Download or read book Industrial Adaptation in the Primary Aluminium Industry written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington : sold by OECD Publications Center]. This book was released on 1976 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrial adaptation in the primary aluminium industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrial Adaption in the Primary Aluminium Industry written by Oecd and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book R D Abstracts written by Technology Reports Centre (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improved Energy Efficiency in the Aluminium Industry and its Supply Chains written by Joakim Haraldsson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-20 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy is an essential resource in the daily lives of humans. However, the extraction and use of energy has an impact on the environment. The industrial sector accounts for a large share of the global final energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The largest source of industrial GHG emissions is energy use. The production and processing of aluminium is energy- and GHG-intensive, and uses significant amounts of fossil fuels and electricity. At the same time, the global demand for aluminium is predicted to rise significantly by the year 2050. Improved energy efficiency is one of the most important approaches for reducing industrial GHG emissions. Additionally, improved energy efficiency in industry is a competitive advantage for companies due to the cost reductions that energy efficiency improvements yield. The aim of this thesis was to study improved energy efficiency in the individual companies and the entire supply chains of the aluminium industry. This included studying energy efficiency measures, potentials for energy efficiency improvements and energy savings, and which factors inhibit or drive the work to improve energy efficiency. The aim and the research questions were answered by conducting a literature review, focus groups, questionnaires and calculations of effects on primary energy use, GHG emissions, and energy and CO2 costs. This thesis identified several energy efficiency measures that can be implemented by the individual companies in the aluminium industry and the aluminium casting foundries. The individual companies have large potentials for improving their energy efficiency. Energy efficiency measures within the electrolysis process have significant effects on primary energy use, GHG emissions, and energy and CO2 costs. This thesis showed that joint work between the companies in the supply chains of the aluminium industry is needed in order to achieve further energy efficiency improvements compared to the companies only working on their own. The joint work between the companies in the supply chain is needed to avoid sub-optimisation of the total energy use throughout the entire supply chain. Better communication and closer collaboration between all the companies in the supply chain are two of the most important aspects of the joint work to improve energy efficiency. An energy audit for the entire supply chain could be conducted as a first step in the joint work between the companies in the supply chains. Another important aspect is to increase the use of secondary aluminium or remelted material waste rather than primary aluminium. The companies in the Swedish aluminium industry and the aluminium casting foundries have come some way in their work to improve energy efficiency within their own facilities. However, the results in this thesis indicate that cost-effective technology and improved management can, in total, save 126–185 GWh/year in the Swedish aluminium industry and 8–15 GWh/year in the Swedish aluminium casting foundries. This thesis identified several demands regarding economics, product quality and performance, and environment placed on the companies and products in the supply chains that affect energy use and work to improve energy efficiency. These demands can sometimes counteract each other, and some demands are more important to meet than improving energy efficiency. This implies that improving the energy efficiency of the supply chains as well as designing products so they are energy-efficient in their use phase can sometimes be difficult. The results in this thesis indicate that it would be beneficial if the companies reviewed these demands to see whether any of them could be changed. Both the economic aspects and demands from customers and authorities were shown to be important drivers for improved energy efficiency in the supply chains. However, placing demands on energy-efficient production and a company’s improved energy efficiency would require those placing the demands to have deeper knowledge compared to demanding green energy, for example. Requiring a company to implement an energy management system to ensure active work to improve energy efficiency would be easier for the customer than demanding a certain level of energy efficiency in the company’s processes. Additionally, energy audits and demands on conducted energy audits could act as drivers for improved energy efficiency throughout the supply chains. This thesis showed that the most important barriers to improved energy efficiency within the individual companies include different types of risks as well as the cost of production disruption, complex production processes and technology being inappropriate at the site. Similar to the supply chains, important drivers for improved energy efficiency within the individual companies were shown to be economic aspects and demands from customers and authorities. However, the factors that are most important for driving the work to improve energy efficiency within the individual companies include the access to and utilisation of knowledge within the company, corporate culture, a longterm energy strategy, networking within the sector, information from technology suppliers and energy audits. Energi är en viktig resurs i människors dagliga liv, men utvinningen och användningen av energi påverkar miljön. Industrin står för en stor andel av den globala slutliga energianvändningen och de globala utsläppen av växthusgaser. Den största källan till industriella växthusgasutsläpp är energianvändning. Produktionen och bearbetningen av aluminium är energiintensiv och har stora utsläpp av växthusgaser och använder betydande mängder fossila bränslen och elektricitet. Samtidigt beräknas efterfrågan på aluminium öka avsevärt globalt till år 2050. Energieffektivisering är ett av de viktigaste medlen för att minska industriella växthusgasutsläpp. Dessutom är energieffektivisering inom industrin en konkurrensfördel för företagen på grund av de minskade kostnader som energieffektivisering medför. Syftet med den här avhandlingen var att studera hur energianvändningen kan bli effektivare i de enskilda företagen och hela försörjningskedjorna i aluminiumindustrin. Detta inkluderade att studera energieffektiviseringsåtgärder, potentialer för energieffektivisering och energibesparing samt vilka faktorer som hindrar eller driver arbetet med energieffektivisering. Syftet och frågeställningarna besvarades genom litteraturstudier, fokusgrupper, enkäter samt beräkningar av påverkan på primärenergianvändning, växthusgasutsläpp och energi- och koldioxidkostnader. Denna avhandling identifierade flera energieffektiviseringsåtgärder som kan genomföras av de enskilda företagen inom aluminiumindustrin och aluminiumgjuterierna. De enskilda företagen har stora potentialer för effektivare energianvändning. Energieffektiviseringsåtgärder inom elektrolysen har stor påverkan på primärenergianvändning, växthusgasutsläpp samt energi- och koldioxidkostnader. Denna avhandling visade att det gemensamma arbetet mellan företagen i aluminiumindustrins försörjningskedjor är viktigt för att uppnå ytterligare effektiviseringar av energianvändningen jämfört med om de individuella företagen skulle arbeta enbart på egen hand. Det gemensamma arbetet mellan företagen i försörjningskedjan är viktigt för att undvika suboptimering av den totala energianvändningen i hela försörjningskedjan. Bättre kommunikation och närmare samarbete mellan alla företagen i försörjningskedjan är två av de viktigaste aspekterna i det gemensamma arbetet för att uppnå effektivare energianvändning. En energikartläggning av hela försörjningskedjan kan genomföras som ett första steg i det gemensamma arbetet mellan företagen. En annan viktig aspekt är att öka användningen av sekundärt aluminium eller omsmält processkrot snarare än att använda primärt aluminium. Företagen i den svenska aluminiumindustrin och aluminiumgjuterierna har kommit en bit på vägen i deras arbeten mot effektivare energianvändning inom deras egna anläggningar. Dock visade resultaten i denna avhandling att kostnadseffektiv teknik och förbättrad energiledning totalt kan spara 126–185 GWh/år i den svenska aluminiumindustrin och 8–15 GWh/år i de svenska aluminiumgjuterierna. Denna avhandling identifierade flera krav rörande ekonomi, produktkvalitet och -prestanda samt miljö som ställs på företagen och produkterna i försörjningskedjorna och som påverkar energianvändningen och arbetet mot effektivare energianvändning. Dessa krav kan ibland motverka varandra och vissa krav är viktigare att möta än att effektivisera energianvändningen. Detta innebär att det ibland kan vara svårt att energieffektivisera försörjningskedjorna samt att designa energianvändande produkter så att de är energieffektiva i användningsfasen. Resultaten i denna avhandling visar att det skulle vara fördelaktigt om företagen granskar kraven för att se om något av kraven skulle kunna ändras. Både de ekonomiska aspekterna och krav från kunder och myndigheter visade sig vara viktiga drivkrafter för energieffektivisering i försörjningskedjorna. Om krav ställs på energieffektiv produktion och effektivare energianvändning inom ett företag behöver de aktörer som ställer kraven ha djupare kunskaper jämfört med om de till exempel skulle kräva användandet av grön energi. Ett krav på implementeringen av ett energiledningssystem för att säkerställa ett aktivt arbete med energieffektivisering skulle vara lättare för kunden att ställa än att kräva en viss energieffektiviseringsnivå i leverantörens processer. Dessutom kan energikartläggningar och krav på genomförda energikartläggningar fungera som drivkrafter för energieffektivisering i försörjningskedjorna. Denna avhandling visade att de viktigaste hindren mot energieffektivisering inom de enskilda företagen är olika typer av risker samt kostnader för produktionsstörningar, komplexa produktionsprocesser och att tekniken inte är applicerbar inom anläggningen. I likhet med försörjningskedjorna uppkom de ekonomiska aspekterna och krav från kunder och myndigheter som viktiga drivkrafter för energieffektivisering inom de enskilda företagen. Dock är de viktigaste faktorerna för att driva på arbetet med energieffektivisering inom de enskilda företagen tillgången till och utnyttjandet av kunskap inom företaget, företagskulturen, en långsiktig energistrategi, nätverkande inom branschen, information från teknikleverantörer och energikartläggningar.
Download or read book IBA Quarterly Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1979-10 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Activities of OECD in written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Pollution Analysis written by R. Swarup and published by Mittal Publications. This book was released on with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Activities of OECD written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industry as a Partner for Sustainable Development written by and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2002 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In February 2001 UNEP, in partnership with a variety of industry associations and organizations launched a reporting initiative to gauge progress by the private sector towards sustainable development. This effort contributes to the wider review of progress with the implementation of Agenda 21, under the framework of the World Summit on Sustainable Development. These volumes present sectoral reports on the progress towards sustainable development.
Download or read book The Production of Aluminum and Its Industrial Use written by Adolphe Minet and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Production of Aluminum and Its Industrial Use by b. 1853Leonard Waldo, first published in 1905, is a rare manuscript, the original residing in one of the great libraries of the world. This book is a reproduction of that original, which has been scanned and cleaned by state-of-the-art publishing tools for better readability and enhanced appreciation. Restoration Editors' mission is to bring long out of print manuscripts back to life. Some smudges, annotations or unclear text may still exist, due to permanent damage to the original work. We believe the literary significance of the text justifies offering this reproduction, allowing a new generation to appreciate it.
Download or read book Alcan Aluminium Limited written by Isaiah A. Litvak and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Aluminium Industry written by James R. King and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-02-23 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust but, because aluminium was isolated experimentally only in 1827 and produced in commercial quantities only after 1886, its production and use is many times less than that of iron. However over twice as much aluminium is produced as copper and the annual percentage growth in its consumption between 1985 and 1998 at 2.8% is significantly greater than that of iron and steel.The aluminium industry provides an in-depth overview of the international aluminium trade at the turn of the millennium. Its clearly presented information, analysis and statistics bring the industry into sharp focus – from extraction and refining to applications, markets, prices and future trends.The aluminium industry is essential reading for: - Professionals whose businesses participate in, supply or buy from any part of the aluminium industry - The finance community with investment interests in the metals or raw materials industries - Engineers needing an overview of the structure and commercial operation of the aluminium industry - Government policy makers and all those needing an introduction to the industry or a training resource for new entrantsRead this guide and find out about: - How the aluminium industry has developed from its earliest beginnings - How the key raw materials, bauxite and alumina are processed - Why technical trends are changing the production of aluminium - How primary aluminium is priced - The role of recycled aluminium metal - How demand is changing and the main applications for aluminium products today and in the future - The organisation of international trade, industry corporate structures and the key issues that will determine the industry's future
Download or read book Industrial Investment written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Organisations Publications written by Great Britain. Her Majesty's Stationery Office and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The World Aluminium Industry written by M. H. Govett and published by International Publishers Service, Incorporated. This book was released on 1981 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrial Investment written by Grande-Bretagne. Board of trade and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
