Download or read book An Introduction to Smooth Muscle Mechanics 2nd Edition written by Chun Y. Seow and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition is an updated version of an introductory level textbook intended for students who are interested in understanding the mechanical properties of smooth muscle. Compared with skeletal and cardiac muscles, smooth muscle is the least understood in terms of its contraction mechanism and the structure of its contractile apparatus. Nevertheless, it is an important tissue that is vital in many organ functions, such as blood pressure control, intestinal peristalsis, and the emptying of the bladder. Dysfunction of the muscle has been implicated in many diseases such as high blood pressure, asthma, and overactive bladders. This is the only book-length treatment of functional models of a variety of smooth muscle behaviors with their corresponding mathematical descriptions, and offers an easy-to-follow, step-by-step mathematical derivation that will help students to appreciate the muscle cell as a fine-tuned aggregate of mechanisms governed by the fundamental laws of physics. In addition to providing a detailed description of the known subcellular structure and mechanical function of the contractile apparatus of smooth muscle, it also covers experimentation techniques, instrumentation, and data analysis. The book is a must-have information source for anyone interested in smooth muscle cell ultrastructure, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology.
Download or read book Introduction to Smooth Muscle Mechanics written by Chun y Seow and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-07 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an introductory level textbook for students who are interested in understanding mechanical properties of smooth muscle, a vital tissue that is instrumental in many organ functions such as blood pressure control, intestinal peristalsis, and emptying of a bladder. Dysfunction of the muscle has been implicated in many diseases such as high blood pressure, asthma, and overactive bladders. This is the first book-length treatment of functional models of a variety of smooth muscle behaviors with mathematical description. No prior knowledge of muscle physiology is required. An easy-to-follow, step-by-step mathematical derivation helps students to appreciate the muscle cell as a fine-tuned aggregate of mechanisms governed by fundamental laws of physics. This book is useful for students and researchers in life sciences who are interested in the basic mechanism of muscle contraction or who simply use the tissue as a tool in their investigation. Besides a detailed description of the known subcellular structure and mechanical function of the contractile apparatus of smooth muscle, it also covers experimentation techniques, instrumentation, and data analysis, a must-have information source for anyone interested in smooth muscle cell physiology.
Download or read book Cellular Aspects of Smooth Muscle Function written by C. Y. Kao and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-08-28 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smooth muscles line many internal organs and, in general, are involved in moving fluids and slurry around the body. They are controlled by the action of hormones, by nervous stimulation, and can be influenced by drugs. This 1997 book provides a review of our understanding of smooth muscle and integrates molecular, cellular and physiological information with tissue and anatomical studies. Well-known researchers have written chapters giving detailed reviews of our current knowledge of the biochemistry, pharmacology, physiology and anatomy of smooth muscle. In particular, they cover the seven most important areas of smooth muscle function including morphology, electrophysiology, mechanisms of electromechanical and pharmacomechanical coupling, calcium homeostasis, signal transduction, mechanics of contraction, and the contractile proteins. All those interested in muscular contraction will find this book worthwhile, whether they are biochemists, physiologists, or cell biologists.
Download or read book Anatomy Physiology written by Lindsay Biga and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A version of the OpenStax text
Download or read book Vascular Smooth Muscle Metabolic Ionic and Contractile Mechanisms written by M.F. III Crass and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vascular Smooth Muscle: Metabolic, Ionic, and Contractile Mechanisms addresses the vascular smooth muscle function by describing plasma lipoprotein structure, synthesis, and transport in relation to the concepts of altered vascular smooth muscle lipid metabolism leading to the genesis of atherosclerotic disease. This book is organized into six chapters and begins with an introduction to the complexities of energy metabolism and how metabolic events can be correlated with a simultaneous quantitative assessment of smooth muscle mechanics and the contractile machinery at the molecular level. The next two chapters offer the reader a view of smooth muscle membrane properties in terms of the distribution, transport, and metabolic control of electrolytes and specific aspects of ion conductance and electrical activity. This text also explains how smooth muscle cells regulate their contractile activity through regulation of calcium ion fluxes and the interaction, at the molecular level, of calcium ions with regulatory proteins associated with the contractile apparatus. Reference is made to the relation of possible anomalies in cellular or subcellular smooth muscle metabolic and/or ionic events to the bases of certain types of vascular disease. A chapter that examines the events leading to vascular pathology in the form of atherogenesis concludes the book. This book is intended for researchers and clinicians engaged in the study of smooth muscle and related areas.
Download or read book Muscle Cell and Tissue written by Kunihiro Sakuma and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength substantially impairs physical performance and quality of life. This book details some approaches to the treatment of muscle wasting. It also reviews novel applications against pulmonary arterial hypertension such as cell reprogramming and the use of anticancer drugs that induce programmed cell death. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the most prevalent cell types in blood vessels and serve critical regulatory roles. This publication also introduces mathematical models concerning the molecular mechanism and targets of cyclic guanosine 3'2,5'2-monophosphate (cGMP) in the contraction of VSMCs. This book will be of interest to professionals in clinical practice, medical and health care students, and researchers working in muscle-related fields of science.
Download or read book Smooth Muscle Contraction written by Newman L. Stephens and published by New York : M. Dekker. This book was released on 1984 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Skeletal Muscle Circulation written by Ronald J. Korthuis and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this treatise is to summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms for blood flow control to skeletal muscle under resting conditions, how perfusion is elevated (exercise hyperemia) to meet the increased demand for oxygen and other substrates during exercise, mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of regular physical activity on cardiovascular health, the regulation of transcapillary fluid filtration and protein flux across the microvascular exchange vessels, and the role of changes in the skeletal muscle circulation in pathologic states. Skeletal muscle is unique among organs in that its blood flow can change over a remarkably large range. Compared to blood flow at rest, muscle blood flow can increase by more than 20-fold on average during intense exercise, while perfusion of certain individual white muscles or portions of those muscles can increase by as much as 80-fold. This is compared to maximal increases of 4- to 6-fold in the coronary circulation during exercise. These increases in muscle perfusion are required to meet the enormous demands for oxygen and nutrients by the active muscles. Because of its large mass and the fact that skeletal muscles receive 25% of the cardiac output at rest, sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction in vessels supplying this tissue allows central hemodynamic variables (e.g., blood pressure) to be spared during stresses such as hypovolemic shock. Sympathetic vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle in such pathologic conditions also effectively shunts blood flow away from muscles to tissues that are more sensitive to reductions in their blood supply that might otherwise occur. Again, because of its large mass and percentage of cardiac output directed to skeletal muscle, alterations in blood vessel structure and function with chronic disease (e.g., hypertension) contribute significantly to the pathology of such disorders. Alterations in skeletal muscle vascular resistance and/or in the exchange properties of this vascular bed also modify transcapillary fluid filtration and solute movement across the microvascular barrier to influence muscle function and contribute to disease pathology. Finally, it is clear that exercise training induces an adaptive transformation to a protected phenotype in the vasculature supplying skeletal muscle and other tissues to promote overall cardiovascular health. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle and Its Vascular Supply / Regulation of Vascular Tone in Skeletal Muscle / Exercise Hyperemia and Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation During Muscular Activity / Microvascular Fluid and Solute Exchange in Skeletal Muscle / Skeletal Muscle Circulation in Aging and Disease States: Protective Effects of Exercise / References
Download or read book Smooth Muscle written by Edith Bülbring and published by Hodder Education. This book was released on 1981 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles written by Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2012-04-10 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Richly illustrated and presented in clear, concise language, Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles is an essential resource for those seeking advanced knowledge of muscle biomechanics. Written by leading experts Vladimir Zatsiorsky and Boris Prilutsky, the text is one of the few to look at muscle biomechanics in its entirety—from muscle fibers to muscle coordination—making it a unique contribution to the field. Using a blend of experimental evidence and mechanical models, Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles provides an explanation of whole muscle biomechanics at work in the body in motion. The book first addresses the mechanical behavior of single muscles—from the sarcomere level up to the entire muscle. The architecture of human muscle, the mechanical properties of tendons and passive muscles, the biomechanics of active muscles, and the force transmission and shock absorption aspects of muscle are explored in detail. Next, the various issues of muscle functioning during human motion are addressed. The transformation from muscle force to joint movements, two-joint muscle function, eccentric muscle action, and muscle coordination are analyzed. This advanced text assumes some knowledge of algebra and calculus; however, the emphasis is on understanding physical concepts. Higher-level computational descriptions are placed in special sections in the later chapters of the book, allowing those with a strong mathematical background to explore this material in more detail. Readers who choose to skip over these sections will find that the book still provides a strong conceptual understanding of advanced topics. Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles also contains numerous special features that facilitate readers’ comprehension of the topics presented. More than 300 illustrations and accompanying explanations provide an extensive visual representation of muscle biomechanics. Refresher sidebars offer brief reminders of mathematical and biomechanical concepts, and From the Literature sidebars present practical examples that illustrate the concepts under discussion. Chapter summaries and review questions provide an opportunity for reflection and self-testing, and reference lists at the end of each chapter provide a starting point for further study. Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles offers a thorough explanation of whole muscle biomechanics, bridging the gap between foundational biomechanics texts and scientific literature. With the information found in this text, readers can prepare themselves to better understand the latest in cutting-edge research. Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles is the third volume in the Biomechanics of Human Motion series. Advanced readers in human movement science gain a comprehensive understanding of the biomechanics of human motion as presented by one of the world’s foremost researchers on the subject, Dr. Vladimir Zatsiorsky. The series begins with Kinematics of Human Motion, which details human body positioning and movement in three dimensions; continues with Kinetics of Human Motion, which examines the forces that create body motion and their effects; and concludes with Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles, which explains the action of the biological motors that exert force and produce mechanical work during human movement.
Download or read book Skeletal Muscle Mechanics written by W. Herzog and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-10-03 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieses Teilgebiet der Biomechanik ist für Sportwissenschaftler und Physiologen von großer Bedeutung! Die umfassende, aktuelle Abhandlung der Skelettmuskelmechanik beschäftigt sich mit drei Themenkreisen: den Mechanismen der Skelettmuskelkontraktion, der Muskelfunktion in vivo und theoretischen Modellen der Muskelfunktion. Auch ein knapper historischer Abriß und ein Ausblick auf noch offene Fragen fehlen nicht. (08/00)
Download or read book Airway Smooth Muscle written by Devendra K. Agrawal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-10-24 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Airway smooth muscle plays a dominant role in bronchial asthma, as well as a significant role in various pulmonary diseases, such as chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis and emphysema. Myogenic, neurogenic, and humoral factors control airway smooth-muscle tone. This text provides a state-of-the-art summary and critical discussion of airway smooth muscle from a multidisciplinary point of view. Topics discussed include morphology, biochemical regulation, mechanical and electrophysiological behavior and reflex control of smooth muscle; the epithelium-derived relaxing factor; and methods to measure smooth muscle function in vivo in humans and experimental animals, as well as in vitro in isolated airway tissues. Also discussed are calcium and potassium channels and receptors for adrenergic, cholinergic and histaminergic systems in modulating receptor-response coupling in airway smooth muscle. Airway Smooth Muscle: Modulation of Receptors and Response provides essential information for researchers, teachers, pulmonary specialists and allergists, and students interested in learning about airway smooth muscle.
Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology written by J. Gordon Betts and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Structural Basis of Muscular Contraction written by John Squire and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muscular contraction provides one of the most fascinating topics for a biophysicist to study. Although muscle comprises a molecular machine whereby chemical energy is converted to mechanical work, its action in producing force is something that is readily observable in everyday life, a feature that does not apply to most other structures of biophysical inter est. In addition, muscle is so beautifully organized at the microscopic level that those important structural probes, electron microscopy (with the associated image analysis methods) and X-ray diffraction, have pro vided a wealth of information about the arrangements of the constituent proteins in a variety of muscle types. But, despite all this, the answer to the question "How does muscle work?" is still uncertain, especially with regard to the molecular events by which force is actually generated, and the question remains one of the major unsolved problems in biology. With this problem in mind, this book has been written to collect together the available evidence on the structures of the muscle fila ments and on their arrangements in different muscle cells, to extract the common structural features of these cells, and thus to attempt to define a possible series of mechanical steps that will describe at molecular resolu tion the process by which force is generated. The book cannot be considered to be an introductory text; in fact, it presents a very detailed account of muscle structure as gleaned mainly from electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.
Download or read book Muscle Atrophy written by Junjie Xiao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-02 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book addresses the development of muscle atrophy, which can be caused by denervation, disuse, excessive fasting, aging, and a variety of diseases including heart failure, chronic kidney diseases and cancers. Muscle atrophy reduces quality of life and increases morbidity and mortality worldwide. The book is divided into five parts, the first of which describes the general aspects of muscle atrophy including its characteristics, related economic and health burdens, and the current clinical therapy. Secondly, basic aspects of muscle atrophy including the composition, structure and function of skeletal muscle, muscle changes in response to atrophy, and experimental models are summarized. Thirdly, the book reviews the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy, including protein degradation and synthesis pathways, noncoding RNAs, inflammatory signaling, oxidative stress, mitochondria signaling, etc. Fourthly, it highlights the pathophysiological mechanisms of muscle atrophy in aging and disease. The book’s fifth and final part covers the diagnosis, treatment strategies, promising agents and future prospects of muscle atrophy. The book will appeal to a broad readership including scientists, undergraduate and graduate students in medicine and cell biology.
Download or read book A Functional View of Smooth Muscle written by L. Barr and published by Elsevier Science. This book was released on 2000-10-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of this volume was to provide for advanced graduate students, medical students, and postdoctoral who are beginning to do research related to smooth muscle a sampling of the orienting ideas of the researchers working on problems in smooth muscle physiology and pathophysiology. Therefore, an essential goal of the volume is to identify the lines of investigation that are currently being pursued by investigators whose concerns are with smooth muscle or with organs with parenchumal tissues consisting of smooth muscle. Various types of smooth muscle constitute the parenchuma or characteristic tissues of a large number of organs or regions of organs. In each case, the phenotype is distinctly different and, while smooth muscles do not exhibit the diversity of epithelia, they nevertheless span a great range of physiological responsiveness. Undoubtedly, the variations in the characteristic responses of different smooth muscles result from the expression of sets of transduction subserving proteins. However, it is what the sets are and how they work and are regulated that fascinated the physiologist. In this book, the contrast between sameness and diversity recurs as a theme.
Download or read book Introductory Biomechanics written by C. Ross Ethier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-12 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introductory Biomechanics is a new, integrated text written specifically for engineering students. It provides a broad overview of this important branch of the rapidly growing field of bioengineering. A wide selection of topics is presented, ranging from the mechanics of single cells to the dynamics of human movement. No prior biological knowledge is assumed and in each chapter, the relevant anatomy and physiology are first described. The biological system is then analyzed from a mechanical viewpoint by reducing it to its essential elements, using the laws of mechanics and then tying mechanical insights back to biological function. This integrated approach provides students with a deeper understanding of both the mechanics and the biology than from qualitative study alone. The text is supported by a wealth of illustrations, tables and examples, a large selection of suitable problems and hundreds of current references, making it an essential textbook for any biomechanics course.
