande and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.

Download or read book For Marx written by Louis Althusser and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2010-11-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the work in which Louis Althusser formulated some of his most influential ideas. For Marx, first published in France in 1968, has come to be regarded as the founding text of the school of “structuralist Marxism” which was presided over by the fascinating and enigmatic figure of Louis Althusser. Structuralism constituted an intellectual revolution in the 1960s and 1970s and radically transformed the way philosophy, political and social theory, history, science, and aesthetics were discussed and thought about. For Marx was a key contribution to that process and it fundamentally recast the way in which many people understood Marx and Marxism. This book contains the classic statements of Althusser’s analysis of the young Marx and the importance of Feuerbach during this formative period, of his thesis of the “epistomological break” between the early and the late Marx, and of his conception of dialectics, contradiction and “overdetermination.” Also included is a study of the materialist theater of Bertolazzi and Brecht and the critique of humanist readings of Marxism. Since his death in 1990, Althusser’s legacy has come under renewed examination and it is increasingly recognized that the influence of his ideas has been wider and deeper than previously thought: reading For Marx, in its audacity, originality and rigor, will explain why this impact was so significant.

Download or read book Taking a Multisectoral One Health Approach A Tripartite Guide to Addressing Zoonotic Diseases in Countries written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-03-11 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2018 FAO-OIE-WHO (Tripartite) zoonoses guide, “Taking A Multisectoral, One Health Approach: A Tripartite Guide to Addressing Zoonotic Diseases in Countries” (2018 TZG) is being jointly developed to provide member countries with practical guidance on OH approaches to build national mechanisms for multisectoral coordination, communication, and collaboration to address zoonotic disease threats at the animal-human-environment interface. The 2018 TZG updates and expands on the guidance in the one previous jointly-developed, zoonoses-specific guidance document: the 2008 Tripartite “Zoonotic Diseases: A Guide to Establishing Collaboration between Animal and Human Health Sectors at the Country Level”, developed in WHO South-East Asia Region and Western Pacific Region. The 2018 TZG supports building by countries of the resilience and capacity to address emerging and endemic zoonotic diseases such as avian influenza, rabies, Ebola, and Rift Valley fever, as well as food-borne diseases and antimicrobial resistance, and to minimize their impacts on health, livelihoods, and economies. It additionally supports country efforts to implement WHO International Health Regulations (2005) and OIE international standards, to address gaps identified through external and internal health system evaluations, and to achieve targets of the Sustainable Development Goals. The 2018 TZG provides relevant country ministries and agencies with lessons learned and good practices identified from country-level experiences in taking OH approaches for preparedness, prevention, detection and response to zoonotic disease threats, and provides guidance on multisectoral communication, coordination, and collaboration. It informs on regional and country-level OH activities and relevant unisectoral and multisectoral tools available for countries to use.

Download or read book Risk Management and Food Safety written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk analysis is widely recognised as the fundamental methodology underlying the development of food safety standards. As recognised in the 1995 consultation, risk analysis is composed of three separate but integrated elements, namely risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. That consultation recognised risk communication as an interactive process of exchange of information and opinion on risk among risk assessors, risk managers, and other interested parties. Risk management is defined within Codex as the process of weighing policy alternatives in the light of the results of risk assessment and, if required, selecting and implementing appropriate control options, including regulatory measures. The outcome of the risk management process, as undertaken by Committees within the Codex Alimentarius system, is the development of standards, guidelines and other recommendations for food safety, m the national situation it is likely that different risk management decisions could be made according to different criteria and different ranges of risk management options. The overall objective of Codex is to ensure consumer protection and to facilitate international trade.

Download or read book How to Design Wastewater Systems for Local Conditions in Developing Countries written by David M. Robbins and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-15 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a practical handbook providing a step-by-step approach to the techniques used for characterizing wastewater sources and investigating sites where collection, treatment and reuse/disposal technologies will be installed. It is intended to help enable local implementation of on-site and decentralized wastewater management system (DWMS)for wide scale use in development settings. How to Design Wastewater Systems for Local Conditions in Developing Countries helps local service providers and regulatory officials make informed decisions through the use of tools, checklists and case studies. It includes a link to a web based community of on-site and decentralized wastewater professionals, which contains related tools and case studies. This handbook serves as a reference for training classes, certification programs, and higher education programs in civil and sanitary engineering. There is an increasing interest on the part of local government officials and private sector service providers to implement wastewater treatment systems to solve sanitation problems. The model presented in this handbook promotes activities that first generate data related to source and site conditions that represent critical inputs, and then applies this information to the technology selection process. Matching the most appropriate technologies to the specific needs of the wastewater project is the key that leads to long term sustainability. How to Design Wastewater Systems for Local Conditions in Developing Countries is an invaluable resource for public sector decision makers and private sector service providers in developing countries. It is also a useful text for students at engineering colleges in developing countries interested in taking a class that teaches the methods of decentralized wastewater management system (DWMS) development.

Download or read book Computers and the Environment Understanding and Managing their Impacts written by R. Kuehr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Personal computers have made life convenient in many ways, but what about their impacts on the environment due to production, use and disposal? Manufacturing computers requires prodigious quantities of fossil fuels, toxic chemicals and water. Rapid improvements in performance mean we often buy a new machine every 1-3 years, which adds up to mountains of waste computers. How should societies respond to manage these environmental impacts? This volume addresses the environmental impacts and management of computers through a set of analyses on issues ranging from environmental assessment, technologies for recycling, consumer behaviour, strategies of computer manufacturing firms, and government policies. One conclusion is that extending the lifespan of computers (e.g. through reselling) is an environmentally and economically effective strategy that deserves more attention from governments, firms and the general public.

Download or read book Fiscal Disobedience written by Janet Roitman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiscal Disobedience represents a novel approach to the question of citizenship amid the changing global economy and the fiscal crisis of the nation-state. Focusing on economic practices in the Chad Basin of Africa, Janet Roitman combines thorough ethnographic fieldwork with sophisticated analysis of key ideas of political economy to examine the contentious nature of fiscal relationships between the state and its citizens. She argues that citizenship is being redefined through a renegotiation of the rights and obligations inherent in such economic relationships. The book centers on a civil disobedience movement that arose in Cameroon beginning in 1990 ostensibly to counter state fiscal authority--a movement dubbed Opération Villes Mortes by the opposition and incivisme fiscal by the government (which for its part was eager to suggest that participants were less than legitimate citizens, failing in their civic duties). Contrary to standard approaches, Roitman examines this conflict as a "productive moment" that, rather than involving the outright rejection of regulatory authority, questioned the intelligibility of its exercise. Although both militarized commercial networks (associated with such activities trading in contraband goods including drugs, ivory, and guns) and highly organized gang-based banditry do challenge state authority, they do not necessarily undermine state power. Contrary to depictions of the African state as "weak" or "failed," this book demonstrates how the state in Africa manages to reconstitute its authority through networks that have emerged in the interstices of the state system. It also shows how those networks partake of the same epistemological grounding as does the state. Indeed, both state and nonstate practices of governing refer to a common "ethic of illegality," which explains how illegal activities are understood as licit or reasonable conduct.

Download or read book 2nd Pan African Symposium on the Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Africa written by Bihini won wa Musiti and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2003 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bilingual publication results from a four-day symposium aimed at capturing the general directions and analytical issues that characterize approaches to sustainable use in Africa. The papers included in this work are organized under four major headings: modes of use, devolution, scale issues and external issues. Authors explore these themes through the use of case studies and the description of specific regional experiences. External issues are further explored in a series of commissioned policy papers which have also been included.

Download or read book Parliamentary Oversight of the Security Sector written by Philipp Fluri and published by DCAF. This book was released on 2003 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Growing Greener Cities in Africa written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2012 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Global Plan of Action addresses new challenges, such as climate change and food insecurity, as well as novel opportunities, including information, communication and molecular methodologies. It contains 18 priority activities organized in four main groups: In situ conservation and management; Ex situ conservation; Sustainable use; and Building sustainable institutional and human capacities.

Download or read book Fisheries Management written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Fao Technical Guidelines for R. This book was released on 2008 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "These guidelines have been produced to supplement as an addition to the FAO Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fisheries no. 4, Suppl. 2 entitled Fisheries management".

Download or read book What is the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The actual Code of conduct is also available (1996) (ISBN 9251038341).

Download or read book Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most women who die from cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries, are in the prime of their life. They may be raising children, caring for their family, and contributing to the social and economic life of their town or village. Their death is both a personal tragedy, and a sad and unnecessary loss to their family and their community. Unnecessary, because there is compelling evidence, as this Guide makes clear, that cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer, as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Unfortunately, the majority of women in developing countries still do not have access to cervical cancer prevention programmes. The consequence is that, often, cervical cancer is not detected until it is too late to be cured. An urgent effort is required if this situation is to be corrected. This Guide is intended to help those responsible for providing services aimed at reducing the burden posed by cervical cancer for women, communities and health systems. It focuses on the knowledge and skills needed by health care providers, at different levels of care.

Download or read book The Politics of Heritage in Africa written by Derek R. Peterson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows African heritage to be a mode of political organisation - where heritage work has a uniquely wide currency.

Download or read book Essays and Surveys in Global Optimization written by Charles Audet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global optimization aims at solving the most general problems of deterministic mathematical programming: to find the global optimum of a nonlinear, nonconvex, multivariate function of continuous and/or integer variables subject to constraints which may be themselves nonlinear and nonconvex. In addition, once the solutions are found, proof of its optimality is also expected from this methodology. Therefore, with these difficulties in mind, global optimization is becoming an increasingly powerful and important methodology. Essays and Surveys in Global Optimization is the most recent examination of its mathematical capability, power, and wide ranging solutions to many fields in the applied sciences.