Download or read book International Reserve Adequacy in the Gambia written by Eugen Tereanu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-09-01 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper applies intertemporal models of precautionary saving to compute an optimal level of international reserves for The Gambia. The analysis focuses on current account shocks specific to a low-income economy with a significant import component and complements a more standard, rule-of-thumb reserve adequacy assessment. The results suggest a central range from 4.5 months to 7 months of imports, which is broadly aligned with the recent actual coverage. Notwithstanding parameter sensitivity, the simulations allow for more informed policy decisions that balance flexibility with a prudent approach to reserve use.
Download or read book Foreign Reserve Adequacy in Sub Saharan Africa written by Anubha Dhasmana and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-06 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper looks at the question of adequacy of reserves in sub-Saharan African countries in light of the shocks faced by these countries. Literature on optimal reserves so far has not paid attention to the particular shocks facing low-income countries. We use a two-good endowment economy model facing terms of trade and aid shocks to derive the optimal level of reserves by comparing the cost of holding reserves with their benefits as an insurance against a shock. We find that the optimal level of reserves depends upon the size of these shocks, their probability, and the output cost associated with them,
Download or read book The Gambia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-09-03 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gambian economy showed strong growth and low inflation during the global crisis under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF), despite a sharp drop in tourism and remittance receipts. Executive Directors appreciated the macroeconomic policy framework and stressed the importance of achieving the MDGs and targets on poverty-reducing expenditures. They encouraged strengthening of fiscal performance to anchor macroeconomic stability and reduce the debt burden. Directors strongly supported tax reform and welcomed budget procedures and their execution. Directors supported recent improvements in debt management and stressed the importance of debt sustainability.
Download or read book The Gambia written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-09-18 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This IMF Staff Report for the 2013 Article IV Consultation presents economic development and policies of Tthe Gambia. The IMF report shows that Tthe Gambia’s economy is picking up slowly from the past drought conditions. The Gambian Programme for Accelerated Growth and Employment (PAGE) emphasizes fiscal adjustment, together with infrastructure investment and structural reforms to support inclusive growth. Fiscal adjustment is needed to ease the heavy debt burden, arising mainly from domestic debt. Execution of the PAGE, supported by commitments from development partners, would help reduce poverty, especially in rural areas, given a strong focus on agriculture.
Download or read book The Gambia Article IV Consultation Third Review Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement Request for Waivers of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria and Financing Assurances Review Press Release Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director for The Gambia written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the onset of the pandemic, The Gambia had shown strong macroeconomic performance in the few years following the remarkable political transition in 2016-17. Economic growth accelerated, debt vulnerabilities decreased, external stability strengthened, structural and legislative reforms advanced, and key social indicators improved. However, the COVID-19 pandemic halted some of the hard-won progress, stagnating economic activity and re-igniting extreme poverty. The Gambia experienced a third wave of the pandemic in mid-2021, which has receded recently. The COVID-19 vaccination rate currently stands at about 12 percent of the adult population. Presidential and parliamentary elections are planned for December 2021 and April 2022, respectively.
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of The Gambia written by David Perfect and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When The Gambia achieved its independence from Great Britain on 18 February 1965, as mainland Africa’s smallest state, its future seemed uncertain. It retained this status for nearly 30 years, An attempted coup d’état in July 1981 was put down, but, ironically, when other African states were returning to democratic government, Gambian democracy finally succumbed to a military coup on 22 July 1994. While civilian rule was restored in 1996, full democracy was not and a number of subsequent presidential and parliamentary elections have been far from free and fair, while The Gambia’s human rights record has been very poor since 1994. This fifth edition of Historical Dictionary of The Gambia contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 700 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about The Gambia.
Download or read book Assessing Reserve Adequacy in Low Income Countries written by Mr.Valerio Crispolti and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-income countries routinely experience exogenous disturbances—sharp swings in the terms of trade, export demand, natural disasters, and volatile financial flows—that contribute to higher volatility in aggregate output and consumption compared with other countries. Assessing Reserve Adequacy in Low-Income Countries presents the findings of an analysis of a range of external shocks faced by these countries, beginning with a discussion of the impact of external shocks on macroeconomic growth, volatility, and welfare. Although sound macroeconomic and prudential policy frameworks are the first line of defense for limiting vulnerability, international reserves constitute the main form of self-insurance against such shocks. The evidence suggests that low-income countries with reserve coverage above three months of imports were better able to smooth consumption and absorption in the face of external shocks compared with those with lower reserve holdings. The analysis also points to the importance of country characteristics and vulnerabilities in assessing reserve adequacy.
Download or read book Macroeconomics for Professionals written by Leslie Lipschitz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-23 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding macroeconomic developments and policies in the twenty-first century is daunting: policy-makers face the combined challenges of supporting economic activity and employment, keeping inflation low and risks of financial crises at bay, and navigating the ever-tighter linkages of globalization. Many professionals face demands to evaluate the implications of developments and policies for their business, financial, or public policy decisions. Macroeconomics for Professionals provides a concise, rigorous, yet intuitive framework for assessing a country's macroeconomic outlook and policies. Drawing on years of experience at the International Monetary Fund, Leslie Lipschitz and Susan Schadler have created an operating manual for professional applied economists and all those required to evaluate economic analysis.
Download or read book IMF Research Bulletin December 2010 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Q&A in this issue features seven questions about emerging markets and the financial crisis (by Ayhan Kose); the research summaries are "Tax Revenue Response to the Business Cycle" (by Cemile Sancak, Ricardo Velloso, and Jing Xing) and "Banking Crisis Resolution: Was this Time Different?" (by Luc Laeven and Fabian Valencia). The issue also lists the contents of the second issue of the IMF Economic Review, Volume 58 Number 2; visiting scholars at the IMF during October-December 2010; and recent IMF Working Papers and Staff Position Notes.
Download or read book The Gambia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-06-06 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the request from Gambian authorities for a three-year arrangement under the extended credit facility (ECF). The Gambian economy performed well during the previous IMF arrangement, which expired at the end of March 2011; however, there were slippages under the program. The authorities requested a new three-year ECF arrangement, with a large initial disbursement, but relatively low access overall. The initial disbursement would support stability during the current drought crisis, while remaining disbursements would encourage fiscal adjustment and catalyze donor support for the poverty reduction strategy.
Download or read book The Gambia written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-06-21 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The multiple external shocks that hit the Gambian economy obstructed a rapid recovery in 2022. The implications of the war in Ukraine continue to exert pressures on inflation. These pressures are threatening socio-economic stability in the context of local elections, despite the absence of severe social tensions in recent months. This sixth program review is the last review under the current ECF arrangement. The authorities have requested a successor program with the Fund, which will draw on the authorities’ national development plan as well as on lessons learnt and outstanding challenges from this expiring program.
Download or read book Union of Comoros written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-08-14 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses Union of Comoros’ Request for Disbursement Under the Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) and Purchase Under the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI). Reflecting the large budgetary and external financing gaps arising from emergency assistance and reconstruction needs, the authorities are seeking financial assistance under the RCF and RFI exogenous shock windows. Comoros’ qualification is based on urgent balance of payments needs following a severe natural disaster. The authorities shared staff’s main policy recommendations. Efforts to address the cyclone’s impact will need to focus on mobilizing external financing, creating fiscal space by containing the wage bill, and spending mobilized resources in a well-targeted and timely manner. The authorities plan to address financial sector weaknesses, including by finding a solution for the critical situation of the postal bank, closely monitoring nonperforming loans, and addressing obstacles in the judicial system to facilitate the use of collateral and promote lending.
Download or read book The Laws of the Gambia in Force on the 1st Day of July 1966 written by Gambia and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Financial Derivatives written by International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-05-10 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1990s, international statistical experts confirmed that financial derivatives should be treated as financial assets and that transactions in financial derivatives should be reported as separate transactions rather than as integral parts of the values of underlying transactions or of financial assets to which some derivatives are linked as hedges. Therefore, to parallel revisions made to the System of National Accounts (1993), an addendum and amendments to the fifth edition (1993) of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5) were prepared and published, in early 2000, as a supplement entitled Financial Derivatives. This supplement comprises two parts. Part I contains a new chapter in which the features of financial derivatives and treatments appropriate for specific derivatives were described. Part II consists of modifications to those portions of the BPM5 that pertain to financial derivatives. The revisions are shown by means of shading and strikeout. Financial Derivatives is an essential component of the BPM5.
Download or read book Annual Report of the Executive Directors for the Fiscal Year written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 814 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surveys of African Economies The Gambia Ghana Liberia Nigeria and Sierra Leone written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deals with regional economic cooperation, development planning money and banking, balance of payments and exchange controls in the seven countries. And analyze recent economic developments in each of these countries.
Download or read book The Gambia written by Mr.Michael T. Hadjimichael and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1992-09-15 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gambia, one of the least developed countries in Africa, has been pursuing corrective economic policies since 1985, aimed at restroing financial stability and laying the basis for strong and sustainable economic growth. Supported by IMF policy advice and financing. The Gambia's economic performance has improved considerably since 1985. This study discusses Gambian adjustment policies and their benefits.
