Download or read book In Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis Do Hip Strength and Range of Motion Impairments Affect Activity Limitations written by Elizabeth Arpin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease involving the loss of articular cartilage from the joints, with knee OA being the most commonly affected joint. It is necessary to explore hip range of motion and strength in patients with knee OA, as they may be prognostic factors for activity limitations. The purpose of this review was to better understand the role of hip strength and range of motion impairments in activity limitations in patients with knee OA. Method: A comprehensive search of Medline Complete, CINAHL, Cochrane, and PubMed was conducted to find articles that examined the clinical question starting in October 2016. Each article was appraised for quality by 2 authors, according to pre-established appraisal checklists created for each study design. Results: The search resulted in 107 hits. After reading titles and abstracts and applying set inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 articles were used to answer the clinical question. This included 1 systematic review of prognostic studies, 2 randomized clinical trial, 1 non-randomized clinical trial, 1 cross-sectional cohort study, 1 cohort study, and 1 prognostic study. Discussion/Conclusion: Based on the available evidence, decreased hip strength and range of motion are predictors for increased activity limitations in patients with knee OA. The clinical decision to implement a comprehensive treatment plan including hip strengthening and range of motion exercises is suggested for this patient to address and modify risk factors associated with increased activity limitations. However, further research is necessary to standardize baseline characteristics and understand the most beneficial intervention protocol.
Download or read book Selected Health Conditions and Likelihood of Improvement with Treatment written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-07-12 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide disability benefits: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. SSDI provides disability benefits to people (under the full retirement age) who are no longer able to work because of a disabling medical condition. SSI provides income assistance for disabled, blind, and aged people who have limited income and resources regardless of their prior participation in the labor force. Both programs share a common disability determination process administered by SSA and state agencies as well as a common definition of disability for adults: "the inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months." Disabled workers might receive either SSDI benefits or SSI payments, or both, depending on their recent work history and current income and assets. Disabled workers might also receive benefits from other public programs such as workers' compensation, which insures against work-related illness or injuries occurring on the job, but those other programs have their own definitions and eligibility criteria. Selected Health Conditions and Likelihood of Improvement with Treatment identifies and defines the professionally accepted, standard measurements of outcomes improvement for medical conditions. This report also identifies specific, long-lasting medical conditions for adults in the categories of mental health disorders, cancers, and musculoskeletal disorders. Specifically, these conditions are disabling for a length of time, but typically don't result in permanently disabling limitations; are responsive to treatment; and after a specific length of time of treatment, improve to the point at which the conditions are no longer disabling.
Download or read book Total Knee Arthroplasty written by James Alan Rand and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1993 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference on total knee arthroplasty describes all surgical techniques and prosthetic designs for primary and revision arthroplasty, discusses every aspect of patient selection, preoperative planning, and intraoperative and postoperative care.
Download or read book Enabling America written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-11-24 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most recent high-profile advocate for Americans with disabilities, actor Christopher Reeve, has highlighted for the public the economic and social costs of disability and the importance of rehabilitation. Enabling America is a major analysis of the field of rehabilitation science and engineering. The book explains how to achieve recognition for this evolving field of study, how to set priorities, and how to improve the organization and administration of the numerous federal research programs in this area. The committee introduces the "enabling-disability process" model, which enhances the concepts of disability and rehabilitation, and reviews what is known and what research priorities are emerging in the areas of: Pathology and impairment, including differences between children and adults. Functional limitationsâ€"in a person's ability to eat or walk, for example. Disability as the interaction between a person's pathologies, impairments, and functional limitations and the surrounding physical and social environments. This landmark volume will be of special interest to anyone involved in rehabilitation science and engineering: federal policymakers, rehabilitation practitioners and administrators, researchers, and advocates for persons with disabilities.
Download or read book Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise written by Todd S. Ellenbecker and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2001 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closed kinetic chain exercise involving multiple joints is effective in rehabilitation, sport conditioning, and injury prevention. This book provides usable how-tos for applying a variety of techniques and variations to condition the upper and lower extremities. Forty-five closed kinetic chain exercises effective in enhancing muscular strength, power and endurance as well as functional performance, are incorporated into an individualized progressive training or rehabilitation program.--Cover.
Download or read book Measurement Reliability and Effect of Hip Strengthening Exercises in Knee Osteoarthritis written by Elizabeth Anne Sled and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA), the most common cause of physical disability in older adults, is influenced by muscular and biomechanical factors. Reliability of muscular and biomechanical measures, including knee muscle strength and limb alignment, is critical. Furthermore, conservative interventions that slow the course of OA disease progression and prevent disability are urgently needed. The objectives of this thesis were to: 1) investigate the reliability of measures of knee muscle strength and alignment in persons with knee OA, and 2) determine the influence of an exercise intervention targeting hip muscles on knee joint loading in those with medial knee OA. In the first study reliability of knee muscle strength measures was evaluated within one testing session in 40 persons with knee OA. Isometric and isokinetic peak torque values for the quadriceps and hamstring muscles demonstrated high degrees of intra-session reliability. Reliability of lower limb alignment measures was determined following a bone landmark-based approach with use of a computer program. Excellent reliability coefficients were found which compared favorably with reliability of manual measures from schematics of limb deformities drawn with AutoCAD® software. When the computer method was applied to 100 full-limb radiographs of persons with or at risk for knee OA, alignment measures demonstrated high inter- and intra-reader reliability. Hip muscle weakness may influence loading of the medial knee compartment. Hip abductor strength was evaluated in 40 individuals with medial compartment knee OA in comparison to a control group of 40 healthy older adults. The effect of an 8-week home-based hip abductor strengthening program on the knee adduction moment was also assessed in this group with knee OA, compared with the control group which received no intervention. Following the exercise program the OA group demonstrated improvements in hip abductor strength and functional performance on a sit-to-stand task. There were no changes in the knee adduction moment. Thus, hip muscle strengthening did not influence joint loading, but may improve function in persons with knee OA. Results from this thesis provide increased understanding of knee OA, from muscular and biomechanical perspectives, in the areas of measurement reliability and exercise intervention.
Download or read book Muscle Strength Testing written by Louis R. Amundsen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a practical manual beginning with a brief review of basic science and traditional manual testing approaches, followed by a lengthier depiction of new mechanical strength testing techniques. It contains well-illustrated techniques and step-by-step testing approaches.
Download or read book Logistic Regression with Missing Values in the Covariates written by Werner Vach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many areas of science a basic task is to assess the influence of several factors on a quantity of interest. If this quantity is binary logistic, regression models provide a powerful tool for this purpose. This monograph presents an account of the use of logistic regression in the case where missing values in the variables prevent the use of standard techniques. Such situations occur frequently across a wide range of statistical applications. The emphasis of this book is on methods related to the classical maximum likelihood principle. The author reviews the essentials of logistic regression and discusses the variety of mechanisms which might cause missing values while the rest of the book covers the methods which may be used to deal with missing values and their effectiveness. Researchers across a range of disciplines and graduate students in statistics and biostatistics will find this a readable account of this.
Download or read book WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pain Measurement and Assessment written by Ronald Melzack and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis for Epidemiology written by Jos W. R. Twisk and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to the most important techniques available for longitudinal data analysis, essential for non-statisticians and researchers.
Download or read book Musculoskeletal Soft tissue Aging written by Joseph A. Buckwalter and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work on the changes that occur with the ageing of soft tissue contains the results of experimental work that holds the promise of producing better musculoskeletal function in older people. It also includes clinically relevant information on improving strength and mobility.
Download or read book Living a Healthy Life with Chronic Conditions written by Kate Lorig and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on input from people with long-term ailments, this book points the way to achieving the best possible life under the circumstances.
Download or read book Physical Activity and Age related Mechanical Risk Factors for Knee Osteoarthritis written by Jocelyn F. Hafer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knee osteoarthritis is an age-related disease which will affect nearly 50% of individuals in their lifetime. Because there are currently no treatments to substantially slow the progression of this disease, it is important to identify mechanisms to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis initiation. Osteoarthritis is a disease which is at least partially mediated by mechanical factors which may result from age-related changes in gait. The extent to which habitual physical activity can modify the impact of age on gait, knee mechanics, and thus cartilage loading is unknown. The aim of this dissertation was to examine the effects of age and habitual physical activity level on biomechanical risk factors for knee osteoarthritis including knee mechanics during gait, knee extensor muscle function, neuromuscular control, coordination, and the physiological and biomechanical response to a bout of exercise. Three groups of 20 healthy individuals each were recruited: young adults, highly active older adults, and less active older adults. Overground gait mechanics and knee extensor muscle torque and power were collected before and after a 30 minute treadmill walk designed to allow for observation of changes in gait and muscle function in response to muscle fatigue. At baseline, both older adult cohorts displayed decreased concentric knee extensor power compared to young adults. Older adults, especially in the less active group, had more femoral anterior translation relative to the tibia during the stance phase of gait, a measure that has previously been linked to osteoarthritis risk, incidence, and progression. Movement coordination was more affected by age than physical activity level as older adults from both physical activity cohorts displayed differences in coordination and its variability, particularly in movement coordination about the hip and ankle during periods of single-support. When comparing males and females across different age and physical activity cohorts, sex was identified as a determinant of hip and knee mechanics, and baseline knee extensor muscle function. The results of this dissertation provide evidence that, even in relatively young, high-functioning older adults, age and low physical activity levels are associated with a shift towards markers of increased knee osteoarthritis risk.
Download or read book Impact of Passive Range of Motion Exercises and Stretching in Knee Osteoarthritis Pain During Walking written by Dominique Marchelle Ottonello and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), is globally prevalent source of disability for the elderly. This degenerative malady progresses with age and has no cure. It manifests in gait changes and affects overall quality of life. Exercise therapy has been shown to improve knee joint range of motion, stiffness and pain due to KOA. This improvement is due in part to the direct relationship between muscle strength and joint stability. The purpose of this study is to examine how a passive range of motion (ROM) exercises and stretching regimens affect gait-alterations and associated pain from KOA experienced during walking.Nine KOA subjects were recruited from a local orthopedic clinic and the Fel's longitudinal study, with a final sample size of 7 subjects completing the trial. Subjects performed self-paced walking trials before and after a 4-week long, bi-weekly set of passive ROM and stretching exercises. A trained pre-physical therapy student administered the therapy. Data necessary to assess gait before and after the intervention was acquired via standard gait analysis. Participants rated their pain before the intervention, at the fifth trial and after the intervention ended.Subjects experienced significant changes in walking speed, stride-length, cadence, peak knee flexion in stance, peak knee flexion in swing and knee flexion/extension (KFE) ROM in swing. Pain did not significantly decrease, remaining largely unchanged. These data supported our hypothesis that a combination of passive ROM and stretching would result in increased ROM and improved patient gait. Our hypothesis that pain would be significantly decreased was not supported. To improve effectiveness of rehabilitation, further research is needed to elucidate the effects of exercise therapy on osteoarthritis-based pain during ambulation.
Download or read book Technology for Adaptive Aging written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-04-25 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging and currently available technologies offer great promise for helping older adults, even those without serious disabilities, to live healthy, comfortable, and productive lives. What technologies offer the most potential benefit? What challenges must be overcome, what problems must be solved, for this promise to be fulfilled? How can federal agencies like the National Institute on Aging best use their resources to support the translation from laboratory findings to useful, marketable products and services? Technology for Adaptive Aging is the product of a workshop that brought together distinguished experts in aging research and in technology to discuss applications of technology to communication, education and learning, employment, health, living environments, and transportation for older adults. It includes all of the workshop papers and the report of the committee that organized the workshop. The committee report synthesizes and evaluates the points made in the workshop papers and recommends priorities for federal support of translational research in technology for older adults.
Download or read book Geriatric Physical Therapy written by Andrew A. Guccione and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This valued resource for physical therapists provides a comprehensive overview of geriatric physical therapy for physical therapy students as well as practitioners. Thoroughly revised and updated, it provides the latest information on geriatric health care, such as managed care/Medicare/Medicaid, reimbursement issues, conservative pain management techniques, pharmacology, and new material on home care, osteoarthritis, nutrition, and family issues. It includes five new chapters: Ventilation and Respiratory Dysfunction in the Older Adult, Strength Training in the Elderly, Functional Training in the Community, Incontinence, and Prosthetics. * Shows application of concepts and encourage critical thinking by blending theory with real case examples. * Ensures compatibility of the text with the typical educational experience of the physical therapist and prepares the physical therapist for practice by using standard APTA terminology as expressed in the APTA document, A Description of Physical Therapist Patient Management, Parts I and II. * Gives student and clinician enough depth to understand processes and procedures, with its scientific approach and extensive referencing.
