Download or read book Iron Making During the Migration Period written by Vasco La Salvia and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2007 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work explores the contribution of the peoples of the Barbaricum to the shaping of early medieval technology in Europe, with a particular reference to iron-making. Within this general cultural framework, the case of Lombards is analyzed in more detail, tracing the way their iron-making technological heritage developed: first, during their settlement on the Lower Elbe (first centuries AD) characterized by a Western Germanic technical culture, then, in Central Europe (AD 3rd/4th-6th), where they came into contact with a Celtic and provincial Roman substratum, and finally in Italy (second half of AD 6th to 8th). At this stage, Lombard craftsmen, who possessed the full range of technical-artisanal skills of iron-production that were integral to western Germanic culture, would have come into contact with practitioners embodying the technical knowledge of the Mediterranean heritage. This encountering of material cultures seems to have resulted in reshaping of the entire economic structure of the peninsula.
Download or read book Tradition and Innovation in the History of Iron Making written by Girijā Pāṇḍe and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed articles; with reference to India and Sweden.
Download or read book The Migration Period between the Oder and the Vistula 2 vols written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 1108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of studies is the result of a six-year interdisciplinary research project undertaken by an international team, and constitutes a completely new approach to environmental, cultural and settlement changes around the mid-first millennium AD in Central Europe.
Download or read book The Scandinavians from the Vendel Period to the Tenth Century written by Judith Jesch and published by Boydell Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnographic studies trace the background to and impact of urbanisation and Christianisation, and the development of royal power, which stimulated the transition from the Viking age to the medieval period. Using the evidence of archaeology, poetry, legal texts and annals, this volume investigates the social, economic and symbolic structures of early Scandinavia at the time of the Viking expansion. The contributors provide an outlineethnography, covering dwellings and settlements, kinship and social relations, law, political structures and external relations, rural and urban economies, and the ideology of warfare. The topics are discussed through case-studies, illustrating the changing scholarly interpretations of this formative period in Scandinavian history. By addressing these key research questions, the contributions trace the background to and the impact of urbanisation and Christianisation, and the development of royal power, which stimulated the transition from the Viking age to the medieval period in Scandinavia. JUDITH JESCH is Professor in Viking Studies at the University of Nottingham. Contributors: LENA HOLMQUIST OLAUSSON, BENTE MAGNUS, E. VESTERGAARD, BIRGIT ARRHENIUS, STEFAN BRINK, LISE BENDER JORGENSEN, SVEND NIELSEN, FRANDS HERSCHEND, NIELS LUND, DAVID N. DUMVILLE, JUDITH JESCH, DENNIS H. GREEN.
Download or read book The Importance of Ironmaking written by Gert Magnusson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Underground Wealth of Nations written by Jeannette Graulau and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silver mining was a capitalist business long before the supposed origin of modern capitalism Hundreds of years before a sixteenth†‘century crisis in European agriculture led to the origins of capital, investment, and finance, the silver mining industry exhibited many of the features of modern capitalism. Silver mines were large†‘scale businesses that demanded large investments and steady cash flow, achieved by spreading that risk through fungible shares and creating legal structures to protect entrepreneurs from financial disaster. Jeannette Graulau argues that mining preceded agriculture as the first true capitalist enterprise of the modern world.
Download or read book The Migration Period Pre Viking Age and Viking Age in Estonia written by Andres Tvauri and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the society, economy, settlement, and culture of the territory of present-day Estonia in the period of ca AD 450-1050. This period is known in the Estonian archaeological chronology as the Migration Period, the Pre-Viking Age, and the Viking Age. This was an era of rapid change, by the end of which traditional Estonian peasant culture as it is known until the 19th century had developed. Whereas in Western Europe written sources from the second half of the first millennium AD herald the arrival of the Middle Ages, there is an almost complete absence of written information about the prevailing conditions and events that took place in the area of present-day Estonia. There are only remains of the farms and fortresses of that time beneath the earth, as well as cemeteries, overgrown field baulks and clearance cairns, and the large amount of excavated ancient objects or fragments thereof. Many aspects of prehistoric life cannot be researched because the source material is not extant and there is no hope of finding it. Moreover, many phenomena of human life do not generate archaeological source material. Thus our overall understanding of the Estonian Middle Iron Age and the Viking Age is inevitably fragmentary and superficial.
Download or read book Early Medieval Settlements written by Helena Hamerow and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an overview and synthesis of the extensive and rapidly growing body of archaeological evidence for early medieval buildings, settlements, farming, craft production, and trade among the rural communities of north-west Europe.
Download or read book The Continental Saxons from the Migration Period to the Tenth Century written by Dennis Howard Green and published by Boydell Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jural relations desumed from Carolingian capitularies show interesting connections to preceding customary norms, whilst the vicissitudes of the regional economy, based on agriculture and animal husbandry, from Roman to Migration and later periods are highlighted by the study of vegetable remains and pollen analysis."--Jacket.
Download or read book Viking Age Transformations written by Zanette T. Glørstad and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-12 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Viking Age was a period of profound change in Scandinavia. As kingdoms were established, Christianity became the encompassing ideological and cosmological framework and towns were formed. This book examines a central backdrop to these changes: the economic transformation of West Scandinavia. With a focus on the development of intensive and organized use of woodlands and alpine regions and domestic raw materials, together with the increasing standardization of products intended for long-distance trade, the volume sheds light on the emergence of a strong interconnectedness between remote rural areas and central markets. Viking-Age Transformations explores the connection between legal and economic practice, as the rural economy and monetary system developed in conjunction with nascent state power and the legal system. Thematically, the book is organized into sections addressing the nature and extent of trade in both marginal and centralized areas; production and the social, legal and economic aspects of exploiting natural resources and distributing products; and the various markets and sites of trade and consumption. A theoretically informed and empirically grounded collection that reveals the manner in which relationships of production and consumption transformed Scandinavian society with their influence on the legal and fiscal division of the landscape, this volume will appeal to scholars of archaeology, the history of trade and Viking studies.
Download or read book Tales of the Iron Bloomery written by Bernt Rundberget and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Tales of the Iron Bloomery Bernt Rundberget examines the ironmaking in southern Hedmark in Norway in the period AD 700-1300. Excavations show that this method is distinctive and geographically limited; this is expressed by the technology, organization, development and large-scale production. The ironmaking practice had its origins in increasing demands for iron, due to growth in urbanization, church power, kingship and mercantile networks. Rundberget’s main hypothesis is that iron became the economic basis for political developments, from chiefdom to kingdom. Iron extraction activity grew from the late Viking Age, throughout the early medieval period, before it came to a sudden collapse around AD 1300. This trend correlates with the rise and fall of the kingdom.
Download or read book The Early Anglo Saxon Kingdoms of Southern Britain AD 450 650 written by Sue Harrington and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Tribal Hidage, attributed to the 7th century, records the named groups and polities of early Anglo-Saxon England and the taxation tribute due from their lands and surpluses. Whilst providing some indication of relative wealth and its distribution, rather little can be deduced from the Hidage concerning the underlying economic and social realities of the communities documented. Sue Harrington and the late Martin Welch have adopted a new approach to these issues, based on archaeological information from 12,000 burials and 28,000 objects of the period AD 450_650. The nature, distribution and spatial relationships of settlement and burial evidence are examined over time against a background of the productive capabilities of the environment in which they are set, the availability of raw materials, evidence for metalworking and other industrial/craft activities, and communication and trade routes. This has enabled the identification of central areas of wealth that influenced places around them. Key within this period was the influence of the Franks who may have driven economic exploitation by building on the pre-existing Roman infrastructure of the south-east. Frankish material culture was as widespread as that of the Kentish people, whose wealth is evident in many well-furnished graves, but more nuanced approaches to wealth distribution are apparent further to the West, perhaps due to ongoing interaction with communities who maintained an essentially ïRomano-BritishÍ way of life.
Download or read book The Early Slavs written by Paul M. Barford and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The final chapter sets the early medieval developments into the perspective of the history and culture of modern Europe. A series of specially compiled maps chart the main cultural changes taking place over six centuries in this relatively unknown part of Europe."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Iron and Steel in Ancient Times written by Vagn Fabritius Buchwald and published by Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. This book was released on 2005 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ancient Scandinavia written by Theron Douglas Price and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ancient Scandinavia provides a comprehensive overview of the archaeological history of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
Download or read book Archaeobotanical studies of past plant cultivation in northern Europe written by Santeri Vanhanen and published by Barkhuis. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant cultivation has a long and successful history that is tightly linked to environmental and climate change, social development and to cultural traditions and diversity. This is true also for the high latitudes of northern Europe, where cultivation started thousands of years before the earliest written records. The long history of cultivation can be studied by archaeobotany, which is the study of ancient seeds, pollen and other plant remains found on archaeological sites. This book presents recent advances in North-European archaeobotany. It focuses on plant cultivation and brings together studies from different countries and research environments, both at universities and within contract archaeology. The studies cover the Nordic countries and adjacent parts of the Baltic countries and Russia, and they span more than 5,000 years of agricultural history, from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages. They highlight and discuss many different aspects of early agriculture, from the first introduction of cultivation, to crop choices, expansions and declines, climatic adaptation, and vegetable gardening.
Download or read book Vikings Across Boundaries written by Hanne Lovise Aannestad and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-26 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the changes that occurred during the Viking Age, as Scandinavian societies fell in line with the larger forces that dominated the Insular world and Continental Europe, absorbing the powerful symbiosis of Christianity and monarchy, adapting to the idea of royal lineage and supremacy, and developing a buzzing urbanism coupled with large-scale trade networks. Presenting research on the grand context of the Viking Age alongside localised studies, it contributes to the furthering of collaborations between local and ‘outsider’ research on the Viking Age. Through a diversity of approaches on the Viking homelands and the wider world of the Vikings, it offers studies of a range of phenomena, including urban and rural settlements; continuity in the use of places as well as new types of places specific to the Viking Age; the social significance of change; the construction and maintenance of social identity both within the ‘homelands’ and across large territories; ethnicity; and ideas of identity and the creation and recreation of identity both at home and abroad. As such, it will appeal to historians and archaeologists with interests in Viking-Age studies, as well as scholars of Scandinavian studies.
