Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Choroid Fissure Closure and Ventral Retina Formation in the Zebrafish Eye written by Jiwoon Lee and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During optic cup morphogenesis, the neuroectodermal layers of the optic vesicle (OV) invaginate ventrally, and fuse at the choroid fissure (CF) along the proximo-distal axis such that the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are confined within the cup. Failure of CF closure results in colobomas, which are characterized by the persistence of a cleft or hole at the back of the eye. While CF closure is a critical aspect of ocular development, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this process are poorly understood. My research examined CF closure and colobomas using zebrafish as a model system. In the first study, I determined that early cell fate changes within the eye field could cause colobomas using the zebrafish mutant blowout. Colobomas in blowout resulted from defects in optic stalk morphogenesis whereby the optic stalk extended into the retina and impeded the edges of the CF from meeting and fusing. Positional cloning of blowout identified a nonsense mutation in patched1, a negative regulator of the Hedgehog pathway. Up-regulation of Hedgehog pathway activity causes disruption in the patterning of the OV into proximal and distal territories, revealing that cell fate determination, mediated by Hedgehog signaling, is intimately involved in regulating CF closure. In the second study, I examined Bcl6 function and regulation during zebrafish eye development. bcl6 encodes a transcriptional repressor expressed in the ventral retina during zebrafish eye development. Loss of Bcl6 function leads to colobomas along with up-regulation of p53, a previously known Bcl6 target, and an increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the retina, demonstrating that Bcl6 plays a critical role in preventing apoptosis in the retina during early eye development. I also showed that Vax1 and Vax2 act upstream of bcl6 in the ventral retina. Furthermore, I identified functional interactions between Bcl6, Bcor and Hdac1 during eye development, demonstrating that Bcl6 functions along with Bcor and Hdac1 to mediate cell survival by regulating p53 expression. Together my studies expand the gene regulatory network involved in cell fate determination and cell survival during CF closure and ventral retina formation, and provide mechanistic insight into coloboma formation.
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Optic Fissure Fusion During Zebrafish Eye Development written by Megan Weaver and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular mechanisms in ocular development and disease written by Rajalekshmy Shyam and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-04 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Wiley Handbook of Evolutionary Neuroscience written by Stephen V. Shepherd and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-30 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and authoritative, The Wiley Handbook of Evolutionary Neuroscience unifies the diverse strands of an interdisciplinary field exploring the evolution of brains and cognition. A comprehensive reference that unifies the diverse interests and approaches associated with the neuroscientific study of brain evolution and the emergence of cognition Tackles some of the biggest questions in neuroscience including what brains are for, what factors constrain their biological development, and how they evolve and interact Provides a broad and balanced view of the subject, reviewing both vertebrate and invertebrate anatomy and emphasizing their shared origins and mechanisms Features contributions from highly respected scholars in their fields
Download or read book Cellular Mechanisms during Normal and Abnormal Craniofacial Development written by Poongodi Geetha-Loganathan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pediatric Retina written by James D. Reynolds and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pediatric retinal diseases are not simply retinal diseases that occur in children; rather, they are unique disorders that often are not found in adults. This textbook of the pediatric retina offers in-depth guidance on congenital and acquired diseases of the retina in the pediatric population. It is organized according to disease onset and timing, as well as anatomy. All chapters are written by leading authorities in the field from both the pediatric and the retinal perspective. A multidisciplinary approach to the topic is adopted, and critical information is included on disease classification and diagnosis, pathophysiology, genetics, complications, and prognosis. Pediatric Retina will be a useful source of information for pediatric ophthalmologists, retina specialists, and other eye care providers who care for children.
Download or read book Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease written by Alexa Karina Klettner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a contemporary resource on one of the major players in retinal diseases – the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). Throughout the book, the physiological and the pathological function of the RPE are covered on equal terms, to help readers to understand the RPE as a whole. Moreover, the development of RPE in diagnostics and therapy are covered, as well as some practical knowledge about RPE experimental models. Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease highlights new findings of RPE research and includes the state-of-the-art knowledge of each RPE topic presented. This important feature sets this book apart from other publications, with the chapters following a design which leads from the general to the specific, to give a precise collection of the facts known. The chapters are written by well-known experts that are currently active in the field as consultants, basic scientists, and group leaders, providing expert guidance on the current aspects and future outlooks of this topic.
Download or read book Vertebrate Photoreceptors written by Takahisa Furukawa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a series of comprehensive views on various important aspects of vertebrate photoreceptors. The vertebrate retina is a tissue that provides unique experimental advantages to neuroscientists. Photoreceptor neurons are abundant in this tissue and they are readily identifiable and easily isolated. These features make them an outstanding model for studying neuronal mechanisms of signal transduction, adaptation, synaptic transmission, development, differentiation, diseases and regeneration. Thanks to recent advances in genetic analysis, it also is possible to link biochemical and physiological investigations to understand the molecular mechanisms of vertebrate photoreceptors within a functioning retina in a living animal. Photoreceptors are the most deeply studied sensory receptor cells, but readers will find that many important questions remain. We still do not know how photoreceptors, visual pigments and their signaling pathways evolved, how they were generated and how they are maintained. This book will make clear what is known and what is not known. The chapters are selected from fields of studies that have contributed to a broad understanding of the birth, development, structure, function and death of photoreceptor neurons. The underlying common word in all of the chapters that is used to describe these mechanisms is “molecule”. Only with this word can we understand how these highly specific neurons function and survive. It is challenging for even the foremost researchers to cover all aspects of the subject. Understanding photoreceptors from several different points of view that share a molecular perspective will provide readers with a useful interdisciplinary perspective.
Download or read book Animal Models in Eye Research written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eye is a complex sensory organ, which enables visual perception of the world. Thus the eye has several tissues that do different tasks. One of the most basic aspects of eye function is the sensitivity of cells to light and its transduction though the optic nerve to the brain. Different organisms use different ways to achieve these tasks. In this sense, eye function becomes a very important evolutionary aspect as well. This book presents the different animal models that are commonly used for eye research and their uniqueness in evaluating different aspects of eye development, evolution, physiology and disease. - Presents information on the major animal models used in eye research including invertebrates and vertebrates - Provides researchers with information needed to choose between model organisms - Includes an introductory chapter on the different types of eyes, stressing possible common molecular machinery
Download or read book Cell and Tissue Interactions written by James W. Lash and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pediatric Cataract written by Siddharth Agrawal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-12 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers all clinical aspects of pediatric cataract surgery. Chapters cover basic sciences, etiology, pre-operative evaluation, choice of intraocular lenses, steps of surgery, complications, considerations in traumatic cataract and post-operative rehabilitation. It includes photographs, diagrams, flow charts and tables for easy memorization and understanding. Multiple choice questions at the end of each chapter help to evaluate the understanding and reinforce important concepts. The book aims to encourage ophthalmic surgeons to successfully treat children with cataract as all of them perform adult cataract surgeries but usually avoid managing pediatric cases. This hesitation is primarily due to exhaustive pre-operative evaluation and long term follow up. As a result the back log of this disease in the developing world is significant and many such children are unable to receive timely intervention during their crucial period of visual development. The chapters primarily focus on the clinically relevant issues to keep the reader interested. The book includes contributions from some of the most talented and experienced pediatric cataract surgeons. The book is relevant for ophthalmologists not commonly practicing pediatric cataract surgery and post graduate students.
Download or read book Lee s Ophthalmic Histopathology written by Fiona Roberts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and updated third edition of Lee’s Ophthalmic Histopathology, this well-illustrated and practically-oriented text has retained its general layout and style and division into specimen-based chapters. The visual image remains key to explaining the pathological processes - facilitated by full colour photography throughout the text. The text and illustrations are also provided as a searchable CD-ROM. The book emphasizes pertinent recent advances, particularly in the molecular basis of disease and in the diagnosis and classification of tumours. including improvements in immunohistochemistry and cytogenetic and molecular biological studies. This book is an invaluable source of reference for ophthalmic pathologists, general pathologists and ophthalmologists.
Download or read book Brain Architecture Understanding the Basic Plan written by and Director NIBS Neuroscience Program University of Southern California Larry W. Swanson Milo Don and Lucille Appleman Professor of Biological Sciences and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2002-10-23 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depending on your point of view the brain is an organ, a machine, a biological computer, or simply the most important component of the nervous system. How does it work as a whole? What are its major parts and how are they interconnected to generate thinking, feelings, and behavior? This book surveys 2,500 years of scientific thinking about these profoundly important questions from the perspective of fundamental architectural principles, and then proposes a new model for the basic plan of neural systems organization based on an explosion of structural data emerging from the neuroanatomy revolution of the 1970's. The importance of a balance between theoretical and experimental morphology is stressed throughout the book. Great advances in understanding the brain's basic plan have come especially from two traditional lines of biological thought-- evolution and embryology, because each begins with the simple and progresses to the more complex. Understanding the organization of brain circuits, which contain thousands of links or pathways, is much more difficult. It is argued here that a four-system network model can explain the structure-function organization of the brain. Possible relationships between neural networks and gene networks revealed by the human genome project are explored in the final chapter. The book is written in clear and sparkling prose, and it is profusely illustrated. It is designed to be read by anyone with an interest in the basic organization of the brain, from neuroscience to philosophy to computer science to molecular biology. It is suitable for use in neuroscience core courses because it presents basic principles of the structure of the nervous system in a systematic way.
Download or read book The Sclera and Systemic Disorders written by Peter G Watson and published by JP Medical Ltd. This book was released on 2012-04-11 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book guides ophthalmologists through interpretation of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images, which are cross-sectional images captured through non-invasive, non-contact imaging technology. Begins with analysis of the subdivides of each image into its smallest components, followed by a combination of these fine details to allow diagnosis and identification of appropriate treatment; features detailed schematic illustrations as well as actual scans, and offers information on technical and clinical uses of OCT in study of glaucoma and 3D images. Full of high-quality images, this is a must-have for all practicing and training ophthalmologists and optometrists.
Download or read book The Eye in Pediatric Systemic Disease written by Alex V. Levin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-20 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first of its kind to describe ocular manifestations of systemic diseases in the pediatric population. Written and edited by experts in areas of pediatric ophthalmology and genetics, this new text covers a multitude of topics in a comprehensive and cataloged fashion. The Eye in Pediatric Systemic Disease is designed as an in-depth and up-to-date reference work that is heavily referenced, thus allowing the reader ready access to the international supporting literature. Everything from ocular manifestations of hematologic disease, child abuse, psychiatric diseases, renal disorders, and vitamin disorders are covered, allowing readers to know what to look for in the eyes of children with a given systemic disorder. The Eye in Pediatric Systemic Disease is written in language that is accessible to ophthalmologists and pediatricians, as well as allied health care professionals.
Download or read book Clinical Neuroembryology written by Hans J. ten Donkelaar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-07 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in developmental neurobiology and advances in (neuro) genetics have been spectacular. The high resolution of modern imaging techniques applicable to developmental disorders of the human brain and spinal cord have created a novel insight into the developmental history of the central nervous system (CNS). This book provides a comprehensive overview of the development of the human CNS in the context of its many developmental disorders. It provides a unique combination of data from human embryology, animal research and developmental neuropathology, and there are more than 400 figures in over a hundred separate illustrations.
Download or read book Developmental Biology of Teleost Fishes written by Yvette Kunz-Ramsay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the compiling of this book, the vast literature dealing with the descriptive morphology, histology and cytology of teleost development has been combed and integrated. The book is divided into 21 chapters, starting with the egg and embryonic development up to hatching. This is followed by a description of ectodermal, mesodermal and entodermal derivatives and the development of various organs. The subject index, species index and the abundant illustrations add extra value to this long awaited book. Developmental Biology of Teleost Fishes will be a valuable tool for scientists and students in the fields of biology, developmental biology, molecular biology and fish biology.
