Download or read book Measles Virus microform Immunoprecipitation and Monoclonal Antibody Production written by David John Paul Rafter and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antisera to the membrane (M) protein and to the nucleoprotein (NP) of measles virus, were prepared in rabbits. Each of the antisera was characterized by the immunoprecipitation technique and found to be monospecific. These monospecific antisera were used to determine, by indirect immunofluorescence, the cellular location of M-protein and NP during infection. The antiserum to M-protein stained the cytoplasm of Vero cells. The NP antiserum stained both the cytoplasm and nucleus. The NP was found to undergo breakdown in infected cells. This breakdown could be inhibited by aprotinin, a protease inhibitor specific for trypsin and chymotrypsin. As no protease function has been identified for the proteins of measles virus, it is believed that the proteolysis is a cellular function. The significance of proteolytic breakdown in the assembly of measles virus is discussed. Persons who receive inactivated measles vaccine and are subsequently exposed to wild type virus may experience atypical measles. It has been postulated that these individuals are susceptible to atypical measles because the inactivated vaccine fails to induce antibodies to the F-protein as detected by hemolysis-inhibition. Matched (acute and convalescent) serum samples were analyzed by the immunoprecipitation technique. Sera taken during the acute stage of the disease did not precipitate radiolabelled F-protein. Convalescent sera, which had been collected three weeks later, did precipitate the F-protein. The absence of antibodies to F confirms the earlier work obtained by hemolysis inhibition tests. These findings support the concept that atypical measles is the result of an absence of antibodies to F-protein. Once it was recognized that atypical measles appeared following the use of inactivated vaccines, an attenuated virus vaccine was introduced for widespread immunization programs. This vaccine was also used in "catch up" programs to reimmunize individuals who had previously received "killed" vaccine. The value of this "catch up" program was analyzed using matched serum samples obtained from children previously immunized with inactivated virus vaccine, who volunteered for reimmunization with the attenuated vaccine. Since in no case was reimmunization found to result in conversion to the production of antibody to F-protein, the attempt to irradicate atypical measles by this procedure should be re-evaluated. The monoclonal antibody technique was employed to obtain a series of monospecific antibodies to the measles virus proteins. In initial experiments 17 clones secreting antibody to the measles Lee strain were obtained. Of these, two clones have been established as stable cell lines. Both of these clones secrete antibody specific for the NP of the virus.
Download or read book Animal Cell Culture Techniques written by Martin Clynes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell culture techniques allow a variety of molecular and cell biological questions to be addressed, offering physiological conditions whilst avoiding the use of laboratory animals. In addition to basic techniques, a wide range of specialised practical protocols covering the following areas are included: cell proliferation and death, in-vitro models for cell differentiation, in-vitro models for toxicology and pharmacology, industrial application of animal cell culture, genetic manipulation and analysis of human and animal cells in culture.
Download or read book Tissue Culture written by Paul F. Jr. Kruse and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 897 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue Culture: Methods and Applications presents an overview of the procedures for working with cells in culture and for using them in a wide variety of scientific disciplines. The book discusses primary tissue dissociation; the preparation of primary cultures; cell harvesting; and replicate culture methods. The text also describes protocols on single cell isolations and cloning; perfusion and mass culture techniques; cell propagation on miscellaneous culture supports; and the evaluation of culture dynamics. The recent techniques facilitating microscopic observation of cells; cell hybridization; and virus propagation and assay are also encompassed. The book further tackles the production of hormones and intercellular substances; the diagnosis and understanding of disease; as well as quality control measures. Scientists and professionals interested in methodology per se will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Gaba written by Chikako Tanaka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the current developments and future directions in GABA research, the ambitious aim of this topical volume is to cover GABA from the molecular mechanisms of its transmission to new targets for pharmaceutical research. Distinguished scientists at the forefront of GABA research were invited to contribute reviews on glutamate decarboxylase and autoimmunity, molecular structure and functional regulation of GABA transporters, transmitter release and GABA receptor regulation, GABA receptor subtypes and functional regulation, and GABA receptor ligands and their therapeutic application. Describing the latest advances in what has become a rapidly-evolving field, this volume will prove immensely valuable to neuroscientists, pharmacologists, biochemists, and physiologists working in the field of GABA research.
Download or read book Challenges and Opportunities for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines written by Larry J. Anderson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-01-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been a high priority for vaccine development for over 50 years now, still no vaccine is available and none has yet demonstrated sufficient promise to move to licensure. The success of RSV immune prophylaxis and the availability of ever more powerful tools to study the immune response and pathogenesis of disease, combined with the ability to construct a wide variety of vaccines using different vaccine platforms, give us grounds to believe that an RSV vaccine is within reach. This book brings together in one source what is currently known about the virus: its clinical and epidemiologic features; the host response and pathogenesis of the disease; vaccines, vaccine platforms, and treatment; and animal and tissue culture models of RSV infection. It is designed to organize the critical information relevant to RSV vaccine development, facilitate the assimilation of data, and speed progress toward producing a safe and effective vaccine.
Download or read book Principles of Immunopharmacology written by Frans P. Nijkamp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a unique support in gaining essential knowledge on the immune response, its diagnosis and its modification by drugs and chemicals. The first section of the book, covering a basic introduction to immunology and its relevance for human disease, has been updated to accommodate new immunological concepts. The second section on immunodiagnostics has been further expanded to describe widely used molecular techniques and is followed by a systematic coverage of drugs affecting the immune system, revised to cover recent developments. The book concludes with a chapter on immunotoxicology. This third edition continues the unique format dealing with four related topics in a single volume, obviating the need to refer to several different textbooks. New aids to the reader include a two-column format, glossaries of technical terms and appendix reference tables. The emphasis on illustrations is maintained from the first edition.
Download or read book Advances in Diagnosis and Management of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions written by Neil H. Shear and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-19 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This resource guides prescribers, pharmacists, and regulators with an update on the recent expansion of basic and clinical knowledge that forms a framework for understanding cutaneous reactions. This understanding will lead, in turn, to better outcomes and decisions in treatment and management, both in the clinic and in the life cycle of drug development. The skin is a common target for adverse drug events and even mild rashes can be part of life-threatening syndromes. Patients and practitioners often face important decisions about therapy after a drug eruption, including treatment, cross-reactivity with future pharmaceuticals, genetic considerations and dealing with long-term sequelae after a reaction. An international team of experts and leaders in the field share their story and insights into the scientific details and relevant clinical context.
Download or read book Biotechnology Prospects and Applications written by R.K. Salar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-06 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology: Prospects and Applications covers the review of recent developments in biotechnology and international authorship presents global issues that help in our understanding of the role of biotechnology in solving important scientific and societal problems for the benefit of mankind and environment. A balanced coverage of basic molecular biology and practical applications, relevant examples, colored illustrations, and contemporary applications of biotechnology provide students and researchers with the tools and basic knowledge of biotechnology. In our effort to introduce students and researchers to cutting edge techniques and applications of biotechnology, we dedicated specific chapters to such emerging areas of biotechnology as Emerging Dynamics of Brassinosteroids Research, Third generation green energy, Bioremediation, Metal Organic Frameworks: New smart materials for biological application, Bioherbicides, Biosensors, Fetal Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Animal forensics. Biotechnology: Prospects and Applications will be highly useful for students, teachers and researchers in all disciplines of life sciences, agricultural sciences, medicine, and biotechnology in universities, research stations and biotechnology companies. The book features broader aspects of the role of biotechnology in human endeavor. It also presents an overview of prospects and applications while emphasizing modern, cutting-edge, and emerging areas of biotechnology. Further, it provides the readers with a comprehensive knowledge of topics in food and agricultural biotechnology, microbial biotechnology, environmental biotechnology and animal biotechnology. The chapters have been written with special reference to the latest developments in above broader areas of biotechnology that impact the biotechnology industry. A list of references at the end of each chapter is provided for the readers to learn more about a particular topic. Typically, these references include basic research, research papers, review articles and articles from the popular literature.
Download or read book Meningitis and Encephalitis written by Rodrigo Hasbun and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meningitis and Encephalitis are associated with high rates of mortality and neurological sequelae. The differential diagnosis includes a wide spectrum of infectious and non-infectious etiologies, some requiring urgent therapy for survival. The current management challenges in patients with meningitis and encephalitis include a low sensitivity of meningeal signs, overutilization of unnecessary screening cranial imaging, delays in diagnosis of urgent treatable causes, a large proportion of unknown etiologies, low sensitivity of current microbiological techniques especially in the setting of previous antibiotic therapy, underutilization of available molecular diagnostic tests, and empiric antibiotic therapy and hospitalization for viral meningitis cases. Even though there are published guidelines, compliance with them is not optimal and physicians do not follow standardized algorithms in their empirical approach. As meningitis and encephalitis is associated with high rates of adverse clinical outcomes, prevention, when feasible is of upmost importance. Adherence to protocols to prevent health-care associated meningitis and ventriculitis are effective but compliance with them is not uniformly performed. This book seeks to improve outcomes for meningitis and encephalitis cases handled by physicians who may or may not be thoroughly trained for these challenges. The text introduces the current guidelines but also discusses the gaps that leave clinicians struggling to implement the most appropriate approaches for these particular neurological infections. Each chapter delivers the tools necessary to identify and adhere to the most appropriate diagnostic technique, management protocols, and prevention approach for each situation. All chapters conclude with discourse on future directions in research and quality improvement. Written by experts in infectious diseases, the book covers topics that are the most devastating, including healthcare-acquired infections, autoimmune encephalitis, and infections as they present in HIV patients. Meningitis and Encephalitis is a well-rounded resource for all medical professionals encountering these neurological syndromes, including infectious disease specialists, neurologists, primary care physicians, and immunologists.
Download or read book TRAIL Fas Ligand TNF and TLR3 in Cancer written by Olivier Micheau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides the current understanding of death receptor's/TLR3 signaling regulation in cancer. Death receptors, including TRAIL-R1, TRAIL-R2, Fas and TNF-RI, owing to their ability to trigger apoptosis and to contribute to the elimination of cancer cells by the immune system have been considered, to variable extent, as important therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. But an increasing body of evidence suggests that some of these receptors may also contribute to tumorigenesis, or that new players such as TLR3 may be targeted for cancer therapy due to their ability to behave like death receptors.
Download or read book Dynamics of Immune Activation in Viral Diseases written by Pallaval Veera Bramhachari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses various components of the innate and adaptive immune response in combating viral infections, presenting the recent advances in our understanding of innate immunity recognition of viruses and highlighting the important role of inflammation, cytokines such as interferon, toll-like receptors and leukocytes in the initial detection of invading viruses and subsequent activation of adaptive immunity. It also summarizes the role of the adaptive immunity against viral infections through clearance of virus and establishment of memory response that protects against the recurrent infections. In addition, the book examines the role of DNA and RNA sensors in viral recognition and in controlling viral infection. Lastly, it reviews the latest developments in the development of the rational viral vaccines. As such it is a useful resource book for postgraduate and early researchers wanting to gain insights into the immune response to viral infections.
Download or read book Neurorheumatology written by Tracey A. Cho and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-29 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed, practical textbook focuses on immune mediated disorders of the nervous system with particular focus on systemic autoimmune disorders. Divided into three sections, the first discusses the neuroanatomical and pathophysiologic basis of immune mediated disorders of the nervous system. Following this are 25 chapters devoted to individual clinical conditions. To conclude, the final section explains what is known about the mechanisms of immunomodulatory treatments and practical points about monitoring patients on these treatments. Neurorheumatology: A Comprehensive Guide to Immune Mediated Disorders of the Nervous System bridges the gaps among different branches of medicine and is an indispensable resource for rheumatologists and neurologists looking to develop a firm understanding of these dynamic disorders
Download or read book Dictionary of Abbreviations in Medical Sciences written by Rolf Heister and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not everyone is a friend of the manifold abbreviations that have by now beCome a part of the scientific language of medicine. In order to avoid misunderstanding these abbreviations, it is wise to refer to a reliable dic tionary, such as this one prepared by Heister. The abbreviation ED means, for instance, effective dose to the pharmacologist. However, it might also stand for emetic dose. Radiologists use the same abbreviation for erythema dose, and ED could also mean ethyl dichlorarsine. A com mon meaning of ECU is European currency unit, a meaning that might not be very often in scientific medical publications. ECU, however, also means environmental control unit or European Chiropractic Union. Hopefully, those making inventions and discoveries will make use of Heister's dictionary before creating new abbreviations when preparing manuscripts for scientific publications. It is a very worthwhile goal not to use the same abbreviation for several different terms, especially if it is already widely accepted to mean only one of them. It may be impossible, however, to achieve this goal in different scientific disciplines. Therefore, although it is wise for the abbreviations used in a publication to be defined, it is also very helpful for readers and writers to use a dictionary such as this one. The author deserves our warmest thanks since we know that compiling such a comprehensive dictionary is based upon incredibly hard effort.
Download or read book Antiviral Methods and Protocols written by Derek Kinchington and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This latest addition to the Methods in Molecular Medicine series, Anti- ral Methods and Protocols, is opportune because there is an increasing int- est in discovering compounds that are effective against both chronic and acute viral infections. A number of the methods described in the volume are unp- lished and their inclusion indicates the speed at which this field is moving. This volume is not a review but each chapter contains methods validated by the experts who have spent time in developing the protocols. The hallmark of this series is the comprehensive way in which the me- ods are described, which includes a list of all the reagents needed for each protocol. Of importance is the section on tips and pitfalls that the authors have discovered while developing their protocols. The manual itself is designed to be used by researchers in universities and industry who are familiar with a range of biological techniques but who want to set up quickly a novel assay system. We encourage a dialog between readers and authors, which may also result in useful collaborations.
Download or read book Dorland s Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations E Book written by Dorland and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical acronyms and abbreviations offer convenience, but those countless shortcuts can often be confusing. Now a part of the popular Dorland’s suite of products, this reference features thousands of terms from across various medical specialties. Its alphabetical arrangement makes for quick reference, and expanded coverage of symbols ensures they are easier to find. Effective communication plays an important role in all medical settings, so turn to this trusted volume for nearly any medical abbreviation you might encounter. Symbols section makes it easier to locate unusual or seldom-used symbols. Convenient alphabetical format allows you to find the entry you need more intuitively. More than 90,000 entries and definitions. Many new and updated entries including terminology in expanding specialties, such as Nursing; Physical, Occupational, and Speech Therapies; Transcription and Coding; Computer and Technical Fields. New section on abbreviations to avoid, including Joint Commission abbreviations that are not to be used. Incorporates updates suggested by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP).
Download or read book Metabolic Engineering for Bioactive Compounds written by Vipin Chandra Kalia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-07 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively discusses the latest research in the area of metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering solutions for bioactive compounds are now being derived by means of heterologous gene expression, in a wide range of organisms. The book provides an overview of the model systems being employed for metabolic manipulation to yield bioactive molecules, such as single-cell proteins, antibody generation, metabolites, proteases, chaperones, therapeutic proteins, nanomaterials, polymeric conjugates, dendrimers and nanoassemblies, Escherichia coli, Agrobacterium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and cell lines, etc. In addition, it shares insights into the scope of these methods in the areas of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, e.g. immunotherapy for curing various diseases like cancer, allergies, autoimmune diseases, etc.
