Download or read book Nuclear Risk in Central Asia written by Brit Salbu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-04 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a significant number of nuclear and radiological sources in Central Asia, which have contributed, are still contributing, or have the potential to contribute to radioactive contamination in the future. Key sources and contaminated sites of concern are: The nuclear weapons tests performed at the Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS) in Kazakhstan during 1949–1989. A total of 456 nuclear weapons tests have been perf- med in the atmosphere (86), above and at ground surface (30) and underground (340) accompanied by radioactive plumes reaching far out of the test site. Safety trials at STS, where radioactive sources were spread by conventional explosives. Peaceful nuclear explosions (PNEs) within STS and outside STS in Kazakhstan, producing crater lakes (e.g., Tel’kem I and Tel’kem II), waste storage facilities (e.g., LIRA) etc. Technologically enhanced levels of naturally occurring radionuclides (TENORM) due to U mining and tailing. As a legacy of the cold war and the nuclear weapon p- gramme in the former USSR, thousands of square kilometers in the Central Asia co- tries are contaminated. Large amounts of scale from the oil and gas industries contain sufficient amounts of TENORM. Nuclear reactors, to be decommissioned or still in operation. Storage of spent nuclear fuel and other radioactive wastes. In the characterization of nuclear risks, the risks are estimated by integrating the results of the hazard identification, the effects assessment and the exposure assessment.
Download or read book Nuclear Risk Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tracing the Atom written by Susanne Bauer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-03 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about nuclear legacies in Russia and Central Asia, focusing on selected sites of the Soviet atomic program, many of which have remained understudied. Nuclear operations, for energy or military purposes, demanded a vast infrastructure of production and supply chains that have transformed entire regions. In following the material traces of the atomic programs, contributors pay particular attention to memory practices and memorialization concerning nuclear legacies. Tracing the Atom foregrounds historical and contemporary engagements with nuclear politics: how have institutions and governments responded to the legacies of the atomic era? How do communities and artists articulate concerns over radioactive matters? What was the role of radiation expertise in a broader Soviet and international context of the Cold War? Examining nuclear legacies together with past atomic futures and post-Soviet memorialization and nuclear heritage shines light on how modes of knowing intersect with livelihoods, compensation policies, and historiography. Bringing together a range of disciplines – history, science and technology studies, social anthropology, literary studies, and art history – this volume offers insights that broaden our understanding of twentieth-century atomic programs and their long aftermaths.
Download or read book Covid 19 and the Prospect of Biological and Nuclear Terrorism in Afghanistan and Central Asia written by Mūsá K̲h̲ān Jalālzaʼī and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Geopolitical tension has significantly increased the risk of nuclear terrorism. Russia has modernised its arsenals and weapons. Notwithstanding the signing of New START Agreement between the US and Russia (03 February 2021), Pentagon and White House still follow confrontational policy towards Russia. Current disagreements and noncooperation on nuclear treaties are undermining what has been an understructure of coordination between the two states for nearly 50 years. On 03 February 2021, a Four Stars US General warned that there was a 'real possibility' the United States could end up in a nuclear conflict with China or Russia. Adm. Charles Richard, the head of US Strategic Commond (STRATCOM) issued this stark warning in his article published in the US Naval Institute. President of the United States, Joe Biden guaranteed security of his country by restoring US leadership on arms control. The Biden administration [faces] three national security challenges--the COVID-19, Climate Change and Nuclear Terrorism. He needs to adopt a balanced policy towards Russia spick and span to normalise a friendly relationship and defeat radicalization, and extremism in Central Asia."--Page 4 of cover.
Download or read book The Security Foreign Policy and International Relationship of Kazakhstan After Independence written by Murat Turarovich Laumulin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Instability in Asia written by Canadian Institute of Strategic Studies and published by Spotlight Poets. This book was released on 2003 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Central Asia Security and Strategic Imperatives written by Tabassum Firdous and published by Gyan Publishing House. This book was released on 2002 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study offers an assessment of security concerns in Central Asia after the collapse of Soviet Union in 1991. It deals with the transition period for the five Central Asian States from the communist system to a democratic and pluralistic one. Essentially, the focus of the writer is on bilateral, multilateral and international commitments of these States to ensure peace and security in the region. The withdrawal of nuclear warheads from Kazakhstan, collective security formula, bilateral agreements and the role of the big powers all make an interesting study. The author has discussed these concerns in the context of the stance of neighbouring States vis-a-vis Central Asia. Economic interests also figure wherever necessary. This work is highly useful to those who would like to concentrate on any aspect of history in Central Asia and adjoining regions in the post-Soviet period.
Download or read book Covid 19 and the Prospect of Biological and Nuclear Terrorism in Afghanistan and Central Asia written by Musa Khan Jalalzai and published by . This book was released on 2021-05 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geopolitical tension has significantly increased the risk of nuclear terrorism. Russia has modernized its arsenals and weapons. Notwithstanding the signing of NewSTART Agreement between the US and Russia (03 February 2021), the Pentagon and the White House still follow confrontational policy towards Russia. Current disagreements and noncooperation on nuclear treaties are undermining what has been an understructure of coordination between the two states for nearly 50 years. On 03 February 2021, a Four Star US General warned that there was a "real possibility" the United States could end up in a nuclear conflict with China or Russia. Adm. Charles Richard, the head of US Strategic Command (STRATCOM), issued this stark warning in his article published in the US Naval Institute. President of the United States, Joe Biden guaranteed the security of his country by restoring US leadership on arms control. The Biden administration reventmenting three national security challenges-the COVID-19, Climate Change and Nuclear Terrorism. He needs to adopt a balanced policy towards Russia spick and span to normalise a friendly relationship and defeat radicalization, and extremism in Central Asia
Download or read book National Independence and Nonproliferation in the New States of Central Asia written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five independent states emerged in Central Asia from the breakup of the USSR. One of these states, Kazakhstan, possesses nuclear weapons. The other four of these states, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, are not known to possess nuclear weapons, however they occupy a geostrategic position which makes them important to non-proliferation efforts. The present report profiles the capabilities and intentions of these four Central Asian states. The analysis of capabilities suggests that none of these states has the capability to develop a usable nuclear weapon. However, all of these countries-- especially Uzbekistan--have components of the old Soviet nuclear weapons complex which are now orphans. They have no use for these facilities and must either re-profile them, destroy them, or transfer them. The analysis of intentions suggests that the dynamics of national independence have created a situation in which Uzbekistan has hegemonic designs in the region. Implications for retarding nuclear proliferation in the Central Asian region are examined. Opportunities for outside influence are assessed.
Download or read book Nuclear Risk Reduction in South Asia written by Michael Krepon and published by Palgrave MacMillan. This book was released on 2004 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essys in this collection explore and analyze how to reduce the risk of nuclear war in South Asia. Contributors work to introduce the theory and methodology of nuclear risk reduction, to provide specific measures that might work best in the region, and to consider the consequences of missile defense options for stability in Asia. Much work is needed to recduce nuclear dangers between India and Pakistan. While the fact that both countries possess nuclear weapons may prevent a full-blown conventional or nuclear war, the presence of these weapons in the region may also encourage the use of violence at lower levels expecting escalation to be contained by a mutual desire to avoid the nuclear threshold. One only needs to look at the Kashmir conflict for confirmation of this paradox, with serious crises coming more frequently with more severity since the nuclear tests of 1998. Sustained efforts along the line suggested by the contributors of this volume are a crucial step toward reducing nuclear risk on the Subcontinent.
Download or read book International Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Four Faces of Nuclear Terrorism written by Charles D. Ferguson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Four Faces of Nuclear Terrorism, a new book from the Center for Nonproliferation Studies, assesses the motivations and capabilities of terrorist organizations to acquire and use nuclear weapons, to fabricate and and detonate crude nuclear explosives, to strike nuclear power plants and other nuclear facilities, and to build and employ radiological weapons or "dirty bombs."
Download or read book Central Asian Security written by Roy Allison and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-05-13 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first comprehensive scholarly analysis of the strategic reconfiguration of Central Asia as Russia has become more disengaged from the nations in the region and as these nations have developed new relations to the south, east, and west. The international implications are enormous because of the rich energy sources—oil and natural gas—located in the Caspian Sea area. The authors assess a variety of internal security policy challenges confronting these states—for example, the potential for conflict arising from such factors as a mixed ethnic population, resource scarcity, particularly in relation to water management, and an Islamic revival. They also examine the security policy content of relations between the Central Asian states and regional and international powers—specifically the stakes, interests, and policies of Russia, China, Iran, Turkey, and the United States. These internal challenges and the evolution of relations with external powers may result in new cooperative relationships, but they may also lead to destabilizing rivalry and interstate enmity in Central Asia. It is important to identify new patterns of relevance for future security cooperation in the region, but the potential for a new security system or for new institutions to manage security in the region remains uncertain. These issues are explored by a team of prominent specialists from Western Europe, the United States, Russia and China.
Download or read book Central Asia A New Great Game written by Dianne L. Smith and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2022 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments written by Moeed Yusuf and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the gravest issues facing the global community today is the threat of nuclear war. As a growing number of nations gain nuclear capabilities, the odds of nuclear conflict increase. Yet nuclear deterrence strategies remain rooted in Cold War models that do not take into account regional conflict. Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments offers an innovative theory of brokered bargaining to better understand and solve regional crises. As the world has moved away from the binational relationships that defined Cold War conflict while nuclear weapons have continued to proliferate, new types of nuclear threats have arisen. Moeed Yusuf proposes a unique approach to deterrence that takes these changing factors into account. Drawing on the history of conflict between India and Pakistan, Yusuf describes the potential for third-party intervention to avert nuclear war. This book lays out the ways regional powers behave and maneuver in response to the pressures of strong global powers. Moving beyond debates surrounding the widely accepted rational deterrence model, Yusuf offers an original perspective rooted in thoughtful analysis of recent regional nuclear conflicts. With depth and insight, Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments urges the international community to rethink its approach to nuclear deterrence.
Download or read book Nuclear Logics written by Etel Solingen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Logics examines why some states seek nuclear weapons while others renounce them. Looking closely at nine cases in East Asia and the Middle East, Etel Solingen finds two distinct regional patterns. In East Asia, the norm since the late 1960s has been to forswear nuclear weapons, and North Korea, which makes no secret of its nuclear ambitions, is the anomaly. In the Middle East the opposite is the case, with Iran, Iraq, Israel, and Libya suspected of pursuing nuclear-weapons capabilities, with Egypt as the anomaly in recent decades. Identifying the domestic conditions underlying these divergent paths, Solingen argues that there are clear differences between states whose leaders advocate integration in the global economy and those that reject it. Among the former are countries like South Korea, Taiwan, and Japan, whose leaders have had stronger incentives to avoid the political, economic, and other costs of acquiring nuclear weapons. The latter, as in most cases in the Middle East, have had stronger incentives to exploit nuclear weapons as tools in nationalist platforms geared to helping their leaders survive in power. Solingen complements her bold argument with other logics explaining nuclear behavior, including security dilemmas, international norms and institutions, and the role of democracy and authoritarianism. Her account charts the most important frontier in understanding nuclear proliferation: grasping the relationship between internal and external political survival. Nuclear Logics is a pioneering book that is certain to provide an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, and practitioners while reframing the policy debate surrounding nonproliferation.
Download or read book Japan s Nuclear Future written by Selig S. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SCOTT (Copy 1): From the John Holmes Library Collection
