Download or read book Lexical Ambiguity Resolution written by Steven L. Small and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most frequently used words in English are highly ambiguous; for example, Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary lists 94 meanings for the word "run" as a verb alone. Yet people rarely notice this ambiguity. Solving this puzzle has commanded the efforts of cognitive scientists for many years. The solution most often identified is "context": we use the context of utterance to determine the proper meanings of words and sentences. The problem then becomes specifying the nature of context and how it interacts with the rest of an understanding system. The difficulty becomes especially apparent in the attempt to write a computer program to understand natural language. Lexical ambiguity resolution (LAR), then, is one of the central problems in natural language and computational semantics research. A collection of the best research on LAR available, this volume offers eighteen original papers by leading scientists. Part I, Computer Models, describes nine attempts to discover the processes necessary for disambiguation by implementing programs to do the job. Part II, Empirical Studies, goes into the laboratory setting to examine the nature of the human disambiguation mechanism and the structure of ambiguity itself. A primary goal of this volume is to propose a cognitive science perspective arising out of the conjunction of work and approaches from neuropsychology, psycholinguistics, and artificial intelligence--thereby encouraging a closer cooperation and collaboration among these fields. Lexical Ambiguity Resolution is a valuable and accessible source book for students and cognitive scientists in AI, psycholinguistics, neuropsychology, or theoretical linguistics.

Download or read book Bilingual Lexical Ambiguity Resolution written by Roberto R. Heredia and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sets out state-of-the-art methodological and theoretical advancements to shed light on how bilingual speakers comprehend ambiguous information.

Download or read book Ambiguity Resolution in Language Learning written by Hinrich Schütze and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications. This book was released on 1997-05-13 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is concerned with how ambiguity and ambiguity resolution are learned, that is, with the acquisition of the different representations of ambiguous linguistic forms and the knowledge necessary for selecting among them in context. Schütze concentrates on how the acquisition of ambiguity is possible in principle and demonstrates that particular types of algorithms and learning architectures (such as unsupervised clustering and neural networks) can succeed at the task. Three types of lexical ambiguity are treated: ambiguity in syntactic categorisation, semantic categorisation, and verbal subcategorisation. The volume presents three different models of ambiguity acquisition: Tag Space, Word Space, and Subcat Learner, and addresses the importance of ambiguity in linguistic representation and its relevance for linguistic innateness.

Download or read book Semantic Interpretation and the Resolution of Ambiguity written by Graeme Hirst and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semantic interpretation and the resolution of ambiguity presents an important advance in computer understanding of natural language. While parsing techniques have been greatly improved in recent years, the approach to semantics has generally improved in recent years, the approach to semantics has generally been ad hoc and had little theoretical basis. Graeme Hirst offers a new, theoretically motivated foundation for conceptual analysis by computer, and shows how this framework facilitates the resolution of lexical and syntactic ambiguities. His approach is interdisciplinary, drawing on research in computational linguistics, artificial intelligence, montague semantics, and cognitive psychology.

Download or read book Ambiguity in Psycholinguistics written by Joseph F. Kess and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors present a comprehensive overview of past research in ambiguity in the field of psycholinguistics. Experimental results have often been equivocal in allowing a choice between the single-reading hypothesis and the multiple-reading hypothesis of processing of ambiguous sentences. This text reviews the arguments and experimental results in support of each of these views, and further investigates the contributions of context and thematic constraints in the process of ambiguity resolution. Commentary is also made on the possible hierarchical ordering of difficulty in the treatment of ambiguity, as well as critically related considerations like bias, individual differences, general cognitive strategies for dealing with multiphase representations, and the inherent differences between lexical and syntactic ambiguity.

Download or read book Perspectives on Sentence Processing written by Charles Clifton, Jr. and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the liveliest forums for sharing psychological, linguistic, philosophical, and computer science perspectives on psycholinguistics has been the annual meeting of the CUNY Sentence Processing Conference. Documenting the state of the art in several important approaches to sentence processing, this volume consists of selected papers that had been presented at the Sixth CUNY Conference. The editors not only present the main themes that ran through the conference but also honor the breadth of the presentations from disciplines including linguistics, experimental psychology, and computer science. The variety of sentence processing topics examined includes: * how evoked brain potentials reflect sentence comprehension * how auditory words are processed * how various sources of grammatical and nongrammatical information are coordinated and used * how sentence processing and language acquisition might be related. This distinctive volume not only presents the most exciting current work in sentence processing, but also places this research into the broader context of theorizing about it.

Download or read book Resolving Semantic Ambiguity written by David S. Gorfein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resolving Semantic Ambiguity arrrays the work of leading theorists on the issues surrounding the meaning and interpretation of ambiguous text. The chapters are organized around three major themes: (1) retrieval, (2) representation of words, and (3) text as a context. The book offers a number of new challenges to the role of context in language processing, some striking new evidence on the repetition of homographs in different contexts, and new approaches to resolution capable of being incorporated into either modular or network models. In several papers the problem of ambiguity is extended to include the problem of weak ambiguity and understanding text themes. The book provides a unique starting point for researchers approaching the problems of meaning in cognitive science, psychology, and computational linguistics.

Download or read book Automatic Ambiguity Resolution in Natural Language Processing written by Alexander Franz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-11-13 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an exciting time for Artificial Intelligence, and for Natural Language Processing in particular. Over the last five years or so, a newly revived spirit has gained prominence that promises to revitalize the whole field: the spirit of empiricism. This book introduces a new approach to the important NLP issue of automatic ambiguity resolution, based on statistical models of text. This approach is compared with previous work and proved to yield higher accuracy for natural language analysis. An effective implementation strategy is also described, which is directly useful for natural language analysis. The book is noteworthy for demonstrating a new empirical approach to NLP; it is essential reading for researchers in natural language processing or computational linguistics.

Download or read book Bilingual Sentence Processing written by Roberto Heredia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-07-25 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bilingual Sentence Processing

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics written by M. Gareth Gaskell and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to communicate through spoken and written language is one of the defining characteristics of the human race, yet it remains a deeply mysterious process. The young science of psycholinguistics attempts to uncover the mechanisms and representations underlying human language. This interdisciplinary field has seen massive developments over the past decade, with a broad expansion of the research base, and the incorporation of new experimental techniques such as brain imaging and computational modelling. The result is that real progress is being made in the understanding of the key components of language in the mind. The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics brings together the views of 75 leading researchers in psycholinguistics to provide a comprehensive and authoritative review of the current state of the art in psycholinguistics. With almost 50 chapters written by experts in the field, the range and depth of coverage is unequalled. The contributors are eminent in a wide range of fields, including psychology, linguistics, human memory, cognitive neuroscience, bilingualism, genetics, development and neuropsychology. Their contributions are organised into six themed sections, covering word recognition, the mental lexicon, comprehension and discourse, language production, language development, and perspectives on psycholinguistics. The breadth of coverage, coupled with the accessibility of the short chapter format should make the handbook essential reading for both students and researchers in the fields of psychology, linguistics and neuroscience.

Download or read book Understanding Word and Sentence written by G.B. Simpson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1991-01-14 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research concerning structure and processing in the mental lexicon has achieved central prominence within cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics. Historically, however, much of the research on the lexicon focussed not on its role in language comprehension, but as a medium for studying semantic memory. This picture has changed in recent years, with much more research examining the role of lexical processes and output in language comprehension.Gathered together in this volume is the work of some of those researchers who are responsible for this shift of emphasis. Chapters deal with the role of sentence contexts in word recognition, processes involved in the activation and enhancement of lexical information, and the interaction of lexical and syntactic information in sentence processing. A wide range of theoretical and empirical issues relating to language understanding are discussed.

Download or read book On the Consequences of Meaning Selection written by David S. Gorfein and published by Amer Psychological Assn. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors present the latest research in a relatively new area in the study of comprehension and discourse processes--lexically ambiguous words, how they are accessed, and how meaning is derived. Investigators describe the current state of knowledge and theory regarding the role that words play in the comprehension.

Download or read book Sentence Processing A Crosslinguistic Perspective written by Dieter Hillert and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1998-07-13 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The innovative element of this volume is its overview of the fundamental psycholinguistic topics involved in sentence processing. While most psycholinguistic studies focus on a single language and induce a general model of universal sentence processing, this volume proposes a cross-linguistic approach. It contains two distinct features first embraced in the 18th century by brothers Freiherr Wilhelm von Humboldt and Alexander von Humboldt. First, it offers a linguistic theory that characterizes universal cognitive features of the human language processor (or the mind and its biological source), independent of a single language structure. Second, it contains a language theory which considers the diversity of linguistic structures and provides a powerful theory of language processing. Contributors cover a wide range of topics, including word recognition, fixed expressions, grammatical constraints, empty categories, and parsing. Their research involves analyses of 12 languages. This book provides an overview of central psycholinguistic topics in sentence processing; and combines deductive and inductive methods in fashioning an innovative approach. The contributors address word recognition, fixed expressions, grammatical constraints, empty categories, and parsing. Its original papers form a coherent presentation.

Download or read book Bilingual Figurative Language Processing written by Roberto R. Heredia and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-26 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bilingual Figurative Language Processing is the first book of its kind to address how bilinguals learn, store, and comprehend figurative language.

Download or read book Language Structure Discourse and the Access to Consciousness written by Maksim Stamenov and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this collective volume is on the mutual determination of language structure, discourse patterns and the accessibility to consciousness of mental contents of different types of organization and complexity. The contributions address the following problems, among others: the history of the interpretation of conscious and unconscious mind in the theoretical discourse of modern linguistics; the determination of the structure of consciousness by the grammatical structure; the levels of access of grammatical and lexical information to consciousness; the development of cognitive complexity and control in ontogeny; pathologies of consciousness access in discourse comprehension and production; the cognitive contextual prerequisites for the representation of meaning in consciousness; the relationships between language structure and qualia in the phenomenology of experience; the dialogical structure of intentionality and meaning representation, etc. (Series B)

Download or read book The Effects of Context on Lexical Ambiguity Resolution written by Phillip Anthony Weeks and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Mental Lexicon written by Gonia Jarema and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007-07-01 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reflects a consensus that the investigation of words in the mind offers a unique opportunity to understand both human language ability and general human cognition. It brings together key perspectives on the fundamental nature of the representation and processing of words in the mind. This thematic volume covers a wide range of views on the fundamental nature of representation and processing of words in the mind and a range of views on the investigative techniques that are most likely to reveal that nature. It provides an overview of issues and developments in the field. It uncovers the processes of word recognition. It develops new models of lexical processing.