Download or read book Implementation of Decoders for LDPC Block Codes and LDPC Convolutional Codes Based on the Parallel Architecture of the GPUS written by Yue Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Resource Efficient LDPC Decoders written by Vikram Arkalgud Chandrasetty and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-12-05 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a practical hands-on approach to developing low complexity algorithms and transforming them into working hardware. It follows a complete design approach – from algorithms to hardware architectures - and addresses some of the challenges associated with their design, providing insight into implementing innovative architectures based on low complexity algorithms.The reader will learn: - Modern techniques to design, model and analyze low complexity LDPC algorithms as well as their hardware implementation - How to reduce computational complexity and power consumption using computer aided design techniques - All aspects of the design spectrum from algorithms to hardware implementation and performance trade-offs - Provides extensive treatment of LDPC decoding algorithms and hardware implementations - Gives a systematic guidance, giving a basic understanding of LDPC codes and decoding algorithms and providing practical skills in implementing efficient LDPC decoders in hardware - Companion website containing C-Programs and MATLAB models for simulating the algorithms, and Verilog HDL codes for hardware modeling and synthesis

Download or read book Implementation of LDPC Decoders on GPU Platforms written by Behdad Analui and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LDPC decoding has been grown to be the most demanding error correction technique in various application areas such as wireless communication and solid-state drives. Complexity, potential parallelism and data-intensive nature of these types of codes lead us to develop LDPC decoders on platforms other than conventional CPU systems such as fully ASIC systems or GPU-based platforms. However, ASIC solutions are very expensive to achieve and are barely flexible to adjust to new LDPC codes and environment. After introduction of CUDA and powerful NVIDIA architectures for GPUs, developers begin to port complex algorithms such as LDPC decoding to execute on GPU platforms. In this work, we employ an already implemented LDPC decoder using CUDA and propose memory and computation optimization to gain %5-55 better throughput. Memory and computation resources in today's GPU platforms and limitations that LDPC decoders have in nature suggest that the traditional algorithm cannot perform more enhanced. We further study the possible modification to alter the SPA algorithm and parity-check matrix in order to improve the LDPC decoding performance.

Download or read book LDPC Code Designs Constructions and Unification written by Juane Li and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, leading authorities unify algebraic- and graph-based LDPC code designs and constructions into a single theoretical framework.

Download or read book An Area Efficient Architecture for the Implementation of LDPC Decoder written by Lan Yang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to its near Shannon limit performance in high speed communication, low-density parity check (LDPC) code has performed a strong comeback recent years. In this work, a partial parallel decoding architecture is proposed based on a column-layered LDPC decoding scheme [2]. The purpose of this work is to make a tradeoff between area cost and throughput. I construct the structure of the partial parallel decoder, and compare its throughput and area cost with the design in [2]. Then I obtain the synthesis results of my design with Xilinx FPGA tool. The device utilization summary and timing summary are provided at the end of this work. Comparing with the design in [2], the partial parallel design in my work needs much less hardware resources. As a result, when the area is limit and a lower throughput is acceptable, my design can be considered instead of the design in [2].

Download or read book Fundamentals of Convolutional Coding written by Rolf Johannesson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-07 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Convolutional Coding, Second Edition, regarded as a bible of convolutional coding brings you a clear and comprehensive discussion of the basic principles of this field Two new chapters on low-density parity-check (LDPC) convolutional codes and iterative coding Viterbi, BCJR, BEAST, list, and sequential decoding of convolutional codes Distance properties of convolutional codes Includes a downloadable solutions manual

Download or read book Comparison of LDPC Block and LDPC Convolutional Codes Based on Their Decoding Latency written by Najeeb ul Hassan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Signal Processing Systems written by Shuvra S. Bhattacharyya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-20 with total page 1395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Signal Processing Systems is organized in three parts. The first part motivates representative applications that drive and apply state-of-the art methods for design and implementation of signal processing systems; the second part discusses architectures for implementing these applications; the third part focuses on compilers and simulation tools, describes models of computation and their associated design tools and methodologies. This handbook is an essential tool for professionals in many fields and researchers of all levels.

Download or read book A Reduced Routing Network Architecture for Partial Parallel LDPC Decoders written by Houshmand Shirani Mehr and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel partial parallel decoding scheme based on the matrix structure of LDPC codes proposed in IEEE 802.15.3c and IEEE 802.11ad standards is presented that significantly simplifies the routing network of the decoder, and the class of parity-check matrices for which the method can be used is defined. The proposed method results in an almost complete elimination of logic gates on the routing network, which yields improvements in area, speed and power, with an identical error correction performance to conventional partial-parallel decoders. A decoder for the (672,588) LDPC code adopted in the IEEE 802.11ad standard is implemented in a 65 nm CMOS technology including place & route with both proposed permutational decoder, and conventional partial-parallel architecture. The proposed permutational LDPC decoder operates at 235 MHz and delivers a throughput of 7.9 Gbps with 5 decoding iterations per block. Compared to a conventional partial-parallel decoder, the proposed decoder achieves a throughput 30% higher and at the same time requires a chip area approximately 24% smaller.

Download or read book Low complexity High speed VLSI Design of Low density Parity check Decoders written by Zhiqiang Cui and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-Density Parity-check (LDPC) codes have attracted considerable attention due to their capacity approaching performance over AWGN channel and highly parallelizable decoding schemes. They have been considered in a variety of industry standards for the next generation communication systems. In general, LDPC codes achieve outstanding performance with large codeword lengths (e.g., N>1000 bits), which lead to a linear increase of the size of memory for storing all the soft messages in LDPC decoding. In the next generation communication systems, the target data rates range from a few hundred Mbit/sec to several Gbit/sec. To achieve those very high decoding throughput, a large amount of computation units are required, which will significantly increase the hardware cost and power consumption of LDPC decoders. LDPC codes are decoded using iterative decoding algorithms. The decoding latency and power consumption are linearly proportional to the number of decoding iterations. A decoding approach with fast convergence speed is highly desired in practice. This thesis considers various VLSI design issues of LDPC decoder and develops efficient approaches for reducing memory requirement, low complexity implementation, and high speed decoding of LDPC codes. We propose a memory efficient partially parallel decoder architecture suited for quasi-cyclic LDPC (QC-LDPC) codes using Min-Sum decoding algorithm. We develop an efficient architecture for general permutation matrix based LDPC codes. We have explored various approaches to linearly increase the decoding throughput with a small amount of hardware overhead. We develop a multi-Gbit/sec LDPC decoder architecture for QC-LDPC codes and prototype an enhanced partially parallel decoder architecture for a Euclidian geometry based LDPC code on FPGA. We propose an early stopping scheme and an extended layered decoding method to reduce the number of decoding iterations for undecodable and decodable sequence received from channel. We also propose a low-complexity optimized 2-bit decoding approach which requires comparable implementation complexity to weighted bit flipping based algorithms but has much better decoding performance and faster convergence speed.

Download or read book On Low density Parity check Convolutional Codes written by Marcos Bruno Saldanha Tavares and published by Jörg Vogt Verlag. This book was released on 2010 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design and Implementation of Improved Decoding Algorithms for LDPC Convolutional Codes written by Sakthivel Velumani and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Decoder Architectures and Implementations for Quasi cyclic Low density Parity check Codes written by Xiaoheng Chen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the rediscovery of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes in the late 1990s, tremendous progress has been made in code construction and design, decoding algorithms, and decoder implementation of these capacity-approaching codes. Recently, LDPC codes are considered for applications such as high-speed satellite and optical communications, the hard disk drives, and high-density flash memory based storage systems, which require that the codes are free of error-floor down to bit error rate (BER) as low as 10−12 to 10−15. FPGAs are usually used to evaluate the error performance of codes, since one can exploit the finite word length and extremely high internal memory bandwidth of an FPGA. Existing FPGA-based LDPC decoders fail to utilize the configurability and read-first mode of embedded memory in the FPGAs, and thus result in limited throughput and codes sizes. Four optimization techniques, i.e., vectorization, folding, message relocation, and circulant permutation matrix (CPM) sharing, are proposed to improve the throughput, scalability, and efficiency of FPGA-based decoders. Also, a semi-automatic CAD tool called QCSYN (Quasi-Cyclic LDPC decoder SYNthesis) is designed to shorten the implementation time of decoders. Using the above techniques, a high-rate (16129,15372) code is shown to have no error-floor down to the BER of 10−14. Also, it is very difficult to construct codes that do not exhibit an error floor down to 10−15 or so. Without detailed knowledge of dominant trapping sets, a backtracking-based reconfigurable decoder is designed to lower the error floor of a family of structurally compatible quasi-cyclic LDPC codes by one to two orders of magnitudes. Hardware reconfigurability is another significant feature of LDPC decoders. A tri-mode decoder for the (4095,3367) Euclidean geometry code is designed to work with three compatible binary message passing decoding algorithms. Note that this code contains 262080 edges (21.3 times of the (2048,1723) 10GBASE-T code) in its Tanner graph and is the largest code ever implemented. Besides, an efficient QC-LDPC Shift Network (QSN) is proposed to reduce the interconnect delay and control logic of circular shift network, a core component in the reconfigurable decoder that supports a family of structurally compatible codes. The interconnect delay and control logic area are reduced by a factor of 2.12 and 8, respectively. Non-binary LDPC codes are effective in combating burst errors. Using the power representation of the elements in the Galois field to organize both intrinsic and extrinsic messages, we present an efficient decoder architecture for non-binary QC-LDPC codes. The proposed decoder is reconfigurable and can be used to decode any code of a given field size. The decoder supports both regular and irregular non-binary QC-LDPC codes. Using a practical metric of throughput per unit area, the proposed implementation outperforms the best implementations published in research literature to date.

Download or read book High Speed Decoders for Polar Codes written by Pascal Giard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-30 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new class of provably capacity achieving error-correction codes, polar codes are suitable for many problems, such as lossless and lossy source coding, problems with side information, multiple access channel, etc. The first comprehensive book on the implementation of decoders for polar codes, the authors take a tutorial approach to explain the practical decoder implementation challenges and trade-offs in either software or hardware. They also demonstrate new trade-offs in latency, throughput, and complexity in software implementations for high-performance computing and GPGPUs, and hardware implementations using custom processing elements, full-custom application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and field-programmable-gate arrays (FPGAs). Presenting a good overview of this research area and future directions, High-Speed Decoders for Polar Codes is perfect for any researcher or SDR practitioner looking into implementing efficient decoders for polar codes, as well as students and professors in a modern error correction class. As polar codes have been accepted to protect the control channel in the next-generation mobile communication standard (5G) developed by the 3GPP, the audience includes engineers who will have to implement decoders for such codes and hardware engineers designing the backbone of communication networks.

Download or read book From LDPC Block to LDPC Convolutional Codes written by Wei Liu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mots-clés de l'auteur: Belief propagation ; capacity ; capacity-achieving codes ; low-density parity-check block codes and low-density parity-check convolutional codes ; iterative message-passing decoding algorithms ; maximum a posteriori decoding ; maximum likelihood decoding ; stability condition ; threshold saturation ; universality.

Download or read book Designing Optimized Parallel Interleaver Architecture for Turbo and LDPC Decoders written by Saeed Ur Rehman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbo and LDPC codes are two families of codes that are extensively used in current communication standards due to their excellent error correction capabilities. To achieve high performance, parallel architectures are required. However, these architectures suffer from memory conflict problems. These conflicts increase latency of memory accesses due to the presence of conflict management mechanisms in communication network, and unfortunately decreases system throughput with augmenting system cost.To tackle memory conflict problem, different types of approaches are used in literature. In this thesis, we aim to design optimized parallel architecture. For this purpose, we have presented two different categories of approaches. In first category, we have proposed design time off-chip approaches in which we have proposed two kinds of solution: a first one based on network customization; and a second approach based on in-place memory architecture in order to generate optimized architecture. In the second category, memory mapping algorithms is embedded on-chip in order to execute them at runtime to solve conflict problem. Dedicated architecture is composed of an embedded processor and RAM memory banks to store generated command words. Polynomial time memory mapping approach and routing algorithm (based on Benes network) is embedded on-chip to solve memory conflict problem. Different experiments have been performed by using memory mapping approaches executed on several embedded processors.

Download or read book Low complexity Decoding Algorithms and Architectures for Non binary LDPC Codes written by Fang Cai and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes can achieve better error-correcting performance than their binary counterparts when the code length is moderate at the cost of higher decoding complexity. The high complexity is mainly caused by the complicated computations in the check node processing and the large memory requirement. In this thesis, three decoding algorithms and corresponding VLSI architectures are proposed for NB-LDPC codes to lower the computational complexity and memory requirement. The first design is based on the proposed relaxed Min-max decoding algorithm. A novel relaxed check node processing scheme is proposed for the Min-max NB-LDPC decoding algorithm. Each finite field element of GF(2p̂) can be uniquely represented by a linear combination of $p$ independent field elements. Making use of this property, an innovative method is developed in this paper to first find a set of the p most reliable variable-to-check messages with independent field elements, called the minimum basis. Then the check-to-variable messages are efficiently computed from the minimum basis. With very small performance loss, the complexity of the check node processing can be substantially reduced using the proposed scheme. In addition, efficient VLSI architectures are developed to implement the proposed check node processing and overall NB-LDPC decoder. Compared to the most efficient prior design, the proposed decoder for a (837, 726) NB-LDPC code over GF(25̂) can achieve 52% higher efficiency in terms of throughput-over-area ratio. The second design is based on a proposed enhanced iterative hard reliability-based majority-logic decoding. The recently developed iterative hard reliability-based majority-logic NB-LDPC decoding has better performance-complexity tradeoffs than previous algorithms. Novel schemes are proposed for the iterative hard reliability-based majority-logic decoding (IHRB-MLGD). Compared to the IHRB algorithm, our enhanced (E- )IHRB algorithm can achieve significant coding gain with small hardware overhead. Then low-complexity partial-parallel NB-LDPC decoder architectures are developed based on these two algorithms. Many existing NB-LDPC code construction methods lead to quasi-cyclic or cyclic codes. Both types of codes are considered in our design. Moreover, novel schemes are developed to keep a small proportion of messages in order to reduce the memory requirement without causing noticeable performance loss. In addition, a shift-message structure is proposed by using memories concatenated with variable node units to enable efficient partial-parallel decoding for cyclic NB-LDPC codes. Compared to previous designs based on the Min-max decoding algorithm, our proposed decoders have at least tens of times lower complexity with moderate coding gain loss. The third design is based on a proposed check node decoding scheme using power representation of finite field elements. Novel schemes are proposed for the Min-max check node processing by making use of the cyclical-shift property of the power representation of finite field elements. Compared to previous designs based on the Min-max algorithm with forward-backward scheme, the proposed check node units (CNUs) do not need the complex switching network. Moreover, the multiplications of the parity check matrix entries are efficiently incorporated. For a Min-max NB-LDPC decoder over GF(32), the proposed scheme reduces the CNU area by at least 32%, and leads to higher clock frequency.