Download or read book Maternal Experiences Associated with Optimal Breastfeeding Behavior and the Role of Breastfeeding in Moderating Child Risk of Obesity written by Stacy Janette Carling and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background While clearly beneficial, some women do not engage in optimal breastfeeding practices. In addition, the impact of breastfeeding on early obesity development is unclear. The purpose of this research was to gain new insights regarding maternal barriers to exclusive breastfeeding behavior using an innovative mixed methods approach, and to investigate the impact of breastfeeding on infant-weight gain trajectories. Methods Longitudinal data from rural, central New York (N=595), spanning pregnancy through 2 years postpartum were used in this research. Data collection involved medical record audits and mailed survey questionnaires. Analytic methods included writing, coding and interpreting biographies built from survey data, building infant weight-gain trajectories using latent-class modeling techniques, and performing multivariate logistic regression procedures to assess odds of exclusively breastfeeding for 4 months and odds of membership in rising WFL z-score trajectories. Results Exclusive breastfeeding for 4 months was more likely to occur in women who were older, higher income, more flexible, more determined and driven, had more social support, lower early pregnancy BMI, and/or intended to exclusively breastfeed.! The odds of exclusively breastfeeding for 4 months were higher in women who were older, less career-oriented, and intended to exclusively breastfeed. For less educated women, those with a lower external locus of control were more likely to exclusively breastfeed than those with a higher external locus of control. Children with a rising weight-gain trajectory were more likely to have mothers who were obese in early pregnancy, had a high school education or less, and smoked during pregnancy. In addition, children whose mothers exhibited at least two of these characteristics were more likely to have a rising weight-gain trajectory if they breastfed for less than 2 months when compared to children who breastfed for more than 4 months. Conclusions Breastfeeding occurs during a critical window of child development when infants may be more susceptible to the effects of maternal risk factors for child obesity. Understanding population-specific barriers to optimal breastfeeding behavior is critical, particularly in high-risk populations, for the development of appropriate interventions. Evidence shows longer breastfeeding duration may be protective against accelerated infant growth that increases the risk of future overweight and obesity.!
Download or read book The Early Breastfeeding Experience and Its Association with Optimal Breastfeeding Among Peruvian Mothers written by Susana Lilian Matias and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Download or read book Infant Feeding written by John Worobey and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although infant feeding may be considered the primal form of motherinfant interaction, its treatment as a worthy subject of scientific investigation has only recently ascended to a position of importance. The reasons for our current interest are varied and important. For example, over the past fifty years the methods for studying feeding have improved, whether one speaks of analysing the composition of milk or the synchrony of the dyadic give-and-take during a feeding. Secondly, with breastfeeding rates having risen dramatically recently, the correlates of this societal change are undeniably of increased empirical interest. Finally, the current child obesity epidemic has propelled infant feeding to the forefront of the variety of public health strategies that will be needed to slow this crisis. The contributors to the present volume are all well-established researchers in the area of mother-infant interactions that surround infant feeding. With a mixture of theoretical underpinnings, methodological advances, and samples of current research, this book should serve as a useful reference for scientists and practitioners interested in the behavioral and health issues that surround infant feeding.
Download or read book Evaluating Breastfeeding s Role Early Childhood Feeding and Eating Styles written by Katherine Freney Isselmann and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Recent research indicates that breastfeeding may be protective against obesity risk. The purpose of the proposed study is to investigate the possible associations between breastfeeding, later maternal feeding strategies, and later child eating behaviors that could protect against obesity. Methods: This study examined hypothesized associations between infant feeding type (breastfed [BF], bottle-fed breastmilk [PUMP], bottle-fed formula [FM]) and both current child eating styles (internal cues in eating) and current maternal feeding styles (related to control) in a sample of three to six year old children. Infant feeding information was obtained via retrospective self-report with medical chart verification. Maternal feeding styles of "restriction" and "monitoring" and child eating behaviors of "satiety responsiveness" and "food responsiveness," were measured through validated questionnaires. It was hypothesized that children who were breastfed without bottle would have less maternal restriction and monitoring in their feeding and higher satiety response and lower food responsiveness than children who were breastfed with bottle or formula fed. Exploratory hypotheses were examined: (1) Maternal feeding and child eating behaviors were examined for interrelations and (2) Maternal feeding and child eating styles were explored for their relationship with obesity measures. Results: Among the 111 mothers, the mother-child pairs were classified in groups as follows: 41 BF, 25 PUMP, and 45 FORM. One-way ANOVA analyses did not find significant mean differences between these groups in restriction, monitoring, satiety response, and food responsiveness. However, multivariate analyses found the PUMP group had an unadjusted odds ratio of 0.33 (95% CI: 0.12-0.96) for high satiety level and after adjustment for child gender, maternal BMI, maternal educational level, maternal race, and maternal restraint in her own eating, the odds ratio was reduced to 0.27 (95% CI: 0.07-0.98). Correlations were found between the CFQ and CEBQ subscales. Correlations were found between food responsiveness and obesity outcomes, and satiety response and lower BMI. Discussion: This evidence supports the suggestion that breastfeeding without a bottle might allow infants to grow to have more positive eating behaviors. Future studies should expand upon these strategies in a prospective manner to promote clearer understanding of the breastfeeding-obesity factors.
Download or read book Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation written by Leanne M. Redman and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pregnancy is a viewed as a window to future health. With the birth of the developmental origins of human adult disease hypothesis, research and clinical practice has turned its attention to the influence of maternal factors such as health and lifestyle surrounding pregnancy as a means to understand and prevent the inter-generational inheritance of chronic disease susceptibility. Outcomes during pregnancy have long-lasting impacts on both women on children. Moreover, nutrition early in life can influence growth and the establishment of lifelong eating habits and behaviors. This Special Issue on “Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation: Implications for Maternal and Infant Health” is intended to highlight new epidemiological, mechanistic and interventional studies that investigate maternal nutrition around the pregnancy period on maternal and infant outcomes. Submissions may include original research, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Download or read book Evidence Based Outcome Research written by Arthur M. Nezu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume provides both conceptual and practical information for conducting and evaluating evidence-based outcome studies. It encompasses psychotherapy research for traditional mental health disorders (eg. depression, anxiety), as well as psychosocial-based treatments provided to medical patient populations to have impact either on the disease process itself (pain, cardiovascular risk) or to improve the quality of life of such individuals. This is a hands-on book, whose major emphasis is on the practical nuts-and-bolts implementation of psychosocial-based RCTs from conception to completion.
Download or read book Breastfeeding written by Kingsley Emwinyore Agho and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breastfeeding is the preferred method of feeding in early life. It is also one of the most cost-effective childhood survival interventions. Breastfeeding practices are important for preventing child mortality and morbidity, as well as ensuring the optimal growth, health, and development of infants. The public health benefits of breastfeeding have been well documented in the medical literature, and include the following: associations with decreased risk for early-life diseases such as otitis media, respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, and early childhood obesity (to name but a few). This Special Issue book includes a collection of studies on the use of novel methods to improve breastfeeding rates, and research exploring the short- and long-term benefits of breastfeeding for both the infant and mother, including technology-based approaches.
Download or read book Child Care and Child Development written by NICHD Early Child Care Research Network and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2005-12-23 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important work presents the results of the most comprehensive scientific study to date of early child care and its relation to child development. In one volume, a critical selection of material from the most salient journal articles is brought together with new overviews and a concluding commentary. Provided is a wealth of authoritative information about the ways in which nonmaternal care is linked to health, psychological adjustment, and mother-child bonds in the first six years of life. The study addresses the full complexity of this vital issue, taking into account a range of family characteristics as well as the quality of child care experiences. An essential resource for developmentalists, early child care specialists, and educators, this volume offers compelling new perspectives on practice, policy, and research.
Download or read book The Optimal Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding written by Department of Child and Adolescent Health and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2002 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The longstanding debate over the optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding has centered on the so-called "weanling's dilemma" in developing countries: the choice between the known protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding against infectious morbidity and the (theoretical) insufficiency of breast milk alone to satisfy the infant's energy and micronutrient requirements beyond 4 months of age. The primary objective of this review is to assess the effects on child health, growth, and development, and on maternal health, of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months vs exclusive breastfeeding for 3-4 months with mixed breastfeeding (introduction of complementary liquid or solid foods with continued breastfeeding) thereafter through 6 months.
Download or read book Breastfeeding and Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes in Developed Countries written by U.s. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to summarize the literature concerning the relationship of breastfeeding and various infant and maternal health outcomes. Two key questions are addressed: 1. What are the benefits and harms for infants and children in terms of short-term outcomes, such as infectious diseases (including otitis media, diarrhea, and lower respiratory tract infections), sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and infant mortality, and longer term outcomes such as cognitive development, childhood cancer (including leukemia), type I and II diabetes, asthma, atopic dermatitis, cardiovascular disease (including hypertension), hyperlipidemia, and obesity, compared among those who mostly breastfeed, mostly formula feed, and mixed feed; and how are these outcomes associated with duration of the type of feeding? Do the harms and benefits differ for any specific subpopulations based on socio-demographic factors? 2. What are the benefits and harms on maternal health short-term outcomes, such as postpartum depression and return to pre-pregnancy weight, and long-term outcomes, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, diabetes and osteoporosis, compared among breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mixed feeding, and how are these associated with duration of the type of feeding? Do the harms and benefits differ for any specific subpopulations based on socio-demographic factors?
Download or read book Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-10-31 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood obesity is a serious health problem that has adverse and long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. The magnitude of the problem has increased dramatically during the last three decades and, despite some indications of a plateau in this growth, the numbers remain stubbornly high. Efforts to prevent childhood obesity to date have focused largely on school-aged children, with relatively little attention to children under age 5. However, there is a growing awareness that efforts to prevent childhood obesity must begin before children ever enter the school system. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies reviews factors related to overweight and obese children from birth to age 5, with a focus on nutrition, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, and recommends policies that can alter children's environments to promote the maintenance of healthy weight. Because the first years of life are important to health and well-being throughout the life span, preventing obesity in infants and young children can contribute to reversing the epidemic of obesity in children and adults. The book recommends that health care providers make parents aware of their child's excess weight early. It also suggests that parents and child care providers keep children active throughout the day, provide them with healthy diets, limit screen time, and ensure children get adequate sleep. In addition to providing comprehensive solutions to tackle the problem of obesity in infants and young children, Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies identifies potential actions that could be taken to implement those recommendations. The recommendations can inform the decisions of state and local child care regulators, child care providers, health care providers, directors of federal and local child care and nutrition programs, and government officials at all levels.
Download or read book Complementary Feeding written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a training resource that deals with the period prior to successful weaning when a child continues to receive breast milk but also needs increasing amounts of addtional complementary foods to ensure healthy development. It is intended as a practical learning tool for all those responsible for the health and nutrition of young children, particularly health and nutrition workers, and their trainers.
Download or read book Weight Gain During Pregnancy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As women of childbearing age have become heavier, the trade-off between maternal and child health created by variation in gestational weight gain has become more difficult to reconcile. Weight Gain During Pregnancy responds to the need for a reexamination of the 1990 Institute of Medicine guidelines for weight gain during pregnancy. It builds on the conceptual framework that underscored the 1990 weight gain guidelines and addresses the need to update them through a comprehensive review of the literature and independent analyses of existing databases. The book explores relationships between weight gain during pregnancy and a variety of factors (e.g., the mother's weight and height before pregnancy) and places this in the context of the health of the infant and the mother, presenting specific, updated target ranges for weight gain during pregnancy and guidelines for proper measurement. New features of this book include a specific range of recommended gain for obese women. Weight Gain During Pregnancy is intended to assist practitioners who care for women of childbearing age, policy makers, educators, researchers, and the pregnant women themselves to understand the role of gestational weight gain and to provide them with the tools needed to promote optimal pregnancy outcomes.
Download or read book Maternal Fetal Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation written by Michael E. Symonds and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-28 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the aim to improve clinicians' understanding of the important effects nutrition can have on maternal health and fetal and neonatal development, Maternal-Fetal Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation defines the nutritional requirements with regard to the stage of development and growth, placing scientific developments into clinical context.
Download or read book Energy Balance and Obesity written by Isabelle Romieu and published by IARC Working Group Report. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the relationship between energy balance and obesity is essential to develop effective prevention programs and policies. The International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a Working Group of world-leading experts in December 2015 to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries, and to consider the following scientific questions: (i) Are the drivers of the obesity epidemic related only to energy excess and/or do specific foods or nutrients play a major role in this epidemic? (ii) What are the factors that modulate these associations? (iii) Which types of data and/or studies will further improve our understanding? This book provides summaries of the evidence from the literature as well as the Working Group's conclusions and recommendations to tackle the global epidemic of obesity.
Download or read book Intervening in Children s Lives written by Thomas J. Dishion and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2007 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas J. Dishion and Elizabeth A. Stormshak describe their family-centered, ecological approach, which engages children, adolescents, and their families; may be used as a periodic preventive checkup and as a more intensive intervention; and may be delivered in community settings such as schools in order to have the greatest public health impact. The authors demonstrate how they examine psychopathology in children and adolescents in the context of the ecology (families, peer groups, communities, and schools) in which they live. They present their empirically derived approach and illustrate how developmentally and culturally relevant interventions are shaped. An ecological approach works within a health maintenance teamwork.
