Download or read book L apprentissage implicite chez les enfants et les adolescents avec retard mental written by Christelle Detable and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cette thèse montre la préservation des capacités d'apprentissage implicite d'une population avec retard mental (RM) au moyen de la procédure du paramètre neutre. Le comportement étudié est basé sur la modification du principe de production de cercles (le SRP). Nos résultats confirment les postulats de robustesse de l'apprentissage implicite au regard de l'âge, du degré de RM et de son étiologie. Les impacts d'apprentissage implicite immédiat et différé sont similaires chez les enfants et adolescents avec RM léger et moyen, et leurs pairs tout-venant. Ces impacts sont aussi robustes en situation de double tâche, où l'attention est partagée. Cette population avec RM montre différents patterns de résultats selon les processus attentionnels évalués. La dissociation observée chez les sujets avec RM, entre les performances implicite et explicite, montre une supériorité de l'apprentissage implicite. Les processus d'apprentissage implicite devraient gagner à être exploités auprès de ces sujets.

Download or read book L apprentissage implicite d une grammaire artificielle chez l enfant avec et sans retard mental written by Arnaud Witt and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cette thèse investigue l'apprentissage implicite d'une grammaire artificielle chez l'enfant avec et sans retard mental à travers le rôle des propriétés de surface du matériel (répétitions adjacentes ou non-adjacentes) et l'influence des instructions en phase test (tests de génération implicite ou explicite). Un des objectifs est de départager quatre des principaux modèles de l'apprentissage implicite en examinant la sensibilité aux propriétés de surface saillantes du matériel présenté à des enfants d'âges différents. La robustesse des capacités d'apprentissage implicite face au développement et au niveau intellectuel est également testée en rapport avec la perméabilité des instructions en phase test aux influences explicites. Enfin, ces travaux étudient l'appréhension des stimuli d'entraînement et l'adaptation comportementale progressive en fonction de l'âge des sujets et des caractéristiques perceptives et statistiques du matériel. Les résultats révèlent une sensibilité aux propriétés de surface spécifiques aux séquences d'entraînement plutôt qu'à la structure grammaticale à partir de laquelle elles ont été construites. Les Expériences 1 et 3 montrent que l'apprentissage est invariant face à l'âge et au niveau intellectuel lorsque les consignes limitent les contaminations explicites. En revanche, malgré une phase d'apprentissage identique aux Expériences 1 et 3, les Expériences 2 et 4 indiquent l'émergence d'effets d'âge et une altération des performances chez les enfants présentant un retard mental, lorsque les instructions délivrées en test sollicitent des processus intentionnels de récupération de l'information. L'Expérience 5 montre que différents types de saillances (perceptive, positionnelle et statistique) guident l'appréhension du matériel lors de la phase d'étude et ce, de manière concurrentielle, avant de conduire à la formation progressive d'unités plus complexes. Cette thèse apporte des éléments en faveur d'un apprentissage spécifique des stimuli, basé sur le traitement attentionnel de leurs propriétés de surface et la mise en œuvre de mécanismes associatifs de base. Elle confirme également les postulats de robustesse propres aux processus implicites et précise les précautions méthodologiques nécessaires à l'étude des capacités d'apprentissage implicite, telles que la neutralité des procédures aux influences explicites ou l'emploi d'un groupe contrôle.

Download or read book American Journal of Mental Retardation written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes the association's conference proceedings and addresses.

Download or read book D couvrir la d ficience intellectuelle written by Normand Leblanc and published by Editions Cursus Universitaires. This book was released on 2018 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Cet ouvrage s'adresse autant aux étudiants et intervenants de première ligne des domaines de l'éducation, de la rééducation, de la santé, des services de garde, qu'aux parents qui reçoivent ce diagnostic pour leur enfant, ainsi qu'à tous ceux qui sont intéressés ou dévoués au développement de la personne. Le but des auteurs est de rendre plus facile le parcours des parents et celui des divers intervenants, de restaurer leurs sentiments de compétence trop facilement ébranlés et de faciliter l'intervention éducative et ré-éducative qui échoit à chacun."--Page 4 de la couverture.

Download or read book Etude de l apprentissage implicite et des diff rences individuelles chez les jeunes enfants au moyen de la proc dure du param tre neutre written by Audrey Boyer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Des particularit s de l apprentissage implicite written by Aurélie Simoës-Perlant and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'apprentissage implicite correspond aux connaissances que nous développons à notre insu et sans être capables de les verbaliser. Ce type d'apprentissage tend aujourd'hui encore à être considéré comme un phénomène général ou universel, indépendant des caractéristiques du sujet ou de l'environnement. Toutefois, les quelques études menées dans le champ de l'apprentissage implicite auprès de sujets présentant des troubles du langage écrit ont abouti à des résultats qui méritent d'être discutés. En effet, alors que certaines études concluent à une préservation des capacités d'apprentissage implicite dans cette population, d'autres, au contraire, ont montré l'inefficience de ce type d'apprentissage. L'analyse des méthodologies utilisées dans ces études permet de formuler l'hypothèse d'une spécificité de l'apprentissage implicite, processus pouvant être affecté par l'interaction entre les caractéristiques spécifiques des individus et la nature du matériel expérimental auquel ils sont soumis. Cette thèse présente un ensemble de travaux étudiant les particularités de l'apprentissage implicite de séquence chez l'enfant d'âge, de niveau intellectuel et de niveau d'expérience de l'écrit différents. Grâce à la création d'une tâche de temps de réaction séquentiel, paradigme fréquemment utilisé pour la mesure de l'apprentissage implicite de séquence, nous souhaitons souligner l'impact du matériel plus ou moins linguistique à pister sur les capacités d'apprentissage implicite de séquence des sujets avec ou sans problèmes spécifiques d'accès au langage écrit. Une première étude a permis de valider le matériel expérimental. Cette étude a été suivie de deux autres recherches, testant l'indépendance de l'apprentissage implicite de séquence par rapport à l'âge et au niveau intellectuel des sujets. Ces études ont apporté des éléments de discussion à la question de la spécificité des capacités d'apprentissage implicite, capacités pouvant être dépendantes de la nature de la tâche proposée. Les dernières études de cette thèse ont été menées avec l'utilisation d'une extension de la tâche de temps de réaction séquentiel utilisée jusqu'alors, permettant de tester l'indépendance de l'apprentissage implicite par rapport aux troubles de la lecture. Cette dernière série d'études, menées auprès d'enfants normo-lecteurs et dyslexiques, a mis en évidence un déficit dans la mise en place des capacités d'apprentissage implicite de séquence chez l'enfant dyslexique lorsque celui-ci est soumis au pistage de certaines cibles linguistiques. Il semblerait que le coût attentionnel généré par le traitement de la cible à pister en tâche de temps de réaction séquentiel ait un impact défavorable sur la mise en évidence d'un apprentissage implicite chez des enfants présentant des troubles d'acquisition du langage écrit. Ces résultats vont dans le sens d'une spécificité de l'apprentissage implicite.

Download or read book The Neuropsychology of Autism written by Deborah Fein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-09 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neuropsychology of Autism provides an up-to-date summary on the neuropsychology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), written by leaders in the field. It summarizes current knowledge about neurochemistry, neuroanatomy, genetics, and clinical presentations and provides helpful discussions on key functions such as language, memory, attention, executive functions, social cognition, motor and sensory functioning.

Download or read book Your Mindful Compass written by Andrea Maloney Schara and published by . This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Your Mindful Compass" takes us behind the emotional curtain to see the mechanisms regulating individuals in social systems. There is great comfort and wisdom in knowing we can increase our awareness to manage the swift and ancient mechanisms of social control. We can gain greater flexibility by seeing how social controls work in systems from ants to humans. To be less controlled by others, we learn how emotional systems influence our relationship-oriented brain. People want to know what goes on in families that give rise to amazing leaders and/or terrorists. For the first time in history we can understand the systems in which we live. The social sciences have been accumulating knowledge since the early fifties as to how we are regulated by others. S. Milgram, S. Ashe, P. Zimbardo and J. Calhoun, detail the vulnerability to being duped and deceived and the difficulty of cooperating when values differ. Murray Bowen, M.D., the first researcher to observe several live-in families, for up to three years, at the National Institute of Mental Health. Describing how family members overly influence one another and distribute stress unevenly, Bowen described both how symptoms and family leaders emerge in highly stressed families. Our brain is not organized to automatically perceive that each family has an emotional system, fine-tuned by evolution and "valuing" its survival as a whole, as much as the survival of any individual. It is easier to see this emotional system function in ants or mice but not in humans. The emotional system is organized to snooker us humans: encouraging us to take sides, run away from others, to pressure others, to get sick, to blame others, and to have great difficulty in seeing our part in problems. It is hard to see that we become anxious, stressed out and even that we are difficult to deal with. But "thinking systems" can open the doors of perception, allowing us to experience the world in a different way. This book offers both coaching ideas and stories from leaders as to strategies to break out from social control by de-triangling, using paradoxes, reversals and other types of interruptions of highly linked emotional processes. Time is needed to think clearly about the automatic nature of the two against one triangle. Time and experience is required as we learn strategies to put two people together and get self outside the control of the system. In addition, it takes time to clarify and define one's principles, to know what "I" will or will not do and to be able to take a stand with others with whom we are very involved. The good news is that systems' thinking is possible for anyone. It is always possible for an individual to understand feelings and to integrate them with their more rational brains. In so doing, an individual increases his or her ability to communicate despite misunderstandings or even rejection from important others. The effort involved in creating your Mindful Compass enables us to perceive the relationship system without experiencing it's threats. The four points on the Mindful Compass are: 1) Action for Self, 2) Resistance to Forward Progress, 3) Knowledge of Social Systems and the 4) The Ability to Stand Alone. Each gives us a view of the process one enters when making an effort to define a self and build an emotional backbone. It is not easy to find our way through the social jungle. The ability to know emotional systems well enough to take a position for self and to become more differentiated is part of the natural way humans cope with pressure. Now people can use available knowledge to build an emotional backbone, by thoughtfully altering their part in the relationship system. No one knows how far one can go by making an effort to be more of a self-defined individual in relationships to others. Through increasing emotional maturity, we can find greater individual freedom at the same time that we increase our ability to cooperate and to be close to others.

Download or read book Attention and Performance XV written by Carlo Umiltà and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade, evidence of dissociation between conscious and nonconscious information processing has emerged from the study of normal subjects and brain damaged patients. The thirty-five original contributions in this book cover the latest work on this important topic. During the past decade, evidence of dissociation between conscious and nonconscious information processing has emerged from the study of normal subjects and brain damaged patients. The thirty-five original contributions in this book cover the latest work on this important topic across such traditional areas of research as vision, face recognition, spatial attention, control processes, semantic memory, episodic memory, and learning. Each section is introduced by an overview chapter that presents and evaluates the available empirical evidence in a given area and is followed by several experimental papers. The book opens with the Association Lecture, by George Mandler, "On Remembering without Really Trying: Hypermnesia, Incubation, and Mind Popping."

Download or read book Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Sam Goldstein and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2018-02-12 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative resource, now thoroughly revised for DSM-5, has set the standard for the comprehensive assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Leading experts demonstrate how to craft a scientifically grounded profile of each child’s strengths and difficulties, make a formal diagnosis, and use assessment data to guide individualized intervention in clinical and school settings. Chapters review state-of-the-art instruments and approaches for evaluating specific areas of impairment in ASD and co-occurring emotional and behavioral disorders. Considerations in working with children of different ages are highlighted. With a primary focus on children, several chapters also address assessment of adolescents and adults. New to This Edition *Chapter on key implications of DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, plus related updates throughout the volume. *Chapter on advances in early identification (ages 0–3). *Chapter with in-depth case examples illustrating the evaluation decision-making process and common diagnostic challenges. *Chapters on pseudoscience (including strategies for advising parents) and future directions in the field. *Current assessment data, numerous new and revised measures, and cutting-edge screening approaches.

Download or read book Gender Matters written by Dennis van der Veur and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "'Gender Matters' is a manual aimed to assist educators and youth leaders work on issues of gender and gender-based violence with young people. This publication presents theoretical information, methods and resources for education and training activities, along with concrete exercises that users can put into practice in their daily work. Violence is a serious issue which directly affects the lives of many young people. It often results in lasting damage to their well-being and integrity, putting even their lives at risk. Gender-based violence, including violence against women, remains a key human rights challenge in contemporary Europe and in the world. Working with young people on human rights education is one way of preventing gender-based violence from occurring. By raising awareness on why and how it manifests and exploring its impact on people and in society, gender-based violence will no longer go undetected. Gender really does matter, to women, to men, to young people - to all of us. This manual serves to explore these human rights issues and act upon them."--Book jacket.

Download or read book Speed Management written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-10-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speeding is the number one road safety problem in a large number of OECD/ECMT countries. It is responsible for around one third of the current, unacceptably high levels of road fatalities. Speeding has an impact not only on accidents but also on the ...

Download or read book Anthropology and Child Development written by Robert A. LeVine and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-11 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unprecedented collection of articles is an introduction to the study of cultural variations in childhood across the world and to the theoretical frameworks for investigating and interpreting them. Presents a history of cross-cultural approaches to child-development Recent articles examine diverse contexts of childhood in ecological, semiotic, and sociolinguistic terms Includes ethnographic studies of childhood in the Pacific, Africa, Latin America, East Asia, Europe and North America Illuminates the process through which people become the bearers of culturally/historically specific identities Serves as an ideal text for anthropology courses focusing on childhood, as well as classes on development psychology

Download or read book Mechanisms of Implicit Learning written by Axel Cleeremans and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores unintentional learning from an information-processing perspective.

Download or read book Precursors of Functional Literacy written by Ludo Th Verhoeven and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this volume is to present recent research in the field of the acquisition of functional literacy and its precursors. The volume aims to capture the state of the art in this rapidly expanding field. An attempt is made to clarify the vague and often inconsistent definitions of functional literacy from the perspective of development. Cognitive, linguistic, educational, and social factors of literacy development are all taken into account. The volume consists of three subsequent parts. The first part goes into phonological precursors of literacy development. In this part the focus is on the development of early language precursors of of reading and writing. The cultural foundations of these precursors are explored, and their links with reading development are dealt with in detail. Different psycholinguistic approaches are also proposed to explain the occurrence of literacy problems. In the second part, the scope is on the constraints of reading and writing efficiency at the word level and beyond. The acquisition of reading and writing is seen as a result from the interaction between phonological, orthographic, and semantic processes. A crosslinguistic perspective is taken on the role of writing system factors in the acquisition of literacy skills. The final part deals with the role of social and educational factors in literacy acquisition. Starting from a crosscultural perspective, the central issue is how the attainment of functional literacy is dependent on sociocultural variation. The predictors of more advanced levels of literacy development are considered, including foreign language literacy and adult literacy.

Download or read book Narratives of fear and safety written by Kaisa Kaukiainen and published by BoD - Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this edited volume, written in English and French, tackle the intriguing problems of fear and safety by analysing their various meanings and manifestations in literature and other narrative media. The articles bring forth new, cross-cultural interpretations on fear and safety through examining what kinds of genre-specific means of world-making narratives use to express these two affectivities. The articles also show how important it is to study these themes in order to understand challenges in times of global threats, such as the climate crisis. The main themes of the book are approached from various theoretical perspectives as related to their literary and cultural representations. Recent trends in research, such as affect and risk theory, serve as the basis for the discussion. The articles in the volume also draw from disciplines such as gender studies and trauma studies to examine the threats posed by collective fears and aggression on individuals' lives and propose ways of coping with fear. These themes are addressed also in articles analysing new adaptations of old myths that retell stories of the past. Many of the articles in the volume discuss apocalyptic and dystopian narratives that currently permeate the entire cultural landscape. Dystopian narratives do not only deal with future threats, such as totalitarianism, technocracy, or environmental disasters, but also suggest alternative ways of being and new hopes in the form of political resistance.

Download or read book The Social and Life Skills Menu written by Karra M. Barber and published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a restaurant menu as a template, this book guides readers through each step of a conversation with starter statements to initiate conversation, main course topics to convey the purpose of the interaction, and treats that bring the exchange to a close.