Download or read book MAP Kinases in Plant Signal Transduction written by Heribert Hirt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-07 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are modules involved in the transduction of extracellular signals to intracellular targets in all eukaryotes. Distinct MAPK pathways are regulated by different extracellular stimuli and are implicated in a wide variety of biological processes. In plants, there is evidence for MAPKs playing a role in the signaling of abiotic stresses, pathogens, plant hormones, and cell cycle cues. The large number and divergence of plant MAPKs indicates that this ancient mechanism of bioinformatics is extensively used in plants and may provide new molecular hands on old questions.

Download or read book Map Kinases in Plant Signal Transduction written by Heribert Hirt and published by . This book was released on 1999-08-13 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Signal Transduction in Plants written by S.K. Sopory and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the mechanisms by which plants perceive environmental cues, both physical and chemical, and transduce the signals that influence specific expression of genes, is an area of intensive scientific research. With the completion of the genome sequence of Arabidopsis it is understood now that a larger number of genes encode for proteins involved in signalling cascades and transcription factors. In this volume, different chapters deal with plant receptors, second messengers like calcium ions, phosphoinositides, salicylic acid and nitrous oxide, calcium binding proteins and kinases. In addition to dealing with the response of plants to light, hormones, pathogens, heat, etc. on cellular activity, work currently going on in apoptosis, cell division, and plastid gene expression is also covered in this book.

Download or read book Protein Kinases and Stress Signaling in Plants written by Girdhar K. Pandey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of stress signaling in plants using genomics and functional genomic approaches Improving agricultural production and meeting the needs of a rapidly growing global population requires crop systems capable of overcoming environmental stresses. Understanding the role of different signaling components in plant stress regulation is vital to developing crops which can withstand abiotic and biotic stresses without loss of crop yield and productivity. Emphasizing genomics and functional genomic approaches, Protein Kinases and Stress Signaling in Plants is a comprehensive review of cutting-edge research on stress perception, signal transduction, and stress response generation. Detailed chapters cover a broad range of topics central to improving agricultural production developing crop systems capable of overcoming environmental stresses to meet the needs of a rapidly growing global population. This book describes the field of protein kinases and stress signaling with a special emphasis on functional genomics. It presents a highly valuable contribution in the field of stress perception, signal transduction and generation of responses against one or multiple stress signals. This timely resource: Summarizes the role of various kinases involved in stress management Enumerates the role of TOR, GSK3-like kinase, SnRK kinases in different physiological conditions Examines mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in different stresses Describes the different aspects of calcium signaling under different stress conditions Examines photo-activated kinases (PAPKs) in varying light conditions Briefs the presence of tyrosine kinases in plants Highlights the cellular functions of receptor ]like protein kinases (RLKs) Possible implication of these kinases in developing stress tolerant crops Protein Kinases and Stress Signaling in Plants: Functional Genomic Perspective is an essential resource for researchers and students in the fields of plant molecular biology and signal transduction, plant responses to stress, plant cell signaling, plant protein kinases, plant biotechnology, transgenic plants and stress biology.

Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Signal Transduction in Plant Growth and Development written by Desh P.S. Verma and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant growth and development is controlled by various environmental cues that are sensed by the plant via various signal transduction pathways coupled to specific response. Some of these pathways are conserved from yeast to plants being regulated by various kinases and phosphatases. In addition, plants have many unique pathways that transduce to specific signals such as light, phytohormones and oligosaccharides. This volume highlights some of the examples of the plant signal transduction machinery opening new vistas in research on plant growth and development. The new technologies including the use of bacteria, yeast and Arabidopsis as functional complementation systems are providing proof of function of many of the proteins that show homology to those from other organisms. These studies will eventually lead to improvement of crop plants and use of plants as a new resource for producing desirable products to meet the growing needs of mankind.

Download or read book MAP Kinase Signaling Protocols written by Rony Seger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades are a group of protein kinases that play a central role in the intracellular transmission of extracellular signals. These cascades operate as major lines of communication within a complicated signaling network that regulates many cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, development, stress response, and apoptosis. More than 15,000 papers on MAPKs have been published over the past few years, with the number of publications increasing each year. More and more laboratories embark on the study of MAPK cascades in many d- tinct cellular systems and in particular their role in disease. Future challenges in the study of MAPK cascades remain in understa- ing the role of the various components and isoforms of the cascades in the multiple critical functions that they regulate in the whole organism, as well as the diseases caused by their malfunction. Data from gene-disrupted mice s- gest that inhibition of the MAPK cascades may have serious consequences on the development and growth of the animals. For example, targeted deletion of MEK1 is lethal, owing to developmental problems of placental vasculature and abnormal fibroblast migration. This lethality occurs in spite of the normal expression of MEK2, indicating that although the two MEK isoforms are apparently similar, they do have distinct functions, at least during embryog- esis. The ERK cascade was also shown to play a central role in brain function and in learning and memory.

Download or read book Hormone Signaling written by Vincent Goffin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-03-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multicellular organisms require a means of intracellular communication to organize and develop the complex body plan that occurs during embryogenesis and then for cell and organ systems to access and respond to an ever changing environmental milieu. Mediators of this constant exchange of information are growth factors, neurotransmmitters, peptide and protein hormones which bind to cell surface receptors and transduce their signals from the extracellular space to the intracellular compartment. Via multiple signaling pathways, receptors of this general class affect growth, development and differentiation. Smaller hydrophobic signaling molecules, such as steroids and non-steroid hormones, vitamins and metabolic mediators interact with a large family of nuclear receptors. These receptors function as transcription factors affecting gene expression, to regulate the multiple aspects of animal and human physiology, including development, reproduction and homeostasis. The aim of this book is to cover various aspects of intracellular signaling involving hormone receptors.

Download or read book Receptor like Kinases in Plants written by Frans Tax and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-20 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sequencing projects have revealed the presence of at least several hundred receptor kinases in a typical plant genome. Receptor kinases are therefore the largest family of primary signal transducers in plants, and their abundance suggests an immense signaling network that we have only just begun to uncover. Recent research findings indicate that individual receptor kinases fulfill important roles in growth and development, in the recognition of pathogens and symbionts or, in a few examples, in both growth and defense. This volume will focus on the roles of receptor kinases, their signaling pathways, and the ways in which these important signaling proteins are regulated.

Download or read book SALICYLIC ACID written by Shamsul Hayat and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-16 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book “Salicylic acid: A Plant Hormone” was first published in 1997 and was praised for its excellent balance of traditional and modern topics. This time, we're building on the success of the prior edition to provide an even more effective second edition. The present book is comprised of 16 chapters highlighting the updated mechanisms of its biosynthesis, physiological role, its action in response to water deficit, relationship of SA with signal transduction, transport of SA and related compounds. Further, the interplay between environmental signals and SA, its impact on transport and distribution of sugars, salicylic acid mediated stress-induced flowering and some aspects of interplay of SA with JA during the establishment of plant resistance to pathogens with different types of nutrition and participation of peroxidases have also been discussed at length. Potential use of SA in food production and its efficiency on post-harvest of perishable crops as well as practical use of SA are also covered. ​ ​

Download or read book Plant MAP Kinases written by George Komis and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-09-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are versatile phosphorylating enzymes which regulate multiple proteins involved in gene expression, cell architecture, plant development and reaction to diverse abiotic and biotic factors. The main aim of Plant MAP Kinases: Methods and Protocols is to provide established and new MAPK protocols adapted to the challenges posed by working with plants. The book contains 19 chapters which encompass a wide array of methods progressively scaling from the single gene, protein or cell level to large-scale arrays of proteomic, phosphoproteomic and interactomic data in order to uncover previously unidentified plant MAPK signaling pathways and to tackle with the challenging task of substrate identification. Techniques for MAPK sequence analysis and subcellular localization helping to identify their substrates and subcellular compartmentalization are also provided. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Plant MAP Kinases: Methods and Protocols represents a collection of useful plant MAPK protocols written by experts in the field for researchers and students.

Download or read book Signaling Pathways in Plants written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-09-09 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue of The Enzymes is targeted towards researchers in biochemistry, molecular and cell biology, pharmacology, and cancer. This volume discusses signaling pathways in plants. Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Transduction written by Johannes Lukas Bos and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains overviews of topics that have been discussed. It includes contributions from leading experts in the field on small GTPases, protein kinesis, receptors and transcription factors. A particular focus was the influence of oxygen radicals on signalling processes. It also contains the contributions of scientists early in their career, who have made an excellent contribution to the institute.

Download or read book Analysis of Putative Elements of Plant Signal Transduction Chains written by Steven D. Verhey and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis begins with an introduction to signal transduction and an analysis of current understanding of plant signal transduction. There are similarities between plants and animals, but also key differences, including lack of protein kinase C and of a cAMP signaling pathway in plants, and presence in plants of calcium dependent protein kinase (CDPK), which has a kinase catalytic domain contiguous with a C-terminal calmodulin-like domain. The next section examines protein kinase activity in the plasma membrane (PM) of zucchini hypocotyls. Zucchini PM contains four or more polypeptides with calcium-requiring protein kinase activity. The enzymes appear to be tightly associated with the PM, and at least three are recognized by monoclonal antibody to soybean soluble CDPK. Total proteins from several different organs of zucchini seedlings contain kinases with molecular weights similar to the hypocotyl PM enzymes. In the third section details of partial purification of the solubilized PM kinases are presented. Kinases which do not crossreact with anti-CDPK monoclonal antibody were resolved by anion exchange from ones which do crossreact. Peptide mapping was used to test the relationship between the kinases. Results of peptide mapping suggest that at least three types of protein kinase are present in zucchini PM, two of which are immunologically similar to CDPK and one of which is not. The last section concerns the potential for testing interactions between PM protein kinases and plasma membrane auxin binding proteins (ABP's) by use of photoaffinity labeling of ABP's. Causes of variable photoaffinity labeling by an azido-IAA are considered. Labeling of both the tomato mutant diageotropica and the parent VFN membranes was inexplicably inconsistent.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Inflammatory Diseases written by and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflammation has become one of the most exciting and rewarding areas of medical research. Recent years have seen a revolution in our understanding of how blood and tissue cells interact and of the intracellular mechanisms controlling their activation. This has revealed the underlying inflammatory pathology of many diseases and provided multiple new targets for anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory therapy. The Encyclopedia of Inflammatory Diseases will cover the following areas: Inflammatory Processes and Cells Inflammatory Diseases Mediators of Inflammation Pharmacology of Inflammation Since inflammatory diseases and their therapy cover a broad range of scientific and medical fields, the encyclopedia will be co-edited by four international experts, a clinician and three researchers from the disciplines of immunology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, in this way providing students, basic and clinical scientists and practitioners in academia, hospitals and industry with valuable interlinked information. This living project will serve as a reliable and comprehensive data pool for everybody working in inflammation research. Owing to its dynamic nature, it will grow with time and future editions, becoming an indispensible source of information for academia, clinical practitioners and industry.

Download or read book Plant Kinases written by Nico Dissmeyer and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-08-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modification of target protein properties by reversible phosphorylation events has been found to be one of the most prominent cellular control processes in all organisms. Recent advances in the areas of molecular biology and biochemistry are presenting new possibilities for reaching an unprecedented depth and a proteome-wide understanding of phosphorylation processes in plants as well as in other species. The major goal of Plant Kinases: Methods and Protocols is to provide the experimentalist with a detailed account of the practical steps necessary for successfully carrying out each protocol in his or her own laboratory. Plant protein kinases specifically addressed in this volume are members of the plant MAP kinase cascade, cyclin- and Calcium-dependent protein kinases, and plant sensor and receptor kinases. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Plant Kinases: Methods and Protocols will prove a useful laboratory companion to both novice and seasoned researchers by facilitating the practical work that will lead them to new and exciting insights in this dynamic field.

Download or read book The Roles of the Small PMEKK Subfamily Comprising MAPKKK19 20 and 21 in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Fangwen Bai and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades participate in a wide range of biological activities in eukaryotes. Among them, variety of combinations of the "three-tiered modules" and related regulators are the key factors to ensure the diversity and accuracy of the signal transduction. To date, a great variety of different MAPK cascades involved in biotic and abiotic stresses have been discovered in plants. Here, a complete MAPK cascade (MKKK20-MKK3-MPK6) that functions downstream of CRK21, a cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinase (CRK) has been found in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, a number of interesting MKKK20-interacting regulator candidates, including a protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) called MFH8.8; a calmodulin-like protein (CML10), and five calmodulins (CaM1, 4, 6, 7, and 9) have been identified by Y2H. The MFH8.8 (PP2C), and CaM7 were also identified as a negative and positive regulator of the MKKK20-cascade, respectively. Mutations in this MAPK cascade, as well as CaM7, leads to susceptibility to both bacterial and fungal pathogens (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (EV) [Pst3000] and Botrytis cinerea strain B191), while mutation of MFH8.8 (PP2C) confers resistance to the pathogens, indicating that CRK21-MKKK20-MKK3-MPK6 signaling pathway has an important role in plant immune responses under the regulation of MFH8.8 (PP2C) and CaM7. Moreover, another seven CRKs (CRK12, 14, 16, 18, 24, 30, and 33) sharing a kinase domain very similar to CRK21 are all interacting with MKKK20 in Y2H assays and regulate the phosphorylation status of MKKK20. Importantly, RT-PCR results showed that CRK12, 14, 18, 21, and 24 are highly expressed after pathogen (Pst3000) inoculation, but weakly (CRK14, 18, 21, and 24) or not expressed under normal conditions, suggesting that CRKs are a large upstream family of MKKK20 playing important roles in plant disease resistance. MKKK19, 20, and 21 form a single clade in the Arabidopsis MEKK family. Multiple sequence alignments and protein structure predictions showed that these three MKKKs are very similar in amino acid sequence, secondary, and even tertiary structure. To dissect the relationships among MKKK19, 20, and 21, all MKKK20-interacting CRKs, MKK3, as well as the candidate regulators have been tested with MKKK19 and 21 in a Y2H system separately. The results indicated that these three MKKKs share some interaction partners, including upstream (CRK12, CRK21, CRK33) and downstream (MKK3) elements. MKKK19 and 20 also share CRK18, 24, and 30, as well as several candidate regulators including the PP2C MFH8.8 phosphatase, CML10, CaM4, 6, and 9. The results of kinase assays indicated that CRK14, 24, and MKKK19 are autophosphorylated proteins, and that the autophosphorylation of MKKK19 is inhibited by CRK12, 16, 18, 24, and 30. These results revealed that CRKs are also important in MKKK19 mediated signaling pathways, and MKKK19 and 20 may function in some similar biological activities under the control of the same regulators. Interestingly, MKKK19 and 21 are both phosphorylated by CRK21-MKKK20 in vitro, suggesting that MKKK19 and 21 can work at the same hierarchical level with MKKK20 in the cascade as well as acting downstream of MKKK20 in the signaling pathways. Finally, the MKKK20 binding domain that anchors MKK3 was characterised through an in-depth protein-protein Y2H screen and BiFC, a first for a MAP kinase kinase kinase in plants. This C-terminal domain comprises two short subdomains with high percentage identity between the MKKK19, 20, and 21, but not with the other 18 Arabidopsis MEKKs, suggesting that this C-terminal is essential for the binding between MKKK20 and MKK3. Taken together, this project uncovered a complete MAPK cascade signaling pathway involved in immune response, and identified numbers of upstream elements as well as regulators of MKKK19, 20, and 21. during the analyzing of the relationships of MKKK19, 20, and 21, that belong to a single clade in the Arabidopsis MEKK. Lastly, MKKK20 and MKK3 were finely dissected and used in Y2H assays to uncover potential docking domains interacting between these two kinases. Surprisingly, a short MKKK20 C-terminal sequence not only interacted with MKK3 but also harbored docking domain sites similar to MAPK substrates. Our results shed new light on the remarkably diversified working modes of MAPK signaling cascades and in the role of receptor kinases and MEKKs in plant disease resistance.