Download or read book Influence of Supplemental Protein on Daily Grazing Time Forage Intake Digests and Ruminal Kinetics Ruminal Fermentation and Digestion in Beef Cattle Grazing Dormant Intermediate Wheatgrass Pasture written by Bret Hess and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Source of Supplemental Nutrients on Forage Intake Digestive Kinetics and Protein Supply to the Small Intestine of Grazing Calves written by Thelton Mark Hill and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Fishmeal Supplementation on Metabolizable Protein of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Wheat Pasutre written by Jorge A. Rodela and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eight ruminally and duodenally cannulated, angus-crossbred cows (665 ± 20.6 kg) grazing winter wheat pasture (WWP) were used in a complete randomized design to evaluate the effects of fish meal (FM) supplementation on forage intake, characteristics of digestion and metabolizable protein of cattle grazing WWP. The experiment was conducted from March 7 through March 19, 2016. Treatments consisted of cows grazing in a single pasture and supplemented with FM to provide: control, no RUP supplement (CON), or FM supplemented at a level calculated to supply 10% of the forage CP intake as RUP (FM). Supplemental FM was placed directly into the rumen cannula once daily at 0700 h. Forage DM, NDF, CP, total OM intake, OM intake expressed as g/kg of BW were not affected (P ≥ 0.44) by FM supplementation. Also, supplemental FM had no effects on microbial protein efficiency (P = 0.34), microbial protein synthesis (P = 0.70), feed protein bypassing rumen fermentation (P = 0.72), or total CP flowing to duodenum (P = 0.07). Moreover, true ruminal, or total tract digestibility of OM, NDF, and CP were not affected (P ≥ 0.38) by FM supplementation. Ruminal pH (6.37, and 6.43 ± 0.09 for CON and FM, respectively), total VFA production (50.2, and 49.7 ± 0.1.74 mM for CON and FM, respectively), acetate (74.4, and 74.6 ± 0.77 mol/100 mol for CON and FM, respectively), propionate (16.7, and 16.1 ± 0.62 mol/100 mol for CON and FM, respectively) and acetate/propionate ratio (4.49 and 4.69 ± 0.22 for CON and FM, respectively) were not affected by FM supplementation (P ≥ 0.49). Although FM supplementation did not decrease forage intake, it failed to improve MP of cows grazing WWP. The results indicate that improvements in performance of cattle grazing WWP should not be expected with supplementing FM at the level supplemented in this experiment
Download or read book Effects of Supplemental Energy and Protein on Forage Digestion and Urea Kinetics in Beef Cattle written by Eric Arthur Bailey and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two experiments quantified effects of supplemental protein and energy on forage digestion and urea kinetics in beef cattle. In experiment 1, energy treatments included: control, 600 g glucose dosed ruminally once daily, and 480 g VFA infused ruminally over 8 h daily. Casein was dosed ruminally once daily (120 or 240 g). Cattle (208 kg) had ad libitum access to low-quality hay (5.8% protein). Infusion of VFA decreased forage intake by 27%. Glucose decreased NDF digestibility. Microbial N flow was greater for 240 than for 120 g/d casein, but was not affected by energy. Retained N increased with casein supply. Urea-N entry rate (UER) and gut entry of urea-N (GER) were not affected by energy, casein, or interactions, but GER/UER was less when 240 rather than 120 g/d casein was provided. Compared to VFA, glucose tended to increase GER/UER. Glucose led to more microbial uptake of recycled urea than VFA. In these young calves, changes in N and energy supply did not greatly impact urea kinetics, likely because increased N was largely retained. In experiment 2, treatments included: 0 or 1.2 kg glucose, and 240 or 480 g casein. Cattle (391 kg) were fed low-quality hay (4.7% protein). Glucose reduced forage intake by 18%, whereas casein did not affect it, and depressed fiber digestion. Microbial N flow to the duodenum and retained N increased as casein increased, but neither was affected by glucose. Increasing casein increased UER 50%. Urinary urea-N increased as casein increased; moreover, GER numerically increased 25% as casein increased. GER/UER decreased as casein increased. Glucose decreased urinary urea, but did not change UER or GER. Microbial uptake of recycled urea was least for steers receiving 480 g/d casein with no glucose, reflecting that this treatment exceeded ruminal requirement for N. In these more mature steers, increases in N intake increased UER, reflecting that only small proportions of the increased N intake were retained. Thus, as steer maturity increased, UER and GER increased, likely because less N was retained. These studies demonstrate the influence of urea recycling in meeting N needs of cattle fed low-quality forage.
Download or read book Effects of Protein Supplementation and Forage Quality on Intake and Digestion in Cattle written by Jamie Kunkel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many pasture and rangeland scenarios, low-quality forages (6-8% CP) are the primary energy source for some portion of the year. At these times, energy is typically the first limiting nutrient to the ruminant. Low-quality forages are generally not limited in availability; however, the high cell wall content and reduced levels of CP prevent ruminants from being able to extract the harvested energy. Without provision of supplemental nutrients, the available energy may be inadequate to meet performance expectations. Protein supplementation during periods of inadequate forage quality has been observed to alleviate ruminal nitrogen deficiencies and increase forage utilization. Increased forage utilization translates into greater energy extraction allowing for increased animal performance. The first trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of utilizing non-protein nitrogen (a slow-release urea compared to urea) on intake and digestion of beef steers consuming low-quality bermudagrass hay. Steers were provided ad libitum access to a low-quality bermudagrass hay (7.3 % CP and were ruminally dosed once daily with either urea or slow-release urea (SRU) at levels to provide 0, 64, 128, or 192 mg of N/kg of initial BW per day. Additionally, steers were supplemented with glycerol at levels of 0 or 0.1% of initial BW per day. Total OMI and forage OMI (FOMI) increased quadratically (P
Download or read book Influence of Protein and Energy Supplementaton on Dietary Composition Intake Digesta Kinetics Ruminal Fermentation Site and Extent of Digestion and Microbial Protein Synthesis in Steers Grazing Blue Grama Rangeland written by Aman Ullah Cheema and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Influence of Protein Supplementation on Ruminal and Cecal Fermentation and Digesta Kinetics in Steers Grazing Dormant Blue Grama Rangeland and Sheep Fed Low quality Hay written by Joel S. Caton and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Monensin Supplementation and Wheat Pasture Maturity on Forage Intake and Digestion Characteristics of Cows Grazing Winter Wheat Pasture written by Ulises A. Sanchez-Sandoval and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eight Angus cross-bred cows (669 ± 23.2 kg of BW) fitted with duodenal and ruminal cannulas grazing winter wheat pasture (WWP) were used in a split-plot design to evaluate the effects of monensin supplementation and WWP stage of maturity on forage intake, digestive function, metabolizable protein, and ruminal fermentation. Supplemental treatment was the main plot, and stage of maturity was the subplot. Two levels of monensin supplementation: 1) Control (CON; 1.0 kgcow−1d−1 of wheat middling only), and 2) monensin (MON; CON plus 200 mg of monensin); and two stages of WWP maturity: 2) mid-March (MAR; March 13 to March 26; vegetative stage), and 2) early April) (APR; March 27 to April 8; heading stage) of 2017 were compared in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Cows grazed in a single wheat pasture with supplements deposited directly into their rumens through their rumen cannula at 0700 daily. Monensin supplementation did not affect forage intake (P = 0.64), nutrient flow to duodenum (P ≥ 0.47) or total tract digestion expressed as kg/d (P > 0.45). Although, OM and CP flowing to the duodenum were not affected by monensin supplementation (P ≥ 0.53), microbial OM and microbial CP decreased (P = 0.03) with monensin supplementation. As stage of maturity of WWP advanced, forage intake (P = 0.02), ruminal digestibility of DM and OM (P ≤ 0.05) and total tract digestion expressed as kg/d (P = 0.01) decreased. Also, total duodenal CP (P = 0.01), microbial protein (P = 0.01), and feed protein (bypass protein; P = 0.03) flow decreased with advancing WWP stage of maturity. Monensin supplementation increased (P = 0.01) propionate (18.38, and 20.79 ± 0.55 mol/100 mol), and decreased (P = 0.01) the acetate: propionate ratio (3.26, and 2.73 ± 0.13). Ruminal pH (6.03 and 6.31 ± 0.08), acetate (54.6 and 58.3 ± 0.98 mol/100 mol), and acetate propionate ratio (2.52, and 3.48 ± 0.13) increased (P ≤ 0.04), and propionate (21.9, and 17.3 ± 0.56 mol/100 mol) decreased (P ≤ 0.05) with advancing WWP stage of maturity. Results suggest that monensin increases propionate without affecting forage intake, digestibility or metabolizable protein of cattle grazing WWP. Key words: metabolizable protein, microbial synthesis, monensin, winter wheat pasture
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Protein Supplementation on Performance Intake Diet Habits Forage Removal and Digesta Kinetics of Cattle Grazing Dormant Blue Grama Rangeland written by Mark Bennett Judkins and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Protein Supplement Sources on Intake and Digestion of Steers Fed Low quality Forage written by Courtney Chanel Stefan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potential protein supplements to grazing cattle were evaluated in two projects. In the first project, Karanja seedcake samples were prepared and ruminally incubated using the in situ method to measure nutrient disappearance in cattle consuming low-quality forage. Organic matter and CP were fractionated by degradability into A, B, and C fractions. Organic matter fraction A degradability ranged from 59.6 to 89% (P
Download or read book Kinetics of Ruminal Nitrogen Digestion of Wheat Forage and High Protein Feedstuffs and the Effects of Supplemental Protein on the Performance of Growing Cattle on Wheat Pasture written by Gary John Vogel and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Rumen Degradable Protein in Concentrate on Cow Performance with Two Grazing Strategies in 2016 and 2017 written by Ronald Zom and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two grazing experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of 1. Compartmented continuous grazing 2. Strip grazing and 3. Protein supplementation strategy (Low and High rumen degradable protein (RDP) and high RDP plus additional metabolisable protein) on pasture intake, milk and milk solids yield in spring calving dairy cows. Neither grazing system nor protein supplementation strategy influenced pasture dry matter intake. However, high RDP resulted in higher milk yield and milk protein outputs. Additional high RDP plus additional metabolisable protein did not result in further improvement of milk performance. High RDP and high RDP plus additional metabolisable protein resulted in reduced nitrogen use efficiency. Despite similar diet compositions in both experiments, there were large differences in rumen NH3 and apparent OMD between experiments, suggesting strong year to year effects in rumen fermentation and rumen digestion which were not reflected in the feeding values.
Download or read book Effects of Grain and Monensin on Ruminal Fermentation Forage Intake and Digestibility Digesta Kinetics and Performance in Beef Steers Grazing Native Range Or Winter Wheat Pasture written by Mark Everett Branine and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gut efficiency the key ingredient in ruminant production written by Sylvie Andrieu and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, dairy and beef production has become an extremely competitive industry. While the world milk production is predicted to grow significantly by 2020 with the emergence of new consumers in developing countries, milk and meat production in the more establish markets now has to fulfil new societal needs beside the simple product supply: animal health, food safety, and production environmental impact are some of them. At the same time, the recent extreme increase in feed costs emphasizes again the key role of rumen and gut efficiency management in production economics. All these new thematic topics are central to the proper management of ruminant digestive process. Producers must endeavour to seek new technologies to improve production efficiency, animal health and production costs while keeping in mind the environmental impact these changes make. ‘Gut efficiency; the key ingredient in ruminant production’ brings together some of the world’s leading authorities in the field of ruminant nutrition and production. It considers the importance of digestive health in performance achievement together with novel strategies to manage it. It is aimed at nutritionists, veterinarians and animal producers as well as students and researchers studying animal and applied biological sciences.
Download or read book Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of Ruminants Digestive physiology written by D. C. Church and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ruminant Animal written by D. C. Church and published by Waveland Press. This book was released on 1993-07-09 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excellent for its quality and in-depth coverage! This volume represents a compilation of important information on major topics related to nutrient requirements and nutrient metabolism among ruminants. This outstanding collection facilitates the dissemination of this ever-growing body of knowledge and is a valuable tool for achieving a more complete understanding of the subject. An abundance of photographs, diagrams, and tables illustrate and reinforce the text, serving to enhance student comprehension.
