Download or read book Khomeini S Warriors written by Mehran Riazaty and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes Ayatollah Khomeinis ideology, Irans official and unofficial armed forces, and its allies throughout the world and provides photographs of the regimes predominant actors. Since 1892, the Shia clergy has played a major role in Iran, such as the tobacco boycott, which led to the withdrawal of the concession given by the Shah to British citizens, Irans Constitutional Revolution of 1906, as well as organizing opposition to the Shahs policies in the 1979 revolution. Ayatollah Khomeini was a lecturer at Hawza Ilmiyya (Shia seminary of traditional Islamic school of higher learning) of Najaf and Qom for decades before he came on to the Iranian political scene. In 1977, Khomeini assumed the mantle of leadership within the Islamist opposition after the death of Ali Shariati, a leftist intellectual and one of the most influential Iranian Muslim thinkers of his generation. In 1930, Shariati contributed a new line of thinking in Iran, through his reinterpretation of jihad and shahadat (martyrdom), which was presented in his view of an authentic Islam. Shariatis new authentic Islam centered on a reinterpretation of the story of Karbala, where Imam Hussein was martyred in a battle, refusing to pledge allegiance to Yazid, the Umayyad caliph. Shariati borrowed the Christian concept of martyrdom from the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus as the basis of his new Islamic philosophy. Shariati wrote that when faced with the possibility of ones own death, one must adopt an attitude of freedom-toward-death and thereby experience authentic living. In 1978, Ayatollah Khomeinis reinterpretation of Shia rituals removed the borders between the audience and the actors, turning the entire country into a stage for his casting. He imbued the old passion of the story of Karbala with a new passionate hatred for the Shahs unjust rule in Iran, as well as Israels and the United Statess influences within the world. Khomeinis memory of Dr. Mohammed Mosaddegh, whose government was toppled by the CIA in 1953, returning the Shah to Iran, resulted in the rise of various political groups such as nationalists, liberals, secularists, and Marxists. These groups were essential in assisting Khomeinis overthrow of the Shah, though they were soon stomped out by the creation of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) in May 1979 in order to protect Khomeinis unique brand of a Shia Islamic Revolution. The Iran-Iraq War initiated the rapid expansion of the IRGCs size and capabilities. In September 1980, the IRGC had only 30,000 men in lightly armed units. Prior to the war, the IRGC personnel were very young in age and had little to no military experience. By the summer of 1981, the IRGC had organized basic training centers with experienced commanders and a select group of regular officers. They also had 50,000 members, and its strength would jump to 100,000 in 1983 and 250,000 in 1985. In order to meet all its manpower needs on the Iraq war front, the IRGC then turned to its volunteer militia, the Basij. The Basij members provided more troops than the IRGC could arm. The average Basij member came from Irans rural areas and can be described as poor, uneducated, and ranged in age from twelve to thirty years old. Like the IRGC, the Basij members are motivated by both religion and ideology. After the Iran-Iraq War, the IRGC focused on external threats as the Basij increased its involvement in domestic affairs. In past years, the Basij militia has been active in controlling public gatherings and disrupting demonstrations by civil or student activists.
Download or read book The Warriors Of Islam written by Kenneth Katzman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows that the revolutionary guard has resisted professionalization on the key aspect of war decision making. It explains how the Guard was able to resist ideological dilution despite its need to adopt a rationalized and complex organizational structure.
Download or read book Iran s Revolutionary Guard written by Steven K. O'Hern and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2012 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that the Iranian Revolutionary Guard poses a danger to the economy and well-being of the United States, citing its previous operations in the Middle East and Asia.
Download or read book Khomeini s the Little Green Book written by Ayatollah Khomeini and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-12-21 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Little Green Book is a collection of fatawah handed down by the most prominent and arguably one of the most influential Muslim clerics in modern history; the Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Ruhollah Mosavi Khomeini, commonly known as the Ayatollah Khomeini. Fatawah (the plural of fatwah) are Islamic religious decrees sent down by Muslim religious leaders. Since Islam demands that Muslims abide by Sharia - Islamic law as individuals and as a society, these fatawah are not simply religious insights or advice. They are legal pronouncements, and define the law of the land in an Islamic country. In his unrivaled role as Iran's Supreme Leader and the highest-ranking cleric for Shi'a Muslims, the Ayatollah Khomeini's fatawah guided the lives of more Shi'a Muslims than did any other Islamic leader throughout history
Download or read book Ayatollah Khomeini Through the Lens of the Iran Iraq War written by Meysam Tayebipour and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book clarifies Khomeini’s views on nationalism, sectarianism, and peace and war by putting the Iran-Iraq war at center of understanding of Khomeini’s ideology. Moreover, by making comparisons between Khomeini’s thoughts before and after the revolution with his words during the Iran-Iraq war, this book helps us see how his discourse during the conflict was shaped by such thoughts. Also, such a comparison helps us understand the complexities of Khomeini’s doctrines and their evolvements. Additionally, by offering a unique set of methodological tools, this book introduces a new way to study political leaders in Iran and other parts of the Middle East.
Download or read book Ethnography of Lamentation written by Safi Haider and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2021-03-11 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the Muharam practices of the Shi’i community in the Tri-State area, what it's practices are, and what the future of these practices are in the American milieu. It seeks to analyze through ethnography what each of the cultural communities are and how does this play out in the wider American Shi’i culture.
Download or read book The Position of Women from the Viewpoint of Imam Khomeini written by Ruhollah Khomeini and published by Alhoda UK. This book was released on 2001 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Critical Introduction to Khomeini written by Arshin Adib-Moghaddam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-17 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the architect of the Iranian Revolution of 1979, Ayatollah Khomeini remains one of the most inspirational and enigmatic figures of the twentieth century. The revolution placed Iran at the forefront of Middle East politics and the Islamic revival. Twenty years after his death, Khomeini is revered as a spiritual and political figurehead in Iran and in large swathes of the Islamic world, while in the West he is remembered by many as a dictator and the instigator of Islamist confrontation. Arshin Adib-Moghaddam brings together distinguished and emerging scholars in this comprehensive volume, which covers all aspects of Khomeini's life and critically examines Khomeini the politician, the philosopher, and the spiritual leader, while considering his legacy in Iran and further afield in other parts of the Islamic world and the West. Written by scholars from varying disciplines, the book will prove invaluable to students and general readers interested in the life and times of Khomeini and the politics that he inspired.
Download or read book Khomeinism written by Ervand Abrahamian and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1993-10-29 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author argues that the Ayatollah Khomeini and his Islamic movement should be seen as a form of Third World political populism - a radical but pragmatic middle-class movement that strives to enter, rather than reject, the modern age.
Download or read book Temperature Rising written by Nader Uskowi and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-11-09 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran is a country at war – in Syria, Iraq, and Yemen. The founder of the Islamic Republic, Ayatollah Khomeini, always told audiences that the revolution was not about Iran, but the whole region. To establish an arc of Shia influence across the Middle East, the Islamic Republic created the Quds Force, the extraterritorial branch of its Revolutionary Guards. Hundreds of thousands of Shia youths were recruited, trained, armed, and organized in militia groups across the region. The book tells the story of how the Quds Force and its Shia militias fought on the three fronts to advance the Islamic Republic’s militant interpretation of Shia Islam and create a contiguous land corridor linking Iran through Iraq to Syria, Lebanon, and the Israeli northern fronts. The Iran-led operations are creating enormous political and security challenges for the Sunni Arabs and all regional powers, creating further instabilities in an already turbulent Middle East, with specters of direct military conflicts looming, pitting Iran against the Arab states and Israel.
Download or read book We Were Warriors Once written by Jeffrey M. Freeman and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2010-07-27 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We Were Warriors Once is a military-political suspense novel. It chronicles the careers of four officers from the 1960s to the 1990s. Military promotions are based on an up-or-out systemyou either progress within specified time frames or you get left behind. Many officers who retire from their military careers at the Pentagon go through the revolving door and return in short order either as defense contract employees or civil servants. Not infrequently, they return to the same office where they worked before retiring. The same holds true for many political appointees. Men who once worked in Washington go off for a period to high-level assignments with defense contractors and return to influential positions in government. These revolving doors can sometimes have unintended negative consequences. President, and former five-star general, Dwight D. Eisenhowers warning against the power of the military-industrial complex is well known. However, that complex is actually tri-foldmilitary, industrial, and political. We Were Warriors Once incorporates revised editions of two previously published novels, Duty and Character and Wrong Enemy, Wrong War, with entirely new material that plumbs deeper into the defense contractors influence on national defense policies. The officers who wear the uniforms of the United States armed forces are by in large extraordinarily dedicated men and women. But in the profession of war, sometimes even the best are tempted at times to stray from the straight and narrow.
Download or read book Islamic Government written by Ayatullah Ruhullah Khomeini and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-02 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is one of the many Islamic publications distributed by Ahlulbayt Organization throughout the world in different languages with the aim of conveying the message of Islam to the people of the world.You may read this book carefully and should you be interested to have further study on such publications you can contact us through www.shia.es Naturally, if we find you to be a keen and energetic reader we shall give you a deserving response in sending you some other publications of this Organization.
Download or read book Sufi Warrior Saints written by Harry S. Neale and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03-24 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a thematic collection of hagiographical stories of Sufi saints, often referred to as friends of Gods. Despite the diverse wealth of Sufi works, much of the rich, global and centuries old literature of Sufi warrior-saints, has yet to be translated into English. Examining hagiographical depictions of Sufi mujahids, Neale corrects frequent misunderstandings of the term jihad in relation to Sufi thought and practice. Using Sufi hagiography, treatises, travel narratives and Muslim histories, each chapter comprises the lives of Sufi saints during significant historical events, from the Crusades to the Mongol Invasion and in regions ranging from Islamic Spain to North Africa and India. Using Persian and Arabic sources, this compendium of translated hagiographies gives us a sense of the range, themes and global dissemination of the Sufi literature on war and heroism.
Download or read book Globalizing Political Theory written by Smita A. Rahman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-02 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalizing Political Theory is guided by the need to understand political theory as deeply embedded in local networks of power, identity, and structure, and to examine how these networks converge and diverge with the global. With the help of this book, students of political theory no longer need to learn about ideas in a vacuum with little or no attention paid to how such ideas are responses to varying local political problems in different places, times, and contexts. Key features include: Central Conceptual Framework: Introducing readers to what it means to “globalize” political theory and to move beyond the traditional western canon and actively engage with a multiplicity of perspectives. Organization: Focused on key topics essential for an introductory class aimed at both globalizing political theory and showing how political theory itself is a globalizing activity. Themes: Colonialism and Empire; Gender and Sexuality; Religion and Secularism; Marxism, Socialism, and Globalization; Democracy and Protest; and Race, Ethnicity, and Indigeneity. Pedagogy: Each chapter features theoretical concepts and definitions, political and historical context, key authors and biographical context, textual evidence and exegesis from the foundational texts in that thematic area, a list of discussion questions, and a list of resources for further reading. Committed to a multiplicity of perspectives and an active engagement between the global and the local, Globalizing Political Theory connects directly with undergraduate and graduate-level courses in political theory, global political theory, and non-western political thought.
Download or read book Negotiating with Iran written by John W. Limbert and published by US Institute of Peace Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Limbert steps up with a pragmatic yet positive assessment of how to engage Iran. Through four detailed case studies of past successes and failures, he draws lessons for today's negotiators and outlines 14 principles to guide the American who finds himself in a negotiation--commercial, political, or other--with an Iranian counterpart.
Download or read book The Iran Iraq War written by Williamson Murray and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Iran-Iraq War is one of the largest, yet least documented conflicts in the history of the Middle East. Drawing from an extensive cache of captured Iraqi government records, this book is the first comprehensive military and strategic account of the war through the lens of the Iraqi regime and its senior military commanders. It explores the rationale and decision-making processes that drove the Iraqis as they grappled with challenges that, at times, threatened their existence. Beginning with the bizarre lack of planning by the Iraqis in their invasion of Iran, the authors reveal Saddam's desperate attempts to improve the competence of an officer corps that he had purged to safeguard its loyalty to his tyranny, and then to weather the storm of suicidal attacks by Iranian religious revolutionaries. This is a unique and important contribution to our understanding of the history of war and the contemporary Middle East.
Download or read book Between Warrior Brother and Veiled Sister written by Minoo Moallem and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2005-07-11 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is a stunning and original book. It will intervene in existing fields and discourses to change the way Islamic fundamentalism is viewed in the West."—Caren Kaplan, Associate Professor of Women and Gender Studies and Chair of Cultural Studies at the University of California Davis. "Between Warrior Brother and Veiled Sister is an original and venturesome piece of work. It is daring in its willingness to test just how far the definition of 'fundamentalism' might be extended in contemporary Iran. It sketches lucidly the gendered crises of identity that have emerged there in the wake of colonization/Europeanization and decolonization."—Parama Roy, Associate Professor of English at UC Riverside, author of Indian Traffic: Identities in Question in Colonial and Postcolonial India. "Between Warrior Brother and Veiled Sister is ground-breaking, enlightening, and challenges mainstream constructions of Islam as fanatic and backward. This book will similarly contribute to the writings on race and gender relations, religion and secularism, cultural nationalism, religious fundamentalism, and popular culture and visual media. The personal, biographical and visual examples are effective in making the more nuanced and complex theoretical arguments tangible and provocative. Exciting and innovative."—Ella Shohat, Professor of Cultural Studies, New York University
