Download or read book Optics and Optoelectronics of Two dimensional Semiconducting Monolayers and Heterostructures written by Jason Solomon Ross and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently, the physics of truly two-dimensional (2D) excitons could only be explored theoretically. Following the discovery of graphene, many 2D materials were quickly identified and isolated, one system being the semiconducting Group VI-B transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). These semiconductors are the first air-stable materials that are atomically thin (three atomics thick), and yet can be produced in arbitrarily large lateral sheets. They have a direct band gap in which confinement leads to large spatial overlap of electrons and holes resulting in strongly coupled excitonic transitions that dominate light-matter interactions. The direct band-gap of monolayer TMDs occurs at the corners of the hexagonal Brillouin zone, referred to as the K valleys. Entirely unique to these materials, excitons in adjacent K valleys selectively couple to light of opposite circular polarization, i.e. the K (K’) valley is selective to right (left) circularly polarized photons. This property offers the possible realization of novel devices that will manipulate the valley index, known as valleytronics. Further, creating a stacked heterostructure (HS) of two TMD monolayers of different molecular species can exhibit type-II band alignment leading to the first atomically sharp built-in p-n junction and a bright interlayer exciton with long lifetimes. Being flat 2D sheets, it is easy to couple these materials to nearby systems such as microfabricated electrodes and photonic crystal cavities allowing for unique modulation and device schemes. Here, I employ both optical and electronic techniques to study the unique physics of 2D excitons in TMDs as well as demonstrate some of their first optoelectronic and valleytronic devices. The most notable achievement is perhaps the first demonstrations of both atomically thin and 2D heterostructure light emitting diodes and photovoltaic devices. Other breakthroughs include the first demonstration of exciton charging tunability in a 2D system, the first valleytronic demonstration via electrical control of the degree of valley polarization, and resonant excitation investigations of the interlayer exciton’s role in absorption and emission in heterostructures. This work paves the way for future studies of 2D semiconducting systems and utilizing them in important new devices ranging from LEDs to photovoltaics to photonically coupled nanosystems such as a 2D nanolaser.

Download or read book Two Dimensional Semiconductors written by Jingbo Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-26 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-depth overview of two-dimensional semiconductors from theoretical studies, properties to emerging applications! Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted enormous attention due to their exotic properties deriving from their ultrathin dimensions. 2D materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal oxides, black phosphorus and boron nitride, exhibit versatile optical, electronic, catalytic and mechanical properties, thus can be used in a wide range of applications, including electronics, optoelectronics and optical applications. Two-Dimensional Semiconductors: Synthesis, Physical Properties and Applications provides an in-depth view of 2D semiconductors from theoretical studies, properties to applications, taking into account the current state of research and development. It introduces various preparation methods and describes in detail the physical properties of 2D semiconductors including 2D alloys and heterostructures. The covered applications include, but are not limited to, field-effect transistors, spintronics, solar cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diode, sensors and bioelectronics. * Highly topical: 2D materials are a rapidly advancing field that attracts increasing attention * Concise overview: covers theoretical studies, preparation methods, physical properties, potential applications, the challenges and opportunities * Application oriented: focuses on 2D semiconductors that can be used in various applications such as field-effect transistors, solar cells, sensors and bioelectronics * Highly relevant: newcomers as well as experienced researchers in the field of 2D materials will benefit from this book Two-Dimensional Semiconductors: Synthesis, Physical Properties and Applications is written for materials scientists, semiconductor and solid state physicists, electrical engineers, and readers working in the semiconductor industry.

Download or read book Two Dimensional Electronics and Optoelectronics written by Yoke Khin Yap and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Two-Dimensional Electronics and Optoelectronics" that was published in Electronics

Download or read book 2D Materials written by Phaedon Avouris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn about the most recent advances in 2D materials with this comprehensive and accessible text. Providing all the necessary materials science and physics background, leading experts discuss the fundamental properties of a wide range of 2D materials, and their potential applications in electronic, optoelectronic and photonic devices. Several important classes of materials are covered, from more established ones such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides, to new and emerging materials such as black phosphorus, silicene, and germanene. Readers will gain an in-depth understanding of the electronic structure and optical, thermal, mechanical, vibrational, spin and plasmonic properties of each material, as well as the different techniques that can be used for their synthesis. Presenting a unified perspective on 2D materials, this is an excellent resource for graduate students, researchers and practitioners working in nanotechnology, nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, condensed matter physics, and chemistry.

Download or read book Two Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides written by Alexander V. Kolobov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-26 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the current status of theoretical and experimental progress in 2 dimensional graphene-like monolayers and few-layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). Semiconducting monolayer TMDCs, due to the presence of a direct gap, significantly extend the potential of low-dimensional nanomaterials for applications in nanoelectronics and nano-optoelectronics as well as flexible nano-electronics with unprecedented possibilities to control the gap by external stimuli. Strong quantum confinement results in extremely high exciton binding energies which forms an interesting platform for both fundamental studies and device applications. Breaking of spatial inversion symmetry in monolayers results in strong spin-valley coupling potentially leading to their use in valleytronics. Starting with the basic chemistry of transition metals, the reader is introduced to the rich field of transition metal dichalcogenides. After a chapter on three dimensional crystals and a description of top-down and bottom-up fabrication methods of few-layer and single layer structures, the fascinating world of two-dimensional TMDCs structures is presented with their unique atomic, electronic, and magnetic properties. The book covers in detail particular features associated with decreased dimensionality such as stability and phase-transitions in monolayers, the appearance of a direct gap, large binding energy of 2D excitons and trions and their dynamics, Raman scattering associated with decreased dimensionality, extraordinarily strong light-matter interaction, layer-dependent photoluminescence properties, new physics associated with the destruction of the spatial inversion symmetry of the bulk phase, spin-orbit and spin-valley couplings. The book concludes with chapters on engineered heterostructures and device applications such as a monolayer MoS2 transistor. Considering the explosive interest in physics and applications of two-dimensional materials, this book is a valuable source of information for material scientists and engineers working in the field as well as for the graduate students majoring in materials science.

Download or read book 2D Semiconducting Materials for Electronic Photonic and Optoelectronic Devices written by Anuj Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-11-07 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two-dimensional semiconducting materials (2D-SCMs) are the subject of intensive study in the fields of photonics and optoelectronics because of their unusual optical, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The main objective of 2D Semiconducting Materials for Electronic, Photonic, and Optoelectronic Devices is to provide current, state-of-the-art knowledge of two-dimensional semiconducting materials for various applications. Two-dimensional semiconducting materials are the basic building blocks for making photodiodes, light-emitting diodes, light-detecting devices, data storage, telecommunications, and energy-storage devices. When it comes to two-dimensional semiconducting materials, electronic, photonic, and optoelectronic applications, as well as future plans for improving performance, no modern book covers as much ground. The planned book will fill such gaps by offering a comprehensive analysis of two-dimensional semiconducting materials. This book covers a range of advanced 2D materials, their fundamentals, and the chemistry for many emerging applications. All the chapters are covered by experts in these areas around the world, making this a suitable textbook for students and providing new guidelines to researchers and industries. • Covers topics such as fundamentals and advanced knowledge of two-dimensional semiconducting materials • Provides details about the recent methods used for the synthesis, characterization, and applications of two-dimensional semiconducting materials • Covers the state-of-the-art development in two-dimensional semiconducting materials and their emerging applications This book provides directions to students, scientists, and researchers in semiconductors and related disciplines to help them better understand the physics, characteristics, and applications of 2D semiconductors.

Download or read book 2D Materials for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications written by Qiaoliang Bao and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-10-19 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2D Materials for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications introduces readers to two-dimensional materials and their properties (optical, electronic, spin and plasmonic), various methods of synthesis, and possible applications, with a strong focus on novel findings and technological challenges. The two-dimensional materials reviewed include hexagonal boron nitride, silicene, germanene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorous and other novel materials. This book will be ideal for students and researchers in materials science, photonics, electronics, nanotechnology and condensed matter physics and chemistry, providing background for both junior investigators and timely reviews for seasoned researchers. Provides an in-depth look at boron nitride, silicene, germanene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, and more Reviews key applications for photonics and optoelectronics, including photodetectors, optical signal processing, light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics Addresses key technological challenges for the realization of optoelectronic applications and comments on future solutions

Download or read book Two dimensional Semiconducting Materials for Next generation Electronics and Optoelectronics written by Chen Wang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My Ph.D research interest is applying standard micro/nano synthesis, fabrication, and processing equipment to creatively develop next-generation nanoelectronics and nanophotonics devices by employing two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting materials and novel device concepts. In details, TMDs, such as WS2, WSe2, MoS2, MoSe2, represent a large family of layered materials, many of which exhibit tunable band gaps that can transition from an indirect band gap in bulk crystals to direct a band gap in monolayer nanosheets. Besides, the black phosphorus and monolayer phosphorene attracted considerable recent interest as an alternative layered semiconductor expected to exhibit high carrier mobility and layer-number tunable electronic properties. An important feature of these layered materials is the van der Waals interactions between neighboring layers that may allow much more flexible integration of distinct materials without the limitation of lattice mismatch, the similar lattice structure but with distinct properties that enable lateral epitaxial heterogeneous integration, thus opening up vast possibilities to nearly arbitrarily combine and control different properties at the atomic scale. My first research project focused on the FETs performance optimization using WSe2, a new 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) (Nano Lett 15, 709-713 (2015)). By tuning the substrate temperature gradient, carrier gas flow, and relative position of the targeted substrate in a home-made CVD system, I succeeded in producing high quality and large scale WSe2 flake with controllable layer number, single crystal size, and even stacking mode, which in turn achieved exceptional transistors performance with record hole mobility of over 350 cm2V-1s-1 and on/off ratio of above 108. This experience gave me a unique perspective on the optimization of CVD parameters and device contact engineering. Driven by this pioneering study of WSe2, I further developed an in situ source-switch CVD system to synthesize the first atomically thin WSe2/WS2 heterostructure with 1D interface. Based on this specially designed heterostructure, I made the first WSe2/WS2 heterojunction featuring the photovoltaic effect. (Nat. Nanotechnol. 9, 1024 (2014)). My research with this promising material is an important advance in the development of layered semiconductor heterostructures and an essential step towards achieving functional 2D electronics. I also did deep research on the synthesis and electronic properties of the WS2xSe2-2x alloy nanosheets, which realized the full optical response and electronic properties tuning of the two-dimensional material. Additionally, our pioneering method realized the controllable doping of TMDs by the modulation of atomic ratio (Nano Lett. 16, 264 (2016)). Fascinated by 2D materials, I extended this research by developing a novel intercalation method to obtain the monolayer phosphorene molecular superlattice (MPMS), based on black phosphorus (BP), an emerging 2D materials with great electronics application potential. With this creative method, I can now control BP from few-layer down to monolayer without properties degradation, and achieve exceptionally high performance with the MPMS transistors to 107 on/off ratio and a lifetime of 15X than that of BP. I also developed a novel device concept, BP-MPMS heterojunction with typical p+/p++ junction properties.

Download or read book 2D Materials and Van der Waals Heterostructures written by Antonio Di Bartolomeo and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of graphene and, more recently, two-dimensional materials has opened new perspectives in electronics, optoelectronics, energy harvesting, and sensing applications. This book, based on a Special Issue published in Nanomaterials – MDPI covers experimental, simulation, and theoretical research on 2D materials and their van der Waals heterojunctions. The emphasis is the physical properties and the applications of 2D materials in state-of-the-art sensors and electronic or optoelectronic devices.

Download or read book Biomedical Applications of Graphene and 2D Nanomaterials written by Md Nurunnabi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-03-31 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical Applications of Graphene and 2D Nanomaterials provides a much-needed reference on the biomedical applications of 2D nanomaterials, as well as theoretical knowledge on their structure, physicochemical properties and biomedical applications. Chapters are dedicated to growth areas, such as size and shape-dependent chemical and physical properties and applications, such as in diagnostic and therapeutic products. The book also discusses the concept, development and preclinical studies of 2D nanomaterials-based biomedical tools, such as biosensors, artificial organs and photomedicine. Case studies and reports form the core of the book, making it an ideal resource on potential applications in biomedical science and engineering. This timely resource for scientists and engineers in this rapidly advancing field features contributions from over 30 leaders who address advanced methods and strategies for controlling the physical-chemical properties of 2D nanomaterials, along with expert opinions on a range of 2D nanomaterials that have therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Presents advanced methods and strategies for controlling the physical-chemical properties of 2D nanomaterials Provides state-of-the-art biomedical applications for 2D nanomaterials, including graphene and boron nitride Includes key information from a broad selection of subject areas for researchers in both materials, engineering and medicine

Download or read book Van der Waals Heterostructures written by Zheng Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-10-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Van der Waals Heterostructures A comprehensive resource systematically detailing the developments and applications of van der Waals heterostructures and devices Van der Waals Heterostructures is essential reading to understand the developments made in van der Waals heterostructures and devices in all aspects, from basic synthesis to physical analysis and heterostructures assembling to devices applications, including demonstrated applications of van der Waals heterostructure on electronics, optoelectronics, and energy conversion, such as solar energy, hydrogen energy, batteries, catalysts, biotechnology, and more. This book starts from an in-depth introduction of van der Waals interactions in layered materials and the forming of mixed-dimensional heterostructures via van der Waals force. It then comprehensively summarizes the synthetic methods, devices building processes and physical mechanism of 2D van der Waals heterostructures, and devices including 2D-2D electronics, 2D-2D optoelectronics, and mixed dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. In Van der Waals Heterostructures, readers can expect to find specific information on: The current library of 2D semiconductors and the current synthesis and performances of 2D semiconductors Controllable synthesis and assemble van der Waals heterostructures, physics of the van der Waals interface, and multi-field coupling effects 2D-2D electronics, 2D-2D optoelectronics, mixed dimensional van der Waals heterostructures, and van der Waals heterostructure applications on energy conversion Insight into future perspectives of the van der Waals heterostructures and devices with the detailed effective role of 2D materials for integrated electrical and electronic equipment

Download or read book Two Dimensional Materials in Nanophotonics written by Yuerui Lu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous interest since the study of graphene in the early 21st century. With their thickness in the angstrom-to-nanometer range, 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, phosphorene, silicene, and other inorganic and organic materials, can be an ideal platform to study fundamental many-body interactions because of reduced screening and can also be further engineered for nanophotonic applications. This book compiles research outcomes of leading groups in the field of 2D materials for nanophotonic physics and devices. It describes research advances of 2D materials for various nanophotonic applications, including ultrafast lasers, atomically thin optical lenses, and gratings to inelastically manipulate light propagation, their integrations with photonic nanostructures, and light–matter interactions. The book focuses on actual applications, while digging into the physics underneath. It targets advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students of nanotechnology and researchers in nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry, especially those with an interest in 2D materials.

Download or read book Two dimensional Materials for Photodetector written by Pramoda Kumar Nayak and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-04-04 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic thin two-dimensional (2D) materials are the thinnest forms of materials to ever occur in nature and have the potential to dramatically alter and revolutionize our material world. Some of the unique properties of these materials including wide photoresponse wavelength, passivated surfaces, strong interaction with incident light, and high mobility have created tremendous interest in photodetector application. This book provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art knowledge about photodetector technology in the range visible to infrared region using various 2D materials including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, III-V semiconductor, and so on. It consists of 10 chapters contributed by a team of experts in this exciting field. We believe that this book will provide new opportunities and guidance for the development of next-generation 2D photodetector.

Download or read book Optics and Optoelectronics of Atomically Thin Magnets and Semiconductors written by Genevieve Clark and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of graphene, layered van der Waals materials have become one of the most active subjects of study. The array of available atomically thin materials has expanded rapidly beyond graphene, encompassing a wide variety of physical properties ranging from insulators like hexagonal boron-nitride, to semiconductors such as MoS2 and superconductors (ie NbSe2) to name a few. These materials are of significant fundamental interest, since they offer the first opportunity to study physical phenomena in a truly two-dimensional system, while showing layer-dependent emergent properties unavailable in any other class of materials. They also offer a potential answer to the increasing demand for nanostructured materials, as current electronic and magnetic devices approach the nanoscale, and devices based on quantum mechanical phenomena rise to the forefront of emerging technology. Here, I employ optical and optoelectronic characterization to study two different types of 2D materials - few-layer flakes of the layered magnetic insulator CrI3, and monolayer flakes of semiconducting WSe2. The first three chapters of this thesis focus on the isolation, characterization, and control of magnetism in mono- and few-layer flakes of CrI3. Bulk crystals of CrI3 are known to be ferromagnetic insulators with large predicted magnetocrystalline anisotropy, essential in order to stabilize low dimensional magnetic order against thermal fluctuations. Optical characterization of monolayer CrI3 reveals robust ferromagnetic behavior, while bilayer and trilayer flakes show layered antiferromagnetic behavior, with strong intra-layer ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetic inter-layer coupling. Van der Waals heterostructure devices based on bilayer CrI3 flakes allow gate-dependent control of magnetic behavior in bilayer CrI3 flakes. This work demonstrates both the first truly two-dimensional magnetic material and electrostatic control of magnetic phase in bilayer CrI3. In chapter four, I discuss the optical properties of both intrinsic and defect-bound excitons in monolayers of WSe2 scalably grown using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). While the majority of optical studies utilize exfoliated flakes of WSe2, this time-consuming and non-scalable process will limit future studies of this material. I discuss a scalable, direct method of monolayer growth that yields flakes with high optical quality, assessed using low-temperature optical characterization of the intrinsic excitons in this material. I then discuss the discovery of a new type of single photon emitter found in the monolayer flakes, thought to arise from single intrinsic excitons localized to defects within the layers. Finally, these two materials are combined to form spintronic devices based on van der Waals heterostructures of bilayer CrI3 and monolayer WSe2 described in chapter 5.

Download or read book 2D Materials written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2D Materials contains the latest information on the current frontier of nanotechnology, the thinnest form of materials to ever occur in nature. A little over 10 years ago, this was a completely unknown area, not thought to exist. However, since then, graphene has been isolated and acclaimed, and a whole other class of atomically thin materials, dominated by surface effects and showing completely unexpected and extraordinary properties has been created. This book is ideal for a variety of readers, including those seeking a high-level overview or a very detailed and critical analysis. No nanotechnologist can currently overlook this new class of materials. Presents one of the first detailed books on this subject of nanotechnology Contains contributions from a great line-up of authoritative contributors that bring together theory and experiments Ideal for a variety of readers, including those seeking a high-level overview or a very detailed and critical analysis

Download or read book Two Dimensional Electronics Prospects and Challenges written by Frank Schwierz and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Two-Dimensional Electronics - Prospects and Challenges" that was published in Electronics

Download or read book Frontiers in Optics and Photonics written by Federico Capasso and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 783 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a cutting-edge research overview on the latest developments in the field of Optics and Photonics. All chapters are authored by the pioneers in their field and will cover the developments in Quantum Photonics, Optical properties of 2D Materials, Optical Sensors, Organic Opto-electronics, Nanophotonics, Metamaterials, Plasmonics, Quantum Cascade lasers, LEDs, Biophotonics and biomedical photonics and spectroscopy.