Download or read book Layout Aware Analog Synthesis Methodology written by Raoul Badaoui and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Layout-induced parasitics have significant effects on the behavior of circuits in general and the performance of high-frequency analog ones in particular. To achieve parasite-inclusive performance-closure, layout-aware circuit synthesis methodologies are beginning to emerge. In layout-in-the-loop synthesis methodologies, performance analysis is based on the generation of a concrete layout for the explored circuit sizes. A parasite-inclusive circuit is extracted from the layout using a standard extractor and is analyzed using a simulator to determine whether the required constraints are met; this is time consuming. Various approaches of estimating parasitics lack the correctness that would only come from examining the layout itself. The proposed approach tries to include the exactness of the layout to be generated without actually generating it. It relies on using pre-generated structures for the specified unsized circuit; these structures are generated pre-synthesis and contain the information that a layout would have provided to a synthesis process if it was to be generated. This information contains extraction specifics for modules, their location and routing characteristics.

Download or read book Variation Aware Analog Structural Synthesis written by Trent McConaghy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-13 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes new tools for front end analog designers, starting with global variation-aware sizing, and extending to novel variation-aware topology design. The tools aid design through automation, but more importantly, they also aid designer insight through automation. We now describe four design tasks, each more general than the previous, and how this book contributes design aids and insight aids to each. The ?rst designer task targeted is global robust sizing. This task is supported by a design tool that does automated, globally reliable, variation-aware s- ing (SANGRIA),and an insight-aiding tool that extracts designer-interpretable whitebox models that relate sizings to circuit performance (CAFFEINE). SANGRIA searches on several levels of problem dif?culty simultaneously, from lower cheap-to-evaluate “exploration” layers to higher full-evaluation “exploitation” layers (structural homotopy). SANGRIAmakes maximal use of circuit simulations by performing scalable data mining on simulation results to choose new candidate designs. CAFFEINE accomplishes its task by tre- ing function induction as a tree-search problem. It constrains its tree search space via a canonical-functional-form grammar, and searches the space with grammatically constrained genetic programming. The second designer task is topology selection/topology design. Topology selection tools must consider a broad variety of topologies such that an app- priate topology is selected, must easily adapt to new semiconductor process nodes, and readily incorporate new topologies. Topology design tools must allow designers to creatively explore new topology ideas as rapidly as possible.

Download or read book Algorithms for Layout aware and Performance Model Driven Synthesis of Analog Circuits written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the ever increasing complexity of integrated circuits and constantly shrinking device sizes, the need to develop entire dystems on chip (SoC) has received a significant momentum. With this need, comes the responsibility of bringing about mature computer-aided design (CAD) techniques to handle the complexity of designing such systems. Although mature commercial techniques exist for designing the digital components in a system, design automation for the irreplaceable analog and radio-frequency (RF) circuits in a system remains incipient. Circuit sizing is one of the most important and challenging constituents of any analog design process. Given a set of high-level specifications and a circuit topology, sizing aims to determine the device dimensions and biasing information in order to meet the desired specifications. In this dissertation, we address two major problems ailing the sizing process. One of the most important challenges in analog synthesis is to design a circuit which meets the input specifications at the post-layout stage. The other problem we seek to address in this dissertation is the enormous time spent in sizing due to the overhead of running thousands of simulations for performance estimation. Analog and RF circuits are extremely sensitive to layout parasitics. This extreme dependence of the behavior of analog circuits, on layout-induced parasitics, is responsible for several silicon runs before a functional chip can be designed. We propose two techniques to introduce layout awareness during circuit sizing. The first approach is based on developing fast and accurate models of the layout parasitics. The parasitic capacitance models are used inside a circuit sizing framework to estimate the layout parasitics and account for them in the performance evaluation process. This approach relies on procedural layout generators (PLGs) for developing the parasitic models. The second approach proposed for layout-aware design draws a similarity between layout parasitics and process variables in a yield optimization problem. A two-step approach is proposed for identifying the worst case parasitic corners and for sizing in presence of these parasitics. A parasitic robust design is sought for which passes the post-layout validation test. Circuit sizing primarily comprises of two components: a search engine and a performance estimator. Stochastic combinatorial optimization techniques are used for exploring the design space. For each candidate design explored by the search engine, the circuit performance is estimated. Typically, the performance estimation time dominates the overall synthesis time. Most commercial approaches deploy a simulator-in-loop approach to the sizing problem due to the high accuracy desired from the estimation process. We propose two techniques for replacing the simulator with accurate and efficient performance models. Since the performance models allow a very quick evaluation of the circuit performance, their use helps in drastically reducing the time complexity of sizing. Unlike the existing macro-model driven sizing techniques, the proposed approaches guarantee to obtain accurate simulator validated design solutions. We propose a unified system which aims to resolve both the problems of computational complexity of performance estimation and performance closure at the layout stage in the same flow. The proposed system combines the ideas of parasitic modeling, design optimization in presence of worst case parasitics corners and performance macromodeling put forth in this dissertation to create high quality designs efficiently.

Download or read book Analog Layout Synthesis written by Helmut E. Graeb and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated circuits are fundamental electronic components in biomedical, automotive and many other technical systems. A small, yet crucial part of a chip consists of analog circuitry. This part is still in large part designed by hand and therefore represents not only a bottleneck in the design flow, but also a permanent source of design errors responsible for re-designs, costly in terms of wasted test chips and in terms of lost time-to-market. Layout design is the step of the analog design flow with the least support by commercially available, computer-aided design tools. This book provides a survey of promising new approaches to automated, analog layout design, which have been described recently and are rapidly being adopted in industry.

Download or read book Automated Layout inclusive Synthesis of Analog Circuits Using Symbolic Performance Models written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key task in the automated design of analog/RF circuits is circuit sizing, a process that involves assigning numerical values to unknown circuit parameters of a fixed topology, while being subjected to a set of performance constraints. Over the years, the terms sizing and synthesis have been used interchangeably, and have become synonymous in the analog domain. Mature tools for the synthesis of digital circuits are abundant, but the market for analog synthesis tools is still growing and very few commercial products exist. Several techniques have been developed in the past for analog synthesis, ranging from knowledge-based methods to techniques using numerical simulation. A frequently used technique involves an iterative stochastic search, which uses numerical simulations at every probable design point, in order to obtain the performance metrics. Expensive computations and parasitics unawareness of this traditional method necessitates a scheme which can produce fast layout aware designs. In this dissertation a new synthesis methodology, which uses parameterized layout generators and symbolic performance models (SPMs) inside the synthesis loop, has been developed to overcome the deficiencies of the previous circuit sizing method. This layout-inclusive (layout-in-loop) approach uses efficient parameterized procedural layout generators, obtained using the module specification language (MSL) system, for speedy layout instantiation. Fast performance estimation is achieved by using pre-compiled SPMs, which are symbolic representation of circuit performances, obtained using symbolic analysis. The transfer functions of SPMs are stored as efficient symbolic graphs called element-coefficient diagrams (ECDs). Techniques to include layout geometry effects in the SPMs have also been developed. This method is used for the synthesis of op-amps and filters. The method proposed above for analog circuits is then applied to the synthesis of an RF low-noise amplifier (LNA). This method also uses symbolic performance models (SPMs), and parameterized layout generator along with high-frequency extraction techniques in the synthesis loop. SPMs for noise figure and distortion parameters are developed using repetitive and weakly nonlinear symbolic analysis and are stored as pre-compiled ECDs. Full parasitic extraction is done by using multiple extractors. Quasi-static extraction is used to obtain the critical parasitic effects of interconnects and on-chip inductors. Further in the dissertation, efforts are made to overcome the shortcomings of the proposed method. The first limitation is the size of circuits that can be synthesized. It arises because of the limit on the size of ECD-code that can be compiled by a standard GNU C++ compiler. To overcome this bottleneck, a new comprehensive method and framework for exact symbolic analysis of large analog circuits is developed. The method is based on the concepts of hierarchical circuit decomposition, subcircuit symbolic analysis and transfer function synthesis. Node tearing methods have been used for decomposition and element-coefficient diagrams (ECD) based method is used for symbolic analysis of subcircuits. One of the key contributions of this work is a generalized methodology for transfer function synthesis, encompassing all interconnection templates for any two subcircuits. The method leads to the development of an easily automatable and efficient algorithm for generation of symbolic transfer function of large circuits. The hierarchical technique, developed in this work, is then used for layout-inclusive synthesis of large analog circuits. Techniques have been developed to generate the list and interconnection of subcircuits which undergo hierarchical symbolic analysis. A circuit is decomposed into common building blocks of analog circuits, for which netlists are obtained by an extraction of corresponding layout modules. The interconnection parasitics may or may not exist in the module netlists and therefore they may form subcircuits of their own. The other shortcoming of this work is that of time during performance estimation is spent on operating point analysis using SPICE, a numerical simulator. To remove this dependence on numerical simulation and further speedup synthesis, we have developed a modified gm/ID method and used it for synthesis of analog circuits. EKV MOSFET model equations for all small-signal parameters have been extracted, and the conditions for a transistor to be in saturation, have been derived.

Download or read book Fast Parasitic aware Synthesis Methodology for High Performance Analog and RF Circuits written by Abdullah Al Iftekhar Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Yield Aware Analog IC Design and Optimization in Nanometer scale Technologies written by António Manuel Lourenço Canelas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-20 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a new methodology with reduced time impact to address the problem of analog integrated circuit (IC) yield estimation by means of Monte Carlo (MC) analysis, inside an optimization loop of a population-based algorithm. The low time impact on the overall optimization processes enables IC designers to perform yield optimization with the most accurate yield estimation method, MC simulations using foundry statistical device models considering local and global variations. The methodology described by the authors delivers on average a reduction of 89% in the total number of MC simulations, when compared to the exhaustive MC analysis over the full population. In addition to describing a newly developed yield estimation technique, the authors also provide detailed background on automatic analog IC sizing and optimization.

Download or read book A Computer Aided Design and Synthesis Environment for Analog Integrated Circuits written by Geert Van der Plas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-27 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text addresses the design methodologies and CAD tools available for the systematic design and design automation of analogue integrated circuits. Two complementary approaches discussed increase analogue design productivity, demonstrated throughout using design times of the different design experiments undertaken.

Download or read book Automatic Analog IC Sizing and Optimization Constrained with PVT Corners and Layout Effects written by Nuno Lourenço and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to a variety of tools for automatic analog integrated circuit (IC) sizing and optimization. The authors provide a historical perspective on the early methods proposed to tackle automatic analog circuit sizing, with emphasis on the methodologies to size and optimize the circuit, and on the methodologies to estimate the circuit’s performance. The discussion also includes robust circuit design and optimization and the most recent advances in layout-aware analog sizing approaches. The authors describe a methodology for an automatic flow for analog IC design, including details of the inputs and interfaces, multi-objective optimization techniques, and the enhancements made in the base implementation by using machine leaning techniques. The Gradient model is discussed in detail, along with the methods to include layout effects in the circuit sizing. The concepts and algorithms of all the modules are thoroughly described, enabling readers to reproduce the methodologies, improve the quality of their designs, or use them as starting point for a new tool. An extensive set of application examples is included to demonstrate the capabilities and features of the methodologies described.

Download or read book Generating Analog IC Layouts with LAYGEN II written by Ricardo M. F. Martins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-16 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an innovative methodology for the automatic generation of analog integrated circuits (ICs) layout, based on template descriptions and on evolutionary computational techniques. A design automation tool, LAYGEN II was implemented to validate the proposed approach giving special emphasis to reusability of expert design knowledge and to efficiency on retargeting operations.

Download or read book High Level Modeling and Synthesis of Analog Integrated Systems written by Ewout S. J. Martens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-03 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various approaches for finding optimal values for the parameters of analog cells have made their entrance in commercial applications. However, a larger impact on the performance is expected if tools are developed which operate on a higher abstraction level and consider multiple architectural choices to realize a particular functionality. This book examines the opportunities, conditions, problems, solutions and systematic methodologies for this new generation of analog CAD tools.

Download or read book Performance Optimization Techniques in Analog Mixed Signal and Radio Frequency Circuit Design written by Fakhfakh, Mourad and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving the performance of existing technologies has always been a focal practice in the development of computational systems. However, as circuitry is becoming more complex, conventional techniques are becoming outdated and new research methodologies are being implemented by designers. Performance Optimization Techniques in Analog, Mix-Signal, and Radio-Frequency Circuit Design features recent advances in the engineering of integrated systems with prominence placed on methods for maximizing the functionality of these systems. This book emphasizes prospective trends in the field and is an essential reference source for researchers, practitioners, engineers, and technology designers interested in emerging research and techniques in the performance optimization of different circuit designs.

Download or read book Computer Aided Design of Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems written by Rob A. Rutenbar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-05-06 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tools and techniques you need to break the analog design bottleneck! Ten years ago, analog seemed to be a dead-end technology. Today, System-on-Chip (SoC) designs are increasingly mixed-signal designs. With the advent of application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) technologies that can integrate both analog and digital functions on a single chip, analog has become more crucial than ever to the design process. Today, designers are moving beyond hand-crafted, one-transistor-at-a-time methods. They are using new circuit and physical synthesis tools to design practical analog circuits; new modeling and analysis tools to allow rapid exploration of system level alternatives; and new simulation tools to provide accurate answers for analog circuit behaviors and interactions that were considered impossible to handle only a few years ago. To give circuit designers and CAD professionals a better understanding of the history and the current state of the art in the field, this volume collects in one place the essential set of analog CAD papers that form the foundation of today's new analog design automation tools. Areas covered are: * Analog synthesis * Symbolic analysis * Analog layout * Analog modeling and analysis * Specialized analog simulation * Circuit centering and yield optimization * Circuit testing Computer-Aided Design of Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems is the cutting-edge reference that will be an invaluable resource for every semiconductor circuit designer and CAD professional who hopes to break the analog design bottleneck.

Download or read book Analog Integrated Circuit Design Automation written by Ricardo Martins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-20 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to a variety of tools for analog layout design automation. After discussing the placement and routing problem in electronic design automation (EDA), the authors overview a variety of automatic layout generation tools, as well as the most recent advances in analog layout-aware circuit sizing. The discussion includes different methods for automatic placement (a template-based Placer and an optimization-based Placer), a fully-automatic Router and an empirical-based Parasitic Extractor. The concepts and algorithms of all the modules are thoroughly described, enabling readers to reproduce the methodologies, improve the quality of their designs, or use them as starting point for a new tool. All the methods described are applied to practical examples for a 130nm design process, as well as placement and routing benchmark sets.

Download or read book A Top Down Constraint Driven Design Methodology for Analog Integrated Circuits written by Henry Chang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analog circuit design is often the bottleneck when designing mixed analog-digital systems. A Top-Down, Constraint-Driven Design Methodology for Analog Integrated Circuits presents a new methodology based on a top-down, constraint-driven design paradigm that provides a solution to this problem. This methodology has two principal advantages: (1) it provides a high probability for the first silicon which meets all specifications, and (2) it shortens the design cycle. A Top-Down, Constraint-Driven Design Methodology for Analog Integrated Circuits is part of an ongoing research effort at the University of California at Berkeley in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Department. Many faculty and students, past and present, are working on this design methodology and its supporting tools. The principal goals are: (1) developing the design methodology, (2) developing and applying new tools, and (3) `proving' the methodology by undertaking `industrial strength' design examples. The work presented here is neither a beginning nor an end in the development of a complete top-down, constraint-driven design methodology, but rather a step in its development. This work is divided into three parts. Chapter 2 presents the design methodology along with foundation material. Chapters 3-8 describe supporting concepts for the methodology, from behavioral simulation and modeling to circuit module generators. Finally, Chapters 9-11 illustrate the methodology in detail by presenting the entire design cycle through three large-scale examples. These include the design of a current source D/A converter, a Sigma-Delta A/D converter, and a video driver system. Chapter 12 presents conclusions and current research topics. A Top-Down, Constraint-Driven Design Methodology for Analog Integrated Circuits will be of interest to analog and mixed-signal designers as well as CAD tool developers.

Download or read book Analog Circuit Design written by Michiel Steyaert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 11th edition in this successful series, the topics are structured-mixed-mode design, multi-bit sigma-delta converters and short range RF circuits. The book provides valuable information and excellent overviews of analogue circuit design, CAD and RF systems.

Download or read book Reuse Based Methodologies and Tools in the Design of Analog and Mixed Signal Integrated Circuits written by Rafael Castro López and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-17 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a framework for the reuse-based design of AMS circuits. The framework is founded on three key elements: (1) a CAD-supported hierarchical design flow; (2) a complete, clear definition of the AMS reusable block; (3) the design for a reusability set of tools, methods, and guidelines. The book features a detailed tutorial and in-depth coverage of all issues and must-have properties of reusable AMS blocks.