Download or read book Laser Based Measurements of Temperatures with CARS in the Ris Furnace Coherent Anti Stokes Raman Scattering written by F. W. Cortzen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Laser Diagnostics for Combustion Temperature and Species written by Alan C. Eckbreth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-10-10 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on spectroscopically-based, spatially-precise, laser techniques for temperature and chemical composition measurements in reacting and non-reacting flows, this book makes these powerful and important new tools in combustion research

Download or read book A Simplified CARS Measurement System for Rapid Determination of Temperature and Oxygen Concentration written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Laser Based Measurements of Temperatures with CARS in TheRis furnace written by F. W. Cortzen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation of the Feasibility of CARS Measurements in Scramjet Combustion written by J. A. Shirley and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Accurate Measurements of Combustion Species Concentrations Using CARS Coherent Antistokes Raman Scattering written by R. L. Farrow and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present results of research at the Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Lab., on improving the capabilities of coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) for species concentration measurements in combustion gases. Scanning CARS experiments based on single- and multi-mode Nd:YAG lasers, and on pulse-amplified and conventional pulsed dye lasers have been used to evaluate an in situ normalization technique, to measure Raman linewidths in flames, and to determine nonresonant electronic susceptibilities. We discuss experimental and theoretical considerations affecting concentration measurement accuracy.

Download or read book CARS Coherent Antistokes Raman Scattering Thermometry for Low and High Pressure Combustion Systems written by Douglas A. Greenhalgh and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the theory and application of broadband CARS spectroscopy for ambient (low) and high pressure combustion thermometry. The accuracy of broadband CARS is assessed from 300-3500 Kelvin for pressures around 1 bar, and from 300-700 Kelvin for pressures from 1-20 bar. The use of CARS thermometry for both 'average' and 'instantaneous' measurements is discussed. Systematic accuracy strongly depends on the quality of the spectral model used in the CARS data analysis step, CARS spectral modelling methods are discussed. Instantaneous CARS accuracy is importantly influenced by noise arising in both the broadband dye laser and the multichannel detector. Both of these factors and their relative influences are assessed. Application of CARS thermometry is illustrated by application to both in-cylinder studies of an operating production i.c. petrol engine and to turbulent combustion in an oil-fired 30 kilowatt furnace.

Download or read book A Simplified Cars Measurement System for Rapid Determination of Temperature and Oxygen Concentration written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new spectroscopic concept for the rapid determination of temperature and oxygen concentration by CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy) was described. The ratio of two spectral regions in the broadband Q-branch spectrum was detected by photomultipliers in a monochromator, which ratio depends on temperature and species concentration. The comparison of the measured data with theory was made using a flat flame burner and an electric furnace, with reasonable results. Various optical techniques for alignment were introduced including a highly efficient, stable dye oscillator. The combination of the spectroscopic concept and the optical techniques will make the CARS measurement system rapid in data processing and simple in optical parts. Fujii, Shoichi Langley Research Center NASA-TM-100498, NAS 1.15:100498 RTOP 505-62-81-03...

Download or read book Laser Diagnostic Analyses of Sooting Flames written by G. M. Dobbs and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature distribution and soot particle size distributions have been measured in axisymmetric, laminar, diffusion flames in order to provide the basis for modelling the influence of fuel structure and temperature on soot formation. This document is the final report and management summary for the joint activities of UTRC and Princeton University. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) was used for non-intrusive determination of temperature. Soot particle size and number densities were determined by Mie scattering. The experimental results were then applied to current models of soot formation in an effort to determine the physical and chemical basis for fuel structure and temperature effects on soot formation in diffusion flames. In the course of this first application of CARS and Mie diagnostics to diffusion flames, a large number of questions was raised in regard to the structure of particulate-laden diffusion flames. Measured distributions were compared with a numerical flame-sheet model. Originator-supplied key words include: Soot formation, Diffusion flames, Flame structure, Temperatures in diffusion flames, CARS temperature measurement.

Download or read book Laser Heated High Density Fluids Probed by Coherent Anti Stokes Raman Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We describe an integrated experimental method of Coherent Antistoke Raman Spectroscopy (CARS), laser-heating and diamond-anvil cell (DAC) technologies probing molecular vibrations of transparent molecular fluids at the pressure-temperature conditions of energetic detonation and Giant planetary interiors. In this method, we use a microfabricated metal toroid to conductively heat a surrounding transparent sample in a DAC, using a CW Nd:YLF laser. The laser is operated at a TEM{sub 01*} mode to match the shape of the toroid and thus produces a uniform heating area. The CARS probe utilizes two pulsed lasers with similar cavity lengths: a commercial narrow-band mode-locked Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and a home-built broadband dye laser. A strong CARS signal is then produced from the sample in the central region of laser-heated metal toroid where the two laser pulses spatially and temporally coincide. In this paper, we will demonstrate that this technique is capable of producing high quality vibrational spectra from nitrogen fluid above 2000 K and 13 GPa, where the application of spontaneous Raman spectroscopy is limited because of intense thermal radiation.

Download or read book Laser Spectroscopy of Propellant Like Flames written by Richard A. Beyer and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The laser-based techniques Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) and Spontaneous Raman Scattering have been applied to studies of the detailed chemistry of premixed flames. The status of this research effort and its future goals in gun propulsion research are discussed. (Author).

Download or read book Laser Optics Combustion Diagnostics written by L. P. Goss and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) instruments have been developed for simultaneous measurement of temperature and species concentrations in turbulent-diffusion, sooty hydrocarbon flames. Contour maps of average temperature, rms temperature, average concentration, and rms concentration have been obtained on a laboratory-scale burner. Simultaneous N2 and O2 measurements by the CARS technique were made with a dual-dye-laser setup. A combination of the laboratory CARS system and a laser-Doppler-velocimetry (LVD) system was completed and tested on a Busen-burner premixed flame. Measurements indicated that simultaneously obtained velocity and temperature data were Favre averaged due to density weighting of the seed particles. Temperature-velocity correlations were obtained and compared to literature values on similar burners obtained with a combined fine-wire thermocouple and LDV. Normal-gradient and counter-gradient transport were observed in the premixed flame. An environmentally hardened CARS system was developed and employed to measure temperatures in the near-wake recirculating-flow region of a bluff-body-stabilized diffusion flame. Time-averaged temperature profiles and probability distribution functions were obtained and interpreted in terms of flow-field characteristics. A comparison of temperature data obtained by means of the CARS technique and using three thermocouples of different design was made. This comparison indicated that the physical design of the thermocouple probe is important and may influence the flow and, thus, the temperature.

Download or read book Gas Engineering written by James G. Speight and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-05-08 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 3rd volume of 'Gas Engineering' introduces the concept of liquefied natural gas and the concept gas-to-liquids and also presents a review of the uses of gas streams and the effects of the various gases on the environment. This volume also describes the properties gas streams as they are related to corrosion effects are also presented. The relationship of the properties of gas streams as they affect corrosion such as carburization and metal dusting as well as corrosion in steel and other materials used in refinery technology are also presented and the book summarizes key findings into corrosion processes in gas-processing equipment as well as corrosion in offshore structures. Each book contains references at the end of chapter which include information from the open literature and meeting proceedings to give a picture of where the gas processing technology stands as well as indicate some relatively new technologies that could become important in the future. Also, each book also contains a comprehensive glossary. The books are written in an easy-to-read style and offer a ready-at-hand (one-stop-shopping) guide to the many issues that are related to the engineering aspects of the properties and processing of natural gas as well as the effects of natural gas on various ecosystems as well as to pollutant mitigation and clean-up. The books present an overview, with a considerable degree of detail of the various aspects of natural gas technology. Any chemistry presented in the books is used as a means of explanation of a particular point but is maintained at an elementary level.

Download or read book Analysis of Lean Premixed Turbulent Combustion Using Coherent Anti stokes Raman Spectroscopy Temperature Measurements written by Daniel V. Flores and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Laser Diagnostics for High Pressure Combustion written by David Escofet-Martin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser diagnostics have been a staple for experimental combustion research as a modern tool to evaluate high temperature reacting flow environments and to contribute to the fundamental knowledge needed for improving our current combustion systems in a non-intrusive way; they also represent an essential tool for validating computational models. High pressure diagnostics are of particular importance due to the fact that the majority of practical combustion systems operate at high pressure, involving increased challenges in the measurements. The current work examines a variety of linear and non-linear light/matter interaction processes (Raman, fluorescence, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy or CARS) with the goal of measuring the temperature, pressure, and spatial distribution of important reacting flow species. The specific techniques involving OH planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF), two-line OH PLIF thermometry, two-photon CO PLIF, nanosecond vibrational CARS and hybrid femtosecond/picosecond rotational CARS are all demonstrated at atmospheric pressure using a non-premixed coflow impinging jet as a study flame and examined in detail under high pressure conditions (up to 12 bar) as a coflow flame and in a calibration high pressure vessel; the implications of pressure are discussed in detail in the linear and non-linear techniques. The high pressure experimental data set shows soot laser induced incandescence (LII) as a source of interference for high pressure LIF in non-premixed flames, good agreement with 3 different chemical mechanisms, in particular at high pressure, between an OpenFOAM simulated fluorescence and the experimental pressure dependent data regarding both the spatial distribution of the OH molecule and the overall number of $OH$ molecules interacting with the excitation source. Chirp is identified as a critical parameter when using a second harmonic bandwidth compressor in the hybrid fs/ps CARS configuration, and the chirped CARS signal depends strongly on probe delay in N2 experiments. High quality high pressure data can be achieved once chirp influence has been quantified accurately. Together the combination of diagnostics studied provide insights into high pressure laser diagnostics challenges beyond what is currently available.

Download or read book Hybrid Fs ps Rotational CARS Temperature and Oxygen Measurements in the Product Gases of Canonical Flat Flames written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hybrid fs/ps pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) scheme is systematically evaluated over a wide range of flame conditions in the product gases of two canonical flat-flame burners. Near-transform-limited, broadband femtosecond pump and Stokes pulses impulsively prepare a rotational Raman coherence, which is later probed using a high-energy, frequency-narrow picosecond beam generated by the second-harmonic bandwidth compression scheme that has recently been demonstrated for rotational CARS generation in H2/air flat flames. The measured spectra are free of collision effects and nonresonant background and can be obtained on a single-shot basis at 1 kHz. The technique is evaluated for temperature/oxygen measurements in near-adiabatic H2/air flames stabilized on the Hencken burner for equivalence ratios of [phi] = 0.20-1.20. Thermometry is demonstrated in hydrocarbon/air products for [phi] = 0.75-3.14 in premixed C2H4/air flat flames on the McKenna burner. Reliable spectral fitting is demonstrated for both shot-averaged and single-laser-shot data using a simple phenomenological model. Measurement accuracy is benchmarked by comparison to adiabatic-equilibrium calculations for the H2/air flames, and by comparison with nanosecond CARS measurements for the C2H4/air flames. Quantitative accuracy comparable to nanosecond rotational CARS measurements is observed, while the observed precision in both the temperature and oxygen data is extraordinarily high, exceeding nanosecond CARS, and on par with the best published thermometric precision by femtosecond vibrational CARS in flames, and rotational femtosecond CARS at low temperature. Threshold levels of signal-to-noise ratio to achieve 1-2% precision in temperature and O2/N2 ratio are identified. Our results show that pure-rotational fs/ps CARS is a robust and quantitative tool when applied across a wide range of flame conditions spanning lean H2/air combustion to fuel-rich sooting hydrocarbon flames.

Download or read book Diagnostic Development for Determining the Joint Temperature written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A joint temperature/soot laser-based optical diagnostic was developed for the determination of the joint temperature/soot probability density function (PDF) for hydrocarbon-fueled meter-scale turbulent pool fires. This Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) effort was in support of the Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) program which seeks to produce computational models for the simulation of fire environments for risk assessment and analysis. The development of this laser-based optical diagnostic is motivated by the need for highly-resolved spatio-temporal information for which traditional diagnostic probes, such as thermocouples, are ill-suited. The in-flame gas temperature is determined from the shape of the nitrogen Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) signature and the soot volume fraction is extracted from the intensity of the Laser-Induced Incandescence (LII) image of the CARS probed region. The current state of the diagnostic will be discussed including the uncertainty and physical limits of the measurements as well as the future applications of this probe.