Download or read book Impact of Low Temperature Electrical Resistance Heating on Subsurface Flow and Mass Transport written by Magdalena Maria Krol and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examined the effect of sub-boiling temperatures on subsurface flow and mass transport, as a result of electrical resistance heating (ERH). Low temperature ERH was simulated using a newly developed two-dimensional, electro-thermal, flow and transport model (ETM). To capture the non-isothermal processes in the subsurface during low temperature ERH, the ETM included temperature dependent equations for density, viscosity, and electrical conductivity. The model was validated with laboratory experiments in which voltage distribution, instantaneous power, temperature, and tracer transport were measured. Both the tracer experiments and the simulation results indicated that flow and contaminant movement could be significantly impacted by low temperature ERH due to temperature induced buoyant flow.The results of this thesis demonstrated that sub-boiling temperatures affect subsurface flow and mass transport, especially when temperature-induced buoyant flow occurred. Although this study focused on ERH applications, the results may be applicable to other subsurface thermal activities such as geothermal heating,The second part of the thesis examined the effect of soil heterogeneity, electrical conductivity and applied groundwater flux on energy and mass transport. The impact of these factors was evaluated using the ANOVA analysis. To examine soil heterogeneity effects, random permeability fields for two aquifers with varying levels of heterogeneity were generated. Higher soil electrical conductivity values increased the power dissipated and resulted in shorter heating times and quicker onset of buoyant flow. Consequently, electrical conductivity had a statistically significant effect on the subsurface energy distribution. The applied groundwater flux had a strong effect on heat and mass transport with lower velocities resulting in upward plume movement due to buoyancy effects. In addition, buoyant flow was observed to dominate over flow through high permeability zones.The last chapter of the thesis investigated the formation and movement of discrete gas bubbles during ERH by combining ETM with a macroscopic invasion percolation (MIP) model. The model simulated soils with different permeabilities and entry pressures at various operating temperatures and groundwater velocities. It was observed that discrete bubble formation occurred in all soils, with upward mobility being limited by lower temperatures and higher entry pressures. By including the MIP model, the resulting aqueous concentrations were significantly different from results obtained with a conventional advective-dispersive model, especially in high permeability soils. This was due to bubbles moving to cooler areas, collapsing, and contaminating previously clean zones. This cooling effect also let to possible non aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) formation.In the first part of the thesis, the ETM was used to study the onset of buoyant flow in the subsurface and its effect on contaminant transport. Buoyant flow was predicted to occur when the ratio between the Rayleigh and thermal Peclet numbers (buoyancy ratio), was greater than 1. The buoyancy ratio was expressed in terms of subsurface temperature, thermal expansion coefficient and hydraulic gradient, thus facilitating its application to subsurface thermal activities. The effect of buoyant flow on contaminant transport was found to be dependent on the buoyancy ratio and Rayleigh number.
Download or read book Electrochemically Assisted Remediation of Contaminated Soils written by M. A. Rodrigo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the current development status of remediation technologies involving electrochemical processes, which are used to clean up soils that are contaminated with different types of contaminants (organics, inorganics, metalloids and radioactive). Written by internationally recognized experts, it comprises 21 chapters describing the characteristics and theoretical foundations of various electrochemical applications of soil remediation. The book’s opening section discusses the fundamental properties and characteristics of the soil, which are essential to understand the processes that can most effectively remove organic and inorganic compounds. This part also focuses on the primary processes that contribute to the application of electrochemically assisted remediation, hydrodynamic aspects and kinetics of contaminants in the soil. It also reviews the techniques that have been developed for the treatment of contaminated soils using electrochemistry, and discusses different strategies used to enhance performance, the type of electrode and electrolyte, and the most important operating conditions. In turn, the book’s second part deals with practical applications of technologies related to the separation of pollutants from soil. Special emphasis is given to the characteristics of these technologies regarding transport of the contaminants and soil toxicity after treatment. The third part is dedicated to new technologies, including electrokinetic remediation and hybrid approaches, for the treatment of emerging contaminants by ex-situ and in-situ production of strong oxidant species used for soil remediation. It also discusses pre-pilot scale for soil treatment and the use of solar photovoltaic panels as an energy source for powering electrochemical systems, which can reduce both the investment and maintenance costs of electrochemically assisted processes.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solar Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy a Continuing Bibliography with Indexes written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Bureau of Standards Miscellaneous Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydraulic Research in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Current Hydraulic Laboratory Research in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts Literature and Patents written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
