Download or read book Interaction Between Nanoparticles and Aggregates of Amphiphile Molecules written by Falin Tian and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphiphile molecules, endowed with a particular structure containing a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail, have many important applications, e.g., fabrication of detergents, surface coating or surface functionalization, etc. Molecular aggregates of various forms, micelles, vehicle, membranes, etc. can be formed from amphiphile molecules. The complexity of these molecular aggregates involving a large number of atoms make the theoretical study of these system very challenging. Up to now, our understanding of the interaction between nanoparticles and aggregates of amphiphiles remains quite incomplete. Using a variety of molecular simulation methods and some theoretical approaches (Helfrich theory and perturbation theory), we have studied the following issues in the present thesis: 1. How the presence of nanoparticles, especially due to their highly curved surfaces, affects the aggregation of the amphiphiles? 2. How a lipid bilayer, a particular amphiphile aggregate, induces the self-assembly of hydrophobic nanoparticles.3. How the morphology transition of a membrane nanotube can be induced by nanoparticles?
Download or read book Adsorption Aggregation and Structure Formation in Systems of Charged Particles written by Bhuvnesh Bharti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-17 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents studies on the interaction of soft materials like surfactants and proteins with hard silica nanomaterials. Due to its interdisciplinary nature it combines concepts from the fields of physical chemistry, nanoscience and materials science, yielding to fundamental insights into the structure-directing forces operating at the nano-scale. It is shown that the morphology of surfactant micellar aggregates adsorbed at the surface of nanoparticles and inside tubular nanopores can be tuned on demand by the co-adsorption of a surface modifier. The interaction of globular proteins with silica nanoparticles is dominated by electrostatic interactions and can be controlled by pH and ionic strength, while the bridging of nanoparticles by adsorbed protein molecules leads to large-scale hybrid aggregates of protein with the nanoparticles. Concepts emerging from the role of electrostatic interactions in the hetero-aggregation of nanoparticles with protein molecules are used for the co-assembly of charged microbeads into linear clusters and chains of controllable length.
Download or read book The Use of Multifunctional Branched Amphiphilic Molecules for the Formation of Silver Nanoparticles written by Beth Michele Rybak and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many areas of technology continue to place a high demand on the miniaturization of critical components for a new generation of optical, magnetic, and electrical sensors, and actuators. This push leads scientists to seek new techniques to use in the fabricate devices. Because of their shape and size, nanoparticles exhibit a unique array of physical, optical and electrical properties that are not present in bulk form. Furthermore, these properties may be enhanced by their specific ordering. The formation of nanoparticles and their incorporation into polymer thin films has received increased attention for their potential use as nanodevices. The goal of the research presented here was to fabricate a polymer-nanoparticle assembly in which the polymer controlled the size, shape and exact placement of the nanoparticles created. In this work, Langmuir monolayers of a multifunctional branched amphiphilic molecule were utilized due the novel behavior the molecule exhibited at the air-water interface. The molecules possessed the ability to form semi-cylindrical polymer fibers at the air-solid interface when transferred to silicon wafers. The functionality of the hyperbranched molecule, coupled with the constraints of the air-liquid interface, proved to be key elements in the nanoparticle formation. The presence of reduced silver in the monolayer was confirmed using synchrotron X-ray studies and X-ray photospectroscopy. Morphological studies of the polymer-nanoparticle assembly at the air-solid interface were analyzed using atomic force microscopy. The size of the silver nanoparticles in the monolayer at the air-liquid interface remained stable for a minimal period of 24 hours, indicating that the polymer played a crucial capping role in the formation of the nanoparticles and prevented their further aggregation. The formation of size-limited, stable nanoparticles, combined with the polymer's efficiency to directly induce the reduction of silver ions, resulted in a beautiful display of the biomimetic capabilities of polymers.
Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanoparticles written by Oliver Diwald and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 903 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ein umfassendes Referenzwerk für Chemiker und Industriefachleute zum Thema Nanopartikel Nanopartikel aus Metalloxid sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil zahlreicher natürlicher und technologischer Prozesse ? von der Mineralumwandlung bis zur Elektronik. Darüber hinaus kommen Metalloxid-Nanopartikel in Pulverform im Maschinenbau, in der Elektronik und der Energietechnik zum Einsatz. Das Werk Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Formation, Functional Properties and Interfaces stellt die wichtigsten Synthese- und Formulierungsansätze bei der Nutzung von Metalloxid-Nanopartikeln als Funktionsmaterialien vor. Es werden die üblichen Verarbeitungswege erklärt und die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der Partikel mithilfe von umfassenden und ergänzenden Charakterisierungsmethoden bewertet. Dieses Werk kann als Einführung in die Formulierung von Nanopartikeln, ihre Grenzflächenchemie und ihre funktionellen Eigenschaften im Nanobereich genutzt werden. Darüber hinaus dient es zum vertiefenden Verständnis, denn das Buch enthält detaillierte Angaben zu fortschrittlichen Methoden bei der physikalischen, chemischen, Oberflächen- und Grenzflächencharakterisierung von Metalloxid-Nanopartikeln in Pulvern und Dispersionen. *Erläuterung der Anwendung von Metalloxid-Nanopartikeln und der wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen *Betrachtung der Partikelsynthese, einschließlich der Grundsätze ausgewählter Bottom-up-Strategien *Untersuchung der Formulierung von Nanopartikeln mit einer Auswahl von Verarbeitungs- und Anwendungswegen *Diskussion der Bedeutung von Partikeloberflächen und -grenzflächen für Strukturbildung, Stabilität und funktionelle Materialeigenschaften *Betrachtung der Charakterisierung von Metalloxid-Nanopartikeln auf verschiedenen Längenskalen In diesem Buch finden Forscher im akademischen Bereich, Chemiker in der Industrie und Doktoranden wichtige Erkenntnisse über die Synthese, Eigenschaften und Anwendungen von Metalloxid-Nanopartikeln.
Download or read book J aggregates written by Takayoshi Kobayashi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work deals with J-aggregates, which have a long history of research. The volume covers electronic states, linear and nonlinear optical properties. Various properties and processes of J-aggregates, such as super-radiance, excitons, photon echo, geometrical structure, electron transfer and femtosecond spectroscopy, are discussed.
Download or read book Purely Peptidic Amphiphiles Understanding and Controlling their Self Assembled Structures written by Thomas Schuster and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphiphilic molecules spontaneously self-assemble into a variety of structures in solution. The term amphiphilic indicates that one part of the molecule is attracted to the solvent, while the other is not. Interactions such as between solute-solvent and solute-solute thus determine the organization. Understanding the self-assembly means understanding those interactions and their driving forces. In the first chapter an overview of the self-organization of amphiphilic molecules into supermolecuar aggregates of different morphologies is provided, with a focus on purely peptidic amphiphiles, i.e. amphiphiles which consist solely of a different amino acid sequence. In the second chapter the self-assembly of amphiphilic peptides with a specific amino acid sequence into micelles and spherical peptide nanoparticles is described. The undecamer peptide that was used features a repetitive L-tryptophan and D-leucine [LW-DL] motif, representing the hydrophobic block – which is a truncated version of gramicidin A (gA), named gT. The N-terminally attached hydrophilic section was either lysine (K) or acetylated lysine (X) and was optionally terminated with cysteine for post-functionalization of the thiol-group. The uncharged peptide AcC-X3-gT was demonstrated to assemble into micelles and subsequently into peptide particles, termed ‘peptide beads’. We hypothesize that the peptide beads consisted of micelles – a structure described as multicompartment micelles. Peptide beads using AcC-X3-gT and its analogues – including Ac-X3-gT-C, a new peptide with the cysteine residue on the C instead of the N-terminus – are further investigated in Chapter Three. We succeeded in creating highly ordered Ac-X3-gT-C – Au-NP composites, which allowed us to visualize the inner structure of the nanoparticles. The presented composite materials are expected to exhibit exceptional electrical and optical properties. In Chapter Four these amphiphilic peptides are studied with regard to the interaction within a lipid layer but also in pure peptide layers at the air-water interface. Results indicate the formation of a unimolecular, flat film. Peptide layers were successfully transferred onto a solid support or self-assembled peptide monolayers (SAMs) were created equally well via immersion and spin-coating. Preliminary mineralization experiments confirmed the successful creation of calcium phosphate crystals. The topic of the following chapter focuses on a peptide library that has been synthesized to correlate the primary sequence, its secondary structure and the resulting self-assembly. The peptide design includes three parts: (a) a charged lysine part, (b) an acetylated lysine part and (c) a constant hydrophobic rod-like helix, based on gramicidin A (gA). By stepwise replacement of free lysine (K) with acetylated lysine (X) we generated a library of a total of ten peptides Ac-X8-gA and KmX8-m-gA (m ranging from 0 to 8). By using point mutations, we adjusted the degree of acetylation (DA) and thus the overall amphiphilicity of the peptides, which led to a change in the secondary structure in the aqueous environment from a ?-sheet to an ? -helix. This transition generated a significant change in the morphology of the self-assembled structures from fibers to micelles. The study is important precisely because it presents a first step towards molecular switches based on acetylation of a peptide, inspired by the example of phosphorylation of proteins or enzymes, which converts them into the active or inactive state by structural changes. Chapter Seven focuses on essential parameters to successfully manage membrane formation from a purely peptidic system. A crucial step in the formation of peptide membranes appears to be dimerization, which originates from the introduction of intermolecular interactions, such as H-bonds or ??? stacking of aromatic rings. The formation of a stabilized membrane subunit, i.e. dimers in the lateral or perpendicular directions (relative to the membrane) produced stable, purely peptidic vesicles and may well apply to other peptidic systems. These novel peptidic systems offer hydrophilic and hydrophobic compartments to encapsulate and integrate different drugs or payloads and could be used for gene delivery, since the design includes charged moieties. In the last chapter, the achievements of the presented work are discussed and summarized. Furthermore, lines of research are suggested, which, from the present point of view, appear to be the most promising and should be the focus of subsequent experiments.
Download or read book J aggregates Volume 2 written by Takayoshi Kobayashi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-03-23 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work deals with J-aggregates, which have a long history of research. The volume covers electronic states, linear and nonlinear optical properties. Various properties and processes of J-aggregates, such as super-radiance, excitons, photon echo, geometrical structure, electron transfer and femtosecond spectroscopy, are discussed.
Download or read book Biological and Pharmaceutical Applications of Nanomaterials written by Polina Prokopovich and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-06-26 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological and Pharmaceutical Applications of Nanomaterials presents the findings of cutting-edge research activities in the field of nanomaterials, with a particular emphasis on biological and pharmaceutical applications. Divided into four sections-nanomaterials for drug delivery, antimicrobial nanomaterials, nanomaterials in biosensors, and safet
Download or read book Interaction of Amphiphilic Nanoparticles with Model and Bacterial Membranes written by Jared Thomas Wiemann and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this doctoral work, we aimed to understand how amphiphilic nanoparticles, especially those with anisotropic surface chemistry, interact with biological membranes. Specifically, our overall goal was to elucidate the cytotoxic and antibacterial properties of anisotropic particles relative to amphiphilic nanoparticles with uniform surface chemistry. Nanoparticles with anisotropic surface chemistry have been synthesized for uses in sensing and immunotherapy, among other uses. In our early studies, we evaluated the impact of amphiphilic particles against free-standing biomimetic membranes to assess their potential cytotoxicity. Using "two-faced" amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles, which display separated hydrophobic and hydrophilic sides, we observed that anisotropic surface chemistry enhances the binding of particles to lipid membranes which leads to poration, membrane wrinkling, protrusions, and even collapse of entire membranes. Building upon these findings, we further observed that Janus nanoparticles selectively bind to liquid disordered domains in phase-separated lipid membranes. Extraction of lipids from liquid disordered domains to the hydrophobic nanoparticle hemispheres led to membrane compression and bulging of liquid ordered domains. These studies revealed the distinct consequences of anisotropic amphiphilic nanoparticles on lipid membrane integrity and structure. In the final part of this work, we investigated the antimicrobial properties of amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles. As more multidrug resistant bacteria emerge and fewer antibiotics are developed for clinical use, antibiotic resistance remains an increasing threat to public health. Researchers have since turned to nanomaterials with tailored surface chemistry to evade mechanisms of antibiotic resistance by directly disrupting lipid membranes and cell walls, often times using uniform coatings of cationic or amphiphilic ligands on particle surfaces. Given the potential enhanced antibiotic properties of Janus nanoparticles based on our first works, we fabricated "two-faced" amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles with one hemisphere of the Janus nanoparticles functionalized with hydrophobic alkyl chains and the other hemisphere of the nanoparticles functionalized with either a cationic antibiotic drug, colistin, or a cationic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer that is not an antibiotic drug. We show that both the colistin/hydrophobic Janus nanoparticles and dendrimer/hydrophobic Janus nanoparticles effectively inhibit the growth of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria at picomolar concentrations. The half-maximum effective concentrations (EC50) of those cationic/hydrophobic Janus nanoparticles against a variety of bacteria are in the picomolar range and significantly lower than those of conventional nanoparticles with uniform surface chemistry. The Janus nanoparticles inhibit bacterial growth by disrupting bacterial membranes and by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results demonstrate that the design of the segregated hydrophobic and cationic charges on the nanoparticle surface is key for their antibiotic potency. The antibiotic potency of the Janus nanoparticles is applicable to cationic ligands and not limited to cationic antibiotic molecules. Those anisotropic amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles are promising new broad-spectrum antibiotic nanoparticles.
Download or read book Handbook of Aggregation Induced Emission Volume 2 written by Youhong Tang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-04-04 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume of the ultimate reference on the science and applications of aggregation-induced emission The Handbook of Aggregation-Induced Emission explores foundational and advanced topics in aggregation-induced emission, as well as cutting-edge developments in the field, celebrating twenty years of progress and achievement in this important and interdisciplinary field. The three volumes combine to offer readers a comprehensive and insightful interpretation accessible to both new and experienced researchers working on aggregation-induced emission. In Volume 2: Typical AIEgens Design, the editors address the design and synthesis of typical AIEgens that have made significant contributions to aggregation-induced emission research. Recent advances in the development of aggregation-induced emission systems are discussed and the book covers novel aggregation-induced emission systems in small molecule organogels, polymersomes, metal-organic coordination complexes and metal nanoclusters. Readers will also discover: A thorough introduction to the synthesis and applications of tetraphenylpyrazine-based AIEgens, AIEgens based on 9,10-distyrylanthracene , and the Salicylaldehyde Schiff base Practical discussions of aggregation-induced emission from the sixth main group and fluorescence detection of dynamic aggregation processes using AIEgens Coverage of cyclic triimidazole derivatives and the synthesis of multi-phenyl-substituted pyrrole based materials and their applications Perfect for academic researchers working on aggregation-induced emission, this set of volumes is also ideal for professionals and students in the fields of photophysics, photochemistry, materials science, optoelectronic materials, synthetic organic chemistry, macromolecular chemistry, polymer science, and biological sciences.
Download or read book Molecular Materials written by Sanjay Malhotra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-05-12 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of molecular materials research looks at the preparation and characterization of potentially useful materials with enhanced physical, chemical, and biomedical properties. Molecular Materials: Preparation, Characterization, and Applications discusses the cutting-edge interdisciplinary research in the area of advanced molecular-based materials. This book explores multiple aspects of molecular materials, including their synthesis and characterization, and gives information on their application in various fields.
Download or read book Inorganic Nanosheets and Nanosheet Based Materials written by Teruyuki Nakato and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-18 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on inorganic nanosheets, including various oxides, chalcogenides, and graphenes, that provide two-dimensional (2D) media to develop materials chemistry in broad fields such as electronics, photonics, environmental science, and biology. The application area of nanosheets and nanosheet-based materials covers the analytical, photochemical, optical, biological, energetic, and environmental research fields. All of these applications come from the low dimensionality of the nanosheets, which anisotropically regulate structures of solids, microspaces, and fluids. Understanding nanosheets from chemical, structural, and application aspects in relation to their "fully nanoscopic" characters will help materials scientists to develop novel advanced materials. This is the first book that accurately and concisely summarizes this field including exfoliation and intercalation chemistries of layered crystals. The book provides perspective on the materials chemistry of inorganic nanosheets. The first section describes fundamental aspects of nanosheets common to diverse applications: how unique structures and properties are obtained from nanosheets based on low dimensionality. The second section presents state-of-the-art descriptions of how the 2D nature of nanosheets is utilized in each application of the materials that are developed.
Download or read book Nanomaterials and Their Interactive Behavior with Biomolecules Cells and Tissues written by Yogendrakumar H. Lahir and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscience is a multidisciplinary area of science which enables researchers to create tools that help in understanding the mechanisms related to the interactions between nanomaterials and biomolecules (nanotechnology). Nanomaterials represent nanotechnology products. These products have an enormous impact on technical industries and the quality of human life. Nanomaterials directly or indirectly have to interact with biosystems. It is, therefore, essential to understand the beneficial and harmful interactions of nanomaterials with and within a biosystem, especially with reference to humans. This book provides primary and advanced information concerning the interactions between nanomaterials and the components of a typical biosystem to readers. Chapters in the book cover, in a topic-based approach, the many facets of nanomolecular interactions with biological molecules and systems that influence their behavior, bioavailability and biocompatibility (including nucleic acids, cell membranes, tissues, enzymes and antibodies). A note on the applications of nanomaterials is also presented in the conclusion of the book to illustrate the usefulness of this class of materials. The contents of the book will benefit students, researchers, and technicians involved in the fields of biological sciences, such as cell biology, medicine, molecular biology, food technology, cosmetology, pharmacology, biotechnology, and environmental sciences. The book also provides information for the material science personnel, enabling them to understand the basics of target-oriented nanomaterials design for specific objectives.
Download or read book Advances in Nanotechnology and the Environment written by Juyoung Kim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoparticles and nano-sized materials created by nanotechnology (NT) have been considered unique and sole solutions to overcome the limitations of other technologies and widen their applications. Although these materials have been widely used in environmental technology (ET), most environmental applications of nanoparticles were limited to th
Download or read book Self Assembly written by Ramanathan Nagarajan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-01-07 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the state-of-the-art of the diverse self-assembly systems Self-Assembly: From Surfactants to Nanoparticles provides an effective entry for new researchers into this exciting field while also giving the state of the art assessment of the diverse self-assembling systems for those already engaged in this research. Over the last twenty years, self-assembly has emerged as a distinct science/technology field, going well beyond the classical surfactant and block copolymer molecules, and encompassing much larger and complex molecular, biomolecular and nanoparticle systems. Within its ten chapters, each contributed by pioneers of the respective research topics, the book: Discusses the fundamental physical chemical principles that govern the formation and properties of self-assembled systems Describes important experimental techniques to characterize the properties of self-assembled systems, particularly the nature of molecular organization and structure at the nano, meso or micro scales. Provides the first exhaustive accounting of self-assembly derived from various kinds of biomolecules including peptides, DNA and proteins. Outlines methods of synthesis and functionalization of self-assembled nanoparticles and the further self-assembly of the nanoparticles into one, two or three dimensional materials. Explores numerous potential applications of self-assembled structures including nanomedicine applications of drug delivery, imaging, molecular diagnostics and theranostics, and design of materials to specification such as smart responsive materials and self-healing materials. Highlights the unifying as well as contrasting features of self-assembly, as we move from surfactant molecules to nanoparticles. Written for students and academic and industrial scientists and engineers, by pioneers of the research field, Self-Assembly: From Surfactants to Nanoparticles is a comprehensive resource on diverse self-assembly systems, that is simultaneously introductory as well as the state of the art.
Download or read book Interaction of Amphphilic Nanoparticles with Model and Bacterial Membranes written by Jared Thomas Wiemann and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this doctoral work, we aimed to understand how amphiphilic nanoparticles, especially those with anisotropic surface chemistry, interact with biological membranes. Specifically, our overall goal was to elucidate the cytotoxic and antibacterial properties of anisotropic particles relative to amphiphilic nanoparticles with uniform surface chemistry. Nanoparticles with anisotropic surface chemistry have been synthesized for uses in sensing and immunotherapy, among other uses. In our early studies, we evaluated the impact of amphiphilic particles against free-standing biomimetic membranes to assess their potential cytotoxicity. Using “two-faced” amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles, which display separated hydrophobic and hydrophilic sides, we observed that anisotropic surface chemistry enhances the binding of particles to lipid membranes which leads to poration, membrane wrinkling, protrusions, and even collapse of entire membranes. Building upon these findings, we further observed that Janus nanoparticles selectively bind to liquid disordered domains in phase-separated lipid membranes. Extraction of lipids from liquid disordered domains to the hydrophobic nanoparticle hemispheres led to membrane compression and bulging of liquid ordered domains. These studies revealed the distinct consequences of anisotropic amphiphilic nanoparticles on lipid membrane integrity and structure. In the final part of this work, we investigated the antimicrobial properties of amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles. As more multidrug resistant bacteria emerge and fewer antibiotics are developed for clinical use, antibiotic resistance remains an increasing threat to public health. Researchers have since turned to nanomaterials with tailored surface chemistry to evade mechanisms of antibiotic resistance by directly disrupting lipid membranes and cell walls, often times using uniform coatings of cationic or amphiphilic ligands on particle surfaces. Given the potential enhanced antibiotic properties of Janus nanoparticles based on our first works, we fabricated “two-faced” amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles with one hemisphere of the Janus nanoparticles functionalized with hydrophobic alkyl chains and the other hemisphere of the nanoparticles functionalized with either a cationic antibiotic drug, colistin, or a cationic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer that is not an antibiotic drug. We show that both the colistin/hydrophobic Janus nanoparticles and dendrimer/hydrophobic Janus nanoparticles effectively inhibit the growth of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria at picomolar concentrations. The half-maximum effective concentrations (EC50) of those cationic/hydrophobic Janus nanoparticles against a variety of bacteria are in the picomolar range and significantly lower than those of conventional nanoparticles with uniform surface chemistry. The Janus nanoparticles inhibit bacterial growth by disrupting bacterial membranes and by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results demonstrate that the design of the segregated hydrophobic and cationic charges on the nanoparticle surface is key for their antibiotic potency. The antibiotic potency of the Janus nanoparticles is applicable to cationic ligands and not limited to cationic antibiotic molecules. Those anisotropic amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles are promising new broad-spectrum antibiotic nanoparticles.
Download or read book Unraveling the Safety Profile of Nanoscale Particles and Materials written by Andreia Ferreira de Castro Gomes and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-03-21 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As nanomaterials become increasingly present in our daily lives, pertinent questions regarding their safety arise. Nanomaterial risk assessment, as in other areas, directs much of the effort worldwide in defining guidelines that may be translated into national or international directives. Nanomaterials encompass different entities, from nanoparticles to nanostructured materials, with specific effects over cells, tissues, organisms and ecosystems depending on their biophysical characteristics. Such interactions will directly affect the impact of novel nanotechnologies. This book aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in nanotoxicology, featuring the most important developments and critical issues regarding the use of and exposure to nanoparticles.
