Download or read book Late Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysis written by Bernhard Rieger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the start of the 1950s, Ziegler and Natta discovered that simple metallorganic catalysts are capable of transforming olefins into linear polymers with highly ordered structures. This pioneering discovery was recognized with a Nobel Prize in 1963. In the 80s and 90s, the development of molecular defined metallocenes led to a renaissance for non-polar polyolefin materials. Designer catalysts allowed a greater precision in defining properties of the material. The past 10 years have seen the discovery of new catalysts based on late transition metals, which allow the combination of polar monomers with non-polar olefins and thus lead to innovative materials. Here, the world's leading authors from industry and academia describe the latest developments in this fascinating field for the first time in such comprehensive detail. In so doing, they introduce readers systematically to the basic principles and show how these new catalysts can effectively be used for polymerization reactions. This makes the book an ideal and indispensable reference for specialists, advanced students, and scientists of various disciplines dealing with research into catalysts and materials science.

Download or read book Handbook of Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts written by Ray Hoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-20 with total page 895 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Including recent advances and historically important catalysts, this book overviews methods for developing and applying polymerization catalysts – dealing with polymerization catalysts that afford commercially acceptable high yields of polymer with respect to catalyst mass or productivity. • Contains the valuable data needed to reproduce syntheses or use the catalyst for new applications • Offers a guide to the design and synthesis of catalysts, and their applications in synthesis of polymers • Includes the information essential for choosing the appropriate reactions to maximize yield of polymer synthesized • Presents new chapters on vanadium catalysts, Ziegler catalysts, laboratory homopolymerization, and copolymerization

Download or read book Metal Catalysts in Olefin Polymerization written by Zhibin Guan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyolefin is a major industry that is important for our economy and impacts every aspect of our lives. The discovery of new transition metal-based catalysts is one of the driving forces for the further advancement of this field. Whereas the classical heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts and homogeneous early transition metal metallocene catalysts remain the workhorses of the polyolefin industry, in roughly the last decade, tremendous progress has been made in developing non-metallocene-based olefin polymerization catalysts. Particularly, the discovery of late transition metal-based olefin polymerization catalysts heralds a new era for this field. These late transition metal complexes not only exhibit high activities rivaling their early metal counterparts, but more importantly they offer unique properties for polymer architectural control and copolymerization with polar olefins. In this book, the most recent major breakthroughs in the development of new olefin polymerization catalysts, including early metal metallocene and non-metallocene complexes and late transition metal complexes, are discussed by leading experts. The authors highlight the most important discoveries in catalysts and their applications in designing new polyolefin-based functional materials.

Download or read book Development of Late Transition Metal Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization written by Shingo Kikukawa and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transition Metals and Organometallics as Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization written by Walter Kaminsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 30 years after the discovery of transition metals and organometal lics as catalysts for olefin polymerization these catalysts did not have lost their fascination. Since 1953 when Karl Ziegler has discovered the catalytic polymerization of ethylene leading to plastically formable polymers which are mechanically stable up to temperatures of about 100°C, synthetic polymers and rubbers have made their way right into private houses. This discovery has been a main impetus for the fast growing production of plastics. The stereoselective poly merization of propylene and other long-chain a-olefins first detected by Giulio Natta leads to an even broadened field of applications. Another enforcing factor were the developments of Standard Oil of Indiana and Phillipps Petroleum Company who engaged in the polymerization of a-olefins supported molybdenum, cobalt and later on chromium catalysts which clearly indicates the wide variety of suitable systems. This kind of research acknowledged merit when in 1963 the Nobel prize of chemistry was awarded to Ziegler and Natta. Although to a great extent there is a technical application for these catalysts, up to now the nature of the active centres and many reaction mechanisms are not completely known.

Download or read book Theoretical Aspects of Transition Metal Catalysis written by Gernot Frenking and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-06-23 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transition metal catalysis belongs to the most important chemical research areas because a ubiquitous number of chemical reactions are catalyzed by transition metal compounds. Many efforts are being made by industry and academia to find new and more efficient catalysts for chemical processes. Transition metals play a prominent role in catalytic research because they have been proven to show an enormous diversity in lowering the activation barrier for chemical reactions. For many years, the search for new catalysts was carried out by trial and error, which was costly and time consuming. The understanding of the mechanism of the catalytic process is often not very advanced because it is difficult to study the elementary steps of the catalysis with experimental techniques. The development of modern quantum chemical methods for calculating possible intermediates and transition states was a breakthrough in gaining an understanding of the reaction pathways of transition metal catalyzed reactions. This volume, organized into eight chapters written by leading scientists in the field, illustrates the progress made during the last decade. The reader will obtain a deep insight into the present state of quantum chemical research in transition metal catalysis.

Download or read book Development of Late Transition Metal Insertion Polymerization Catalysts written by Tobias Friedberger and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyolefins are the number one commercially produced polymeric material by volume, and find ubiquitous uses as plastics, elastomers, and fibers. They are produced from gaseous olefins such as ethylene and propylene by the action of a transition metal catalyst. Despite tremendous academic and industrial efforts and successes in catalyst development over the past decades, the copolymerization of polar functionalized olefins with sufficiently high activities still remains a largely unsolved issue. Late transition metal catalysts were shown to be more suitable for this kind of polymerization reaction due to their generally lower oxophilic character. The main goal of this thesis was the development of novel late transition olefin polymerization catalysts based on ruthenium and palladium. Prior to this work, only few active olefin polymerization Ru-catalysts were reported. Several series of complexes based on ruthenium were synthesized, characterized and investigated for olefin polymerization. Ru(II)-complexes of the type RuCl2(N,N,N)L with facially coordinating nitrogen donor ligands (N,N,N = trispyridyl-, trispyrazoyl-, trisimidazoyl-methane derivatives) were found to be inactive towards ethylene polymerization. Employing bisanionic disulfonate phosphines as ligands gave Ru-complexes that produced linear, high-molecular weight polyethylene in the presence of an aluminum-alkyl based cocatalyst. Increasing the electrophilicity of the complex, by decreasing the donor strength of the ligand and using higher oxidation state Ru(IV)-complexes, the polymerization activity could be increased, and one of the highest activities for any Ru-based catalyst was observed. Polar additives such as acetone fully inhibited even the most electron-rich catalysts and copolymerization reactions yielded no polymer. In a different approach to solve the same problem, Pd-diimine complexes were modified with pendant olefin and boronate groups. Pd-diimine complexes can facilitate the copolymerization of ethylene with acrylates, and interactions of the pendant Lewis acid group with the functional, Lewis basic comonomer was anticipated to increase catalyst activity. However, no effect of a pendant pinacol boronate was observed on the incorporation ratio of methyl acrylate in room temperature copolymerizations. The ability of the pendant olefin to coordinate to cationic Pd-species resulted in hemilabile effects. Increased catalyst stability at the cost of decreased activities was found in comparison with unfunctionalized ligands.

Download or read book Alkene Polymerization Reactions with Transition Metal Catalysts written by Yury Kissin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-03-10 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 30 years, the field of alkene polymerization over transition metal catalysts underwent several major changes:1. The list of commercial heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts for the synthesis of polyethylene and stereoregular polyolefins was completely renewed affording an unprecedented degree of control over the polymer structure.2. Research devoted to metallocene and other soluble transition-metal catalysis has vastly expanded and has shifted toward complexes of transition metals with multidentate ligands.3. Recent developments in gel permeation chromatography, temperature-rising fractionation, and crystallization fractionation provided the first reliable information about differences between various active centers in transition-metal catalysts.4. A rapid development of high-resolution 13C NMR spectroscopy resulted in greatly expanded understanding of the chemical and steric features of polyolefins and alkene copolymers. These developments require a new review of all aspects of alkene polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts. The first chapter in the book is an introductory text for researchers who are entering the field. It describes the basic principles of polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts, the types of catalysts, and commercially manufactured polyolefins. The next chapter addresses the principal issue of alkene polymerization catalysis: the existence of catalyst systems with single and multiple types of active centers. The subsequent chapters are devoted to chemistry and stereochemistry of elemental reaction steps, structures of catalyst precursors and reactions leading to the formation of active centers, kinetics of polymerization reactions, and their mechanisms.The book describes the latest commercial polymerization catalysts for the synthesis of polyethylenes and polypropylene The book provides a detailed description of the multi-center nature of commercial Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The book devotes specialized chapters to the most important aspects of transition metal polymerization catalysts: the reactions leading to the formation of active centers, the chemistry and stereochemistry of elemental polymerization steps, reaction kinetics, and the polymerization mechanism. The book contains an introductory chapter for researchers who are entering the field of polymerization catalysis. It describes the basic principles of polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts and the types of commercially manufactured polyolefins and copolymersThe book contains over 2000 references, the most recent up to end of 2006.

Download or read book Structural and Chemical Modification of Late Transition Metal Olefin Polymerization Catalysts written by Christopher Steven Popeney and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Organometallic Reactions and Polymerization written by Kohtaro Osakada and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compilation provides advanced graduate students and researchers with a structured overview of olefin polymerization. Divided into eight chapters written by international experts, this book covers polymerization using various organotransition-metal catalysts, including early and late transition metal complexes, new trends in olefin oligomerization and related reactions. All authors address the historic and scientific backgrounds of the field as well as current research progress and potential for further research. The complete book is designed to present eight independent lectures and, because all authors are well versed in organometallic chemistry, each is based on a profound understanding of the reactions and structures of organotransition metal complexes. This book is an ideal accompaniment for researchers taking courses in olefin polymerization and also serves as a valuable resource for teachers and lecturers of chemistry when planning and researching material for advanced lecture courses.

Download or read book Olefin Polymerization by Late Transition Metal Complexes written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Beyond Metallocenes written by Abhimanyu O. Patil and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 15 years have witnessed tremendous advances in the design and use of organometallic complexes as precatalysts for olefin polymerization. Most recently, an intense search has been started in next-generation single-site catalysts. New approaches have been taken to ligand design. This research has yielded extraordinary results such as catalysts with activities as high or higher than those of conventional metallocenes, stereospecific and living polymerizations, and amazing new polymer structures such as highly-branched ethylene homopolymers. This volume presents some of the recent disclosures in this exciting and rapidly expanding field, featuring papers by some of the leading investigators.

Download or read book Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerizations written by Roderic P. Quirk and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1983 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Synthesis Structure and Reactions of New Chiral Late Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts written by Adnan M. Salim Abu-Surrah and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Homogeneous Transition metal Catalysis written by Christopher Masters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soluble catalysts are used extensively in many branches of chemistry and are indeed a vital constituent of many natural processes. They find wide application throughout the chemical industry where they assist in the production of several million tonnes of chemicals each year. Since homogeneous systems, especially those incorporating transition metals, often function effectively under milder conditions than their heterogeneous counterparts, they are becoming increasingly important at a time when the chemical industry in particular, and society in general, is seeking ways of conserving energy and of making the best possible use of available resources. My principal objective in- writing this book is to engender sufficient enthusiasm for, and knowledge of, the subject in the reader that he or she will be encouraged to begin, or continue, to make their own contribution to advancing our knowledge of homogeneous catalysis. After attempting to acquaint the reader with some of the ground rules I have tried to describe the present scope, and the future potential, of this fascinating field of chemistry by drawing both on academic and on industrial data sources. This approach stems from a personal conviction that future progress could be considerably hastened by a more meaningful dialogue between chemists working both in industrial and in academic research institutions. Wherever possible, examples of the commercial application of homogeneous catalyst systems have been included and no attempt has been made in any way to disguise the many unresolved questions and exciting challenges which still pervade this rapidly developing area.

Download or read book Design of Nanoscale Polymeric Materials With Transition Metal Catalysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ARO grant provided partial support to the research efforts in PI's laboratory on development of highly efficient catalytic syntheses of polymeric materials having complex topologies and functionalities from simple commercial olefinic monomers. In the past three years, we have made significant progress in both developing new polymeric materials and designing new catalysts. Specifically, the following accomplishments were achieved in this laboratory: (1) successfully demonstrated a new strategy of one-pot synthesis of hyperbranched polymers via direct free radical polymerization of commercial divinyl monomers by using a cobalt chain transfer catalyst; (2) developed a highly efficient one-pot synthesis of amphiphilic dendritic molecular nanocarriers that can be used for drug delivery and scaffold for multivalent ligands; (3) developed new NAP based and bisazaferrocene ligands for late transition metal polymerization catalysts; and (4) developed a novel family of cyclophane-based late transition metal complexes that are highly active and stable catalysts for olefin polymerization.

Download or read book Polymerization of Ethylene with Supported Early and Late Transition Metal Catalysts written by Yiyoung Choi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single-site catalysts revolutionized the polyolefin manufacturing industry and research with their ability to make polymers with uniform microstructural properties. Several of these catalysts are currently used commercially to produce commodity and differentiated-commodity resins. The key to their rapid success and industrial implementation resides in the fact that they can be used without major modifications in the polymerization reactors that previously used heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta and Phillips catalysts. Since most of these industrial processes use slurry or gas-phase reactors, soluble single-site catalysts must be supported on adequate carriers that ensure not only high activity, but also the formation of polymer particles with the proper morphology and bulk densities. Metallocene catalysts have been supported on a variety of carriers, but supporting late transition metal catalysts has not been investigated in detail, despite their very interesting properties such as tolerance to polar comonomers and impurities, activity in the absence of MAO, and the formation of short chain branches by the chain walking mechanism. The research work of this PhD thesis intends to fill this gap, by developing supported late transition metal catalysts with high catalyst activities towards ethylene polymerization and good polymer particle morphology.