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Book Lincoln and His Cabinet

    Book Details:
  • Author : Wikipedians
  • Publisher : Pediapress
  • Release : 2011-12
  • ISBN : 9783868980028
  • Pages : 212 pages

Download or read book Lincoln and His Cabinet written by Wikipedians and published by Pediapress. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lincoln and his Cabinet A study of the American Civil War must include a look at the men who made the policies that drove armies in the field. Lincoln and his Cabinet is an account of the life of Abraham Lincoln. It is also a multiple biography of the entire team of personal and political competitors that he put together to lead the country through its greatest crisis. This biographical book about President Lincoln and the men in his Cabinet fills a void in Civil War literature. It provides a new and easy reference to the lifes of the politicians who pulled the levers behind the curtain and who are themselves as important as the Generals in the field. President Lincoln's cabinet included all of his major rivals for the Republican nomination for President in 1860 including William H. Seward, Salmon P. Chase, Simon Cameron and Edward Bates. Lincoln did not shy away from surrounding himself with strong-minded men, even those whose credentials for office appeared to be much more impressive than his own. Lincoln attempted to reach out to every faction of his party with a special emphasis on balancing anti-slavery former Whigs with former free-soil Democrats. It seems clear that his goal was not to create a "War Cabinet" (because he did not expect war), but to create a cabinet that would unite the party: a team of rivals. Before the War ended, of the four leading vote-getters for the 1860 Republican presidential nomination that Lincoln placed on his original team, three left during his first term. Only Seward endured throughout the Civil War. The biographies of Lincoln and the fifteen men who served in his Administration provide a fascinating look at the men and the politics of the Civil War. About the Editor Joe Mieczkowski is a Civil War living historian and educator. Having received his Bachelor's Degree from Salem College and his Master's Degree from Pennsylvania State University, Joe's education provided the foundation to support his 37 year career with the Social Security Administration. He retired from federal service as the Area Director in Harrisburg, PA. Joe is an Adjunct Professor for local community colleges, teaching courses in various aspects of American History, including Rival Teams, The Lincoln and Davis Administration. While doing research for a battlefield program Joe realized there were few succinct sources of information concerning the Civil War Cabinets and decided to create a book on the topic. He is a Licensed Battlefield and Town Guide for the Gettysburg National Military Park, and is a Past President of the Gettysburg Civil War Roundtable. Joe is a resident of Fairfield, PA, where he lives with his wife, Chris. About Wikipedia in Print Book Series The Wikipedia in Print Book Series represents a novel and innovative approach to publishing. It focusses on distinctive niche topics that were not covered by the traditional book market before. Expert editors from a wide variety of backgrounds compile the titles from mindfully selected and thoroughly reviewed Wikipedia articles. This careful curation results in a series that reflects the vibrant and diverse agendas which characterize the contemporary public discourse as well as the ongoing and fruitful efforts to build a system that will allow every human being to share in the sum of all knowledge.

Book President Lincoln s Cabinet

Download or read book President Lincoln s Cabinet written by John Palmer Usher and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Lincoln  the Cabinet  and the Generals

Download or read book Lincoln the Cabinet and the Generals written by Chester G. Hearn and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2010-04 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While numerous accounts exist of President Abraham Lincoln's often-troubled dealings with either his cabinet or his generals, Chester G. Hearn's illuminating history provides the first broad synthesis of Lincoln's complex relationship with both groups. As such, it casts new light on much of the behind-the-scenes interplay, intrigue, and sparring between the president and his advisors and military commanders during the most precarious years of the Civil War. Turning first to Lincoln's cabinet, Hearn explains that Lincoln exercised a unique decision-making process: he reached a firm conclusion on an issue, but then he debated it endlessly with his cabinet or generals as if still undecided. To ensure the liveliest discourse, Lincoln appointed as his advisors men with widely differing political motivations. The Republican Lincoln spent four years attempting to bring together his cabinet of former Whigs and Democrats in the spirit of cooperation, but he never completely achieved his purpose. Hearn explores the president's relationship with this cabinet, the problems he encountered selecting it, and the difficulties he experienced attempting to maintain ideological balance while trying to maneuver around those who disagreed with him. Lincoln never broached a subject that did not create some level of dissent within the cabinet, and differences in political philosophy and personal rivalries led to great debate over the running of the administration, the selection of generals, foreign relations and military mobilization, emancipation, freedom of the press, civil rights, and other issues. Still, Hearn asserts, Lincoln's ability to navigate internal scuffles and external turmoil helped to define his presidency. Hearn next demonstrates convincingly that even with these difficulties, Lincoln manipulated his cabinet far more adroitly than he did his generals. Many of Lincoln's top military commanders had political aspirations or agendas of their own, while others were close friends of his intransigent cabinet members. Having assumed the role as de facto army chief, Lincoln took responsibility for the mishandling of battles fought by his generals, some of whom were incompetent and unmanageable politicians. Hearn examines the often-disastrous generalship and its impact on Lincoln and the cabinet, as well as the public, the press, and Congress. Based on over a decade of research, Lincoln, the Cabinet, and the Generals offers both a fresh perspective on and a new interpretation of Lincoln's presidency -- one that reveals the leadership genius as well as the imperfections of America's sixteenth president.

Book Inside Lincoln s Cabinet

    Book Details:
  • Author : Salmon P. Chase
  • Publisher :
  • Release : 2011-10
  • ISBN : 9781258108342
  • Pages : 354 pages

Download or read book Inside Lincoln s Cabinet written by Salmon P. Chase and published by . This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Ways and Means

    Book Details:
  • Author : Roger Lowenstein
  • Publisher : Penguin
  • Release : 2023-03-07
  • ISBN : 0735223572
  • Pages : 457 pages

Download or read book Ways and Means written by Roger Lowenstein and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2023-03-07 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Captivating . . . [Lowenstein] makes what subsequently occurred at Treasury and on Wall Street during the early 1860s seem as enthralling as what transpired on the battlefield or at the White House.” —Harold Holzer, Wall Street Journal “Ways and Means, an account of the Union’s financial policies, examines a subject long overshadowed by military narratives . . . Lowenstein is a lucid stylist, able to explain financial matters to readers who lack specialized knowledge.” —Eric Foner, New York Times Book Review From renowned journalist and master storyteller Roger Lowenstein, a revelatory financial investigation into how Lincoln and his administration used the funding of the Civil War as the catalyst to centralize the government and accomplish the most far-reaching reform in the country’s history Upon his election to the presidency, Abraham Lincoln inherited a country in crisis. Even before the Confederacy’s secession, the United States Treasury had run out of money. The government had no authority to raise taxes, no federal bank, no currency. But amid unprecedented troubles Lincoln saw opportunity—the chance to legislate in the centralizing spirit of the “more perfect union” that had first drawn him to politics. With Lincoln at the helm, the United States would now govern “for” its people: it would enact laws, establish a currency, raise armies, underwrite transportation and higher education, assist farmers, and impose taxes for them. Lincoln believed this agenda would foster the economic opportunity he had always sought for upwardly striving Americans, and which he would seek in particular for enslaved Black Americans. Salmon Chase, Lincoln’s vanquished rival and his new secretary of the Treasury, waged war on the financial front, levying taxes and marketing bonds while desperately battling to contain wartime inflation. And while the Union and Rebel armies fought increasingly savage battles, the Republican-led Congress enacted a blizzard of legislation that made the government, for the first time, a powerful presence in the lives of ordinary Americans. The impact was revolutionary. The activist 37th Congress legislated for homesteads and a transcontinental railroad and involved the federal government in education, agriculture, and eventually immigration policy. It established a progressive income tax and created the greenback—paper money. While the Union became self-sustaining, the South plunged into financial free fall, having failed to leverage its cotton wealth to finance the war. Founded in a crucible of anticentralism, the Confederacy was trapped in a static (and slave-based) agrarian economy without federal taxing power or other means of government financing, save for its overworked printing presses. This led to an epic collapse. Though Confederate troops continued to hold their own, the North’s financial advantage over the South, where citizens increasingly went hungry, proved decisive; the war was won as much (or more) in the respective treasuries as on the battlefields. Roger Lowenstein reveals the largely untold story of how Lincoln used the urgency of the Civil War to transform a union of states into a nation. Through a financial lens, he explores how this second American revolution, led by Lincoln, his cabinet, and a Congress studded with towering statesmen, changed the direction of the country and established a government of the people, by the people, and for the people.

Book Presidential Command

    Book Details:
  • Author : Peter W. Rodman
  • Publisher : Vintage
  • Release : 2009-01-06
  • ISBN : 0307271285
  • Pages : 369 pages

Download or read book Presidential Command written by Peter W. Rodman and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2009-01-06 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An official in the Nixon, Ford, Reagan, and both Bush administrations, Peter W. Rodman draws on his firsthand knowledge of the Oval Office to explore the foreign-policy leadership of every president from Nixon to George W. Bush. This riveting and informative book about the inner workings of our government is rich with anecdotes and fly-on-the-wall portraits of presidents and their closest advisors. It is essential reading for historians, political junkies, and for anyone in charge of managing a large organization.

Book Stanton

Download or read book Stanton written by Walter Stahr and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Of the crucial men close to President Lincoln, Secretary of War Edwin Stanton (1814-1869) was the most powerful and controversial. Stanton raised, armed, and supervised the army of a million men who won the Civil War. He organized the war effort. He directed military movements from his telegraph office, where Lincoln literally hung out with him ... Now with this worthy complement to the enduring library of biographical accounts of those who helped Lincoln preserve the Union, Stanton honors the indispensable partner of the sixteenth president"--

Book Lincoln  the Cabinet  and the Generals

Download or read book Lincoln the Cabinet and the Generals written by Chester G. Hearn and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While numerous accounts exist of President Abraham Lincoln's often-troubled dealings with either his cabinet or his generals, Chester G. Hearn's illuminating history provides the first broad synthesis of Lincoln's complex relationship with both groups. As such, it casts new light on much of the behind-the-scenes interplay, intrigue, and sparring between the president and his advisors and military commanders during the most precarious years of the Civil War. Turning first to Lincoln's cabinet, Hearn explains that Lincoln exercised a unique decision-making process: he reached a firm conclusion on an issue, but then he debated it endlessly with his cabinet or generals as if still undecided. To ensure the liveliest discourse, Lincoln appointed as his advisors men with widely differing political motivations. The Republican Lincoln spent four years attempting to bring together his cabinet of former Whigs and Democrats in the spirit of cooperation, but he never completely achieved his purpose. Hearn explores the president's relationship with this cabinet, the problems he encountered selecting it, and the difficulties he experienced attempting to maintain ideological balance while trying to maneuver around those who disagreed with him. Lincoln never broached a subject that did not create some level of dissent within the cabinet, and differences in political philosophy and personal rivalries led to great debate over the running of the administration, the selection of generals, foreign relations and military mobilization, emancipation, freedom of the press, civil rights, and other issues. Still, Hearn asserts, Lincoln's ability to navigate internal scuffles and external turmoil helped to define his presidency. Hearn next demonstrates convincingly that even with these difficulties, Lincoln manipulated his cabinet far more adroitly than he did his generals. Many of Lincoln's top military commanders had political aspirations or agendas of their own, while others were close friends of his intransigent cabinet members. Having assumed the role as de facto army chief, Lincoln took responsibility for the mishandling of battles fought by his generals, some of whom were incompetent and unmanageable politicians. Hearn examines the often-disastrous generalship and its impact on Lincoln and the cabinet, as well as the public, the press, and Congress. Based on over a decade of research, Lincoln, the Cabinet, and the Generals offers both a fresh perspective on and a new interpretation of Lincoln's presidency -- one that reveals the leadership genius as well as the imperfections of America's sixteenth president.

Book Inside Lincoln   s Cabinet  The Civil War Diaries Of Salmon P  Chase

Download or read book Inside Lincoln s Cabinet The Civil War Diaries Of Salmon P Chase written by Salmon P. Chase and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vivid, lucid and extremely illuminating diary of Salmon P. Chase remained scattered until 1954 when they were published under the editorship of eminent Civil War historian David H. Donald. Chase served as Secretary of the Treasury in President Lincoln’s cabinet from 1861 to 1864, during the Civil War, despite the crisis he instituted the establishment of a national banking system and the issue of paper currency. Ambitious, talented and underhand, his diaries reveal the Civil War at its highest level on the Union side. “SOME of the best American diaries record the turbulent years of the Civil War... Of the important Northern Civil War diaries, one has been unduly neglected—the journals of Salmon Portland Chase, Lincoln’s Secretary of the Treasury....For a good many years I have hoped to edit Chase’s Civil War diaries, believing that the importance both of the man and of his position warranted publication, I have tried to present the diaries just as Chase wrote them. Beyond standardizing the dates which head each entry, I have not tampered with the text.”-David H. Donald.

Book Lincoln and the Jews

    Book Details:
  • Author : Jonathan D. Sarna
  • Publisher : Macmillan
  • Release : 2015-03-17
  • ISBN : 1466864613
  • Pages : 671 pages

Download or read book Lincoln and the Jews written by Jonathan D. Sarna and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2015-03-17 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One hundred and fifty years after Abraham Lincoln's death, the full story of his extraordinary relationship with Jews is told here for the first time. Lincoln and the Jews: A History provides readers both with a captivating narrative of his interactions with Jews, and with the opportunity to immerse themselves in rare manuscripts and images, many from the Shapell Lincoln Collection, that show Lincoln in a way he has never been seen before. Lincoln's lifetime coincided with the emergence of Jews on the national scene in the United States. When he was born, in 1809, scarcely 3,000 Jews lived in the entire country. By the time of his assassination in 1865, large-scale immigration, principally from central Europe, had brought that number up to more than 150,000. Many Americans, including members of Lincoln's cabinet and many of his top generals during the Civil War, were alarmed by this development and treated Jews as second-class citizens and religious outsiders. Lincoln, this book shows, exhibited precisely the opposite tendency. He also expressed a uniquely deep knowledge of the Old Testament, employing its language and concepts in some of his most important writings. He befriended Jews from a young age, promoted Jewish equality, appointed numerous Jews to public office, had Jewish advisors and supporters starting already from the early 1850s, as well as later during his two presidential campaigns, and in response to Jewish sensitivities, even changed the way he thought and spoke about America. Through his actions and his rhetoric—replacing "Christian nation," for example, with "this nation under God"—he embraced Jews as insiders. In this groundbreaking work, the product of meticulous research, historian Jonathan D. Sarna and collector Benjamin Shapell reveal how Lincoln's remarkable relationship with American Jews impacted both his path to the presidency and his policy decisions as president. The volume uncovers a new and previously unknown feature of Abraham Lincoln's life, one that broadened him, and, as a result, broadened America.

Book Inside Lincoln s Cabinet  the Civil War Diaries of Salmon P  Chase

Download or read book Inside Lincoln s Cabinet the Civil War Diaries of Salmon P Chase written by Salmon P (Salmon Portland) 1 Chase and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Book Lincoln and the Power of the Press

Download or read book Lincoln and the Power of the Press written by Harold Holzer and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2014-10-14 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines Abraham Lincoln's relationship with the press, arguing that he used such intimidation and manipulation techniques as closing down dissenting newspapers, pampering favoring newspaper men, and physically moving official telegraph lines.

Book Lincoln s War Cabinet

Download or read book Lincoln s War Cabinet written by Burton Jesse Hendrick and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces each member of Lincoln's cabinet in turn and shows the part each played in the important crises which arose during the Civil War, thus making a collective biography.

Book The Black Man s President

    Book Details:
  • Author : Michael Burlingame
  • Publisher : Simon and Schuster
  • Release : 2021-11-02
  • ISBN : 1643138146
  • Pages : 223 pages

Download or read book The Black Man s President written by Michael Burlingame and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2021-11-02 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frederick Douglass called the martyred president "emphatically the black man's president” as well as “the first who rose above the prejudice of his times and country.” This narrative history of Lincoln’s personal interchange with Black people over the course his career reveals a side of the sixteenth president that, until now, has not been fully explored or understood. In a little-noted eulogy delivered shortly after Lincoln's assassination, Frederick Douglass called the martyred president "emphatically the black man's president," the "first to show any respect for their rights as men.” To justify that description, Douglass pointed not just to Lincoln's official acts and utterances, like the Emancipation Proclamation or the Second Inaugural Address, but also to the president’s own personal experiences with Black people. Referring to one of his White House visits, Douglass said: "In daring to invite a Negro to an audience at the White House, Mr. Lincoln was saying to the country: I am President of the black people as well as the white, and I mean to respect their rights and feelings as men and as citizens.” But Lincoln’s description as “emphatically the black man’s president” rests on more than his relationship with Douglass or on his official words and deeds. Lincoln interacted with many other African Americans during his presidency His unfailing cordiality to them, his willingness to meet with them in the White House, to honor their requests, to invite them to consult on public policy, to treat them with respect whether they were kitchen servants or leaders of the Black community, to invite them to attend receptions, to sing and pray with them in their neighborhoods—all those manifestations of an egalitarian spirit fully justified the tributes paid to him by Frederick Douglass and other African Americans like Sojourner Truth, who said: "I never was treated by any one with more kindness and cordiality than were shown to me by that great and good man, Abraham Lincoln.” Historian David S. Reynolds observed recently that only by examining Lincoln’s “personal interchange with Black people do we see the complete falsity of the charges of innate racism that some have leveled against him over the years.”

Book President Lincoln s Cabinet  Classic Reprint

Download or read book President Lincoln s Cabinet Classic Reprint written by John Palmer Usher and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from President Lincoln's Cabinet Mr. Usher's remarks in regard to Mr. Lincoln's Cabinet were first made in a speech delivered at a banquet given by Mr. D. M. Edgerton in honor Of Judge D. D. Hoag, in Wyan dotte, Kansas, on June 20, 1887. The address was impromptu and at the urgent request Of those who heard him Mr. Usher, upon the following day, reduced his remarks to writing; and again I was the amanuensis used for the purpose. They were put in pamphlet form and a very limited number distributed among those who were present upon that occasion. In view of the interesting character and the importance of many Of the facts testified to by Mr. Usher in these state ments, it has seemed worth while to put them in a permanent form and to give them a wider distribution than has hereto fore been done; and while doing so to make known some Of the salient facts as to the life and activities Of Mr. Usher himself. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Commander in Chief

    Book Details:
  • Author : Geoffrey Perret
  • Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
  • Release : 2008-01-22
  • ISBN : 1429923083
  • Pages : 468 pages

Download or read book Commander in Chief written by Geoffrey Perret and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2008-01-22 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How Korea, Vietnam, and Iraq Made The Commander In Chief and Foretell the Future of America This is a story of ever-expanding presidential powers in an age of unwinnable wars. Harry Truman and Korea, Lyndon Johnson and Vietnam, George W. Bush and Iraq: three presidents, three ever broader interpretations of the commander in chief clause of the Constitution, three unwinnable wars, and three presidential secrets. Award-winning presidential biographer and military historian Geoffrey Perret places these men and events in the larger context of the post-World War II world to establish their collective legacy: a presidency so powerful it undermines the checks and balances built into the Constitution, thereby creating a permanent threat to the Constitution itself. In choosing to fight in Korea, Vietnam, and Iraq, Truman, Johnson, and Bush alike took counsel of their fears, ignored the advice of the professional military and major allies, and were influenced by facts kept from public view. Convinced that an ever-more powerful commander in chief was the key to victory, they misread the moment. Since World War II wars have become tests of stamina rather than strength, and more likely than not they sow the seeds of future wars. Yet recent American presidents have chosen to place their country in the forefront of fighting them. In the course of doing so, however, they gave away the secret of American power—for all its might, the United States can be defeated by chaos and anarchy.

Book Inside Lincoln s White House

Download or read book Inside Lincoln s White House written by Michael Burlingame and published by SIU Press. This book was released on 1999-02-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 18 April 1861, assistant presidential secretary John Hay recorded in his diary the report of several women that "some young Virginian long haired swaggering chivalrous of course. . . and half a dozen others including a daredevil guerrilla from Richmond named Ficklin would do a thing within forty eight hours that would ring through the world." The women feared that the Virginian planned either to assassinate or to capture the president. Calling this a "harrowing communication," Hay continued his entry: "They went away and I went to the bedside of the Chief couché. I told him the yarn; he quietly grinned." This is but one of the dramatic entries in Hay’s Civil War diary, presented here in a definitive edition by Michael Burlingame and John R. Turner Ettlinger. Justly deemed the most intimate record we will ever have of Abraham Lincoln in the White House, the Hay diary is, according to Burlingame and Ettlinger, "one of the richest deposits of high-grade ore for the smelters of Lincoln biographers and Civil War historians." While the Cabinet diaries of Salmon P. Chase, Edward Bates, and Gideon Welles also shed much light on Lincoln’s presidency, as does the diary of Senator Orville Hickman Browning, none of these diaries has the literary flair of Hay’s, which is, as Lincoln’s friend Horace White noted, as "breezy and sparkling as champagne." An aspiring poet, Hay recorded events in a scintillating style that the lawyer-politician diarists conspicuously lacked. Burlingame and Ettlinger’s edition of the diary is the first to publish the complete text of all of Hay’s entries from 1861 through 1864. In 1939 Tyler Dennett published Lincoln and the Civil War in the Diaries and Letters of John Hay, which, as Civil War historian Allan Nevins observed, was "rather casually edited." This new edition is essential in part because Dennett omitted approximately 10 percent of Hay’s 1861–64 entries. Not only did the Dennett edition omit important parts of the diaries, it also introduced some glaring errors. More than three decades ago, John R. Turner Ettlinger, then in charge of Special Collections at the Brown University Library, made a careful and literal transcript of the text of the diary, which involved deciphering Hay’s difficult and occasionally obscure writing. In particular, passages were restored that had been canceled, sometimes heavily, by the first editors for reasons of confidentiality and propriety. Ettlinger’s text forms the basis for the present edition, which also incorporates, with many additions and much updating by Burlingame, a body of notes providing a critical apparatus to the diary, identifying historical events and persons.