Download or read book Impact of Highway Work Zones on Traffic Crashes written by Qadri Hafez Shaheen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infrastructure in the US is severely aged and outdated. This presents a seemingly paradoxical problem in the field of construction management: In order to fix and make roads and highways more safe, construction zones must become inherently less safe in the process. There is a high cost to taxpayers and drivers, as work zones experience a significant amount of crashes and fatalities each year. To mitigate some of the factors that contribute to these crashes, this paper attempts to deliver guidelines on how to update relevant crash data, identify relevant factors, and create recommendations accordingly. The research focused particularly on data from 2016 and closely observed data from the year preceding and following isolate variables affecting to work zone safety: the crash rate during construction compared to the time before construction and to the time after construction. Descriptive statistics (mean, histogram), a paired t-test, and an ANOVA test were used to test the crash rate differences. In addition, this study tested the impact of the type of work on the crash rate frequency. The study found with 95% confidence level that there is no significant difference in mean crash rates between construction time and non-construction time. Additionally, the study attempts to corroborate these data with external factors such as population and environment type and ultimately determine whether these factors are indeed significant to work zone safety. Finally, I suggest a series of recommendations to the Michigan Department of Transportation for best practices in ensuring work zone safety.
Download or read book Investigating Impact of Work Zones on Crash Frequency Severity and Traffic written by Ozgur Ozturk and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work zone presence is an important concern for drivers in terms of safety and congestion. In recent years, work zone safety has received much attention due to numerous highway renovation projects that have resulted in many work zone crashes. To minimize the effect of work zones on roadway safety risks and traffic conditions, potential factors need to be addressed and countermeasures need to be implemented to ensure that the motorist can drive in a safe manner. The impact of the work zones can be estimated by using descriptive analysis and different statistical modeling methods. To this end, this study focused on three major areas: the crash frequency at work zones, the crash severity at work zones and the change in traffic conditions at work zones. Statistically robust models were developed by incorporating integrated datasets that could identify significant factors affecting each of these study areas. To better understand this, different from the previous studies, model results were compared against reference conditions, such as work zone crash frequency and modeling parameters were compared with non-work zone parameters. In addition, different statistical modeling techniques were applied to examine the best model or set of variables to connect crash severity and possible causative factors for binary level and multiple level outcomes. Two crash severity indexes were proposed and used to estimate multilevel crash severity by using both maximum severity and the monetary cost weighted severity. Besides safety issues, different types of lane closures and crashes observed within lane closures were studied to examine if there would be a change in traffic conditions compared with normal time traffic. Comparisons of each concept provides an idea for agencies about the differences of work zone and non-work zone conditions which is important if indeed there is a specific impact for the work zone cases. Work zone presence was found to have an increasing effect on crash occurrence. Nighttime shifts were found to be safer when compared to daytime work zone periods. Injury crashes for two-lane closure cases were found to have a more marked impact on traffic volume compared with other cases studied in this dissertation. In the conclusions chapter, all of these findings are summarized along with specific recommendations.
Download or read book Traffic Safety Evaluation of Nighttime and Daytime Work Zones written by Gerald L. Ullman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB¿s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 627: Traffic Safety Evaluation of Nighttime and Daytime Work Zones explores the crash rates for nighttime and daytime work zones and examines management practices that promote safety and mobility in work zones. The report also highlights work-zone crash reporting suggestions designed to help improve the data collected on work zone crashes.
Download or read book Traffic Monitoring Guide written by United States. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Highway Information Management and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crash Characteristics at Work Zones written by Nicholas J. Garber and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work zones tend to cause hazardous conditions for drivers and construction workers since they generate conflicts between construction activities and traffic. A clear understanding of the characteristics of work zone crashes will enhance the selection of the appropriate measures that can minimize the negative impacts of work zones. This study investigated the characteristics of work zone crashes that occurred in Virginia between 1996 and 1999. The information on each crash was obtained from the police crash record. The location of each crash was categorized as being in one of the five areas of a typical work zone: advance warning area, transition area, longitudinal buffer area, activity area, and termination area. An analysis of the percentage distributions was then carried out with respect to area in work zone, severity, type of collision, and type of highway. The proportionality test was used to determine significant differences at the 5 percent significance level. Selected crash characteristics, such as the proportions of single- and multi-vehicle crashes, were compared for work zone and non-work zone crashes. The results indicated that the activity area was the predominant location for work zone crashes regardless of highway type and that rear-end crashes were the predominant type of crash. The results also indicated that the proportion of sideswipe same direction crashes in the transition area was significantly higher than in the advance warning area and that work zone crashes involved a higher proportion of multi-vehicle crashes and fatal crashes than did non-work zone crashes.
Download or read book Optimizing Work Zone Practices for Highway Construction Projects written by Tarek M. Elghamrawy and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies indicate that work zones suffer from an increasing trend of deaths and injuries in and around the highway construction areas with an average of 745 fatalities and 40,700 severe injuries per year. To control and minimize work zone fatalities and injuries, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), and many state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) are seeking to improve the design practices of work zones to reduce work zone crashes. To support this vital and pressing highway safety goal, this research study focuses on analyzing and optimizing existing work zone practices and exploring the effectiveness and efficiency of innovative temporary rumble strips that can be used to minimize crashes in and around highway construction and maintenance projects. The research objectives of this study are to: (1) provide enhanced understanding of the impact of work zone parameters and innovative temporary traffic control devices on the safety of highway construction zones; (2) analyze work zone crashes and current practices to identify potential layout parameters that impact work zone crash occurrence; (3) investigate and quantify the impact of work zone layout parameters on the risk and cost of crash occurrence; (4) optimize work zone setup parameters to minimize total work zone costs including agency, user delay, and expected crash costs; (5) conduct field experiments to analyze the efficiency and constructability of various arrangements of temporary rumble strips prior to and at the edge of work zones; and (6) study and enhance the effectiveness of temporary rumble strips in alerting inattentive drivers prior to and at the edge of work zones. In order to achieve these objectives, the study is conducted in seven major tasks that focus on: (1) conducting a comprehensive literature review; (2) collecting and fusing all available data and reports on work zone crashes in Illinois; (3) analyzing work zone crashes and identifying the probable causes and contributing factors; (4) identifying the impact of layout parameters on risk of crash occurrence; (5) developing an optimization model to minimize total work zone costs including agency cost, user delay cost, and expected work zone crash cost; (6) performing field experiments on temporary rumble strips and evaluate the efficiency of utilization on site; and (7) evaluating the effectiveness of temporary rumble strips prior and at the edge of work zones. The main research developments of this study are expected to have significant impacts on (1) identifying potential work zone parameters and contributing causes that impact work zone crash occurrence; (2) estimating the probability of work zones to encounter severe crashes; (3) quantifying the impact of work zone parameters on the risk levels of crash occurrence; (4) estimating the monetary value of work zone crashes based on work zone layout parameters; (5) searching for and identifying optimal work zone setup solutions that specify segment length, operating speed, TTC policy, and concrete barrier at different operation staring times; (6) developing new efficient prototypes of temporary rumble strips to be utilized prior to and at the edge of work zones; and (7) developing practical guidelines for effective design arrangements of temporary rumble strips. These new developments hold a strong promise to: (a) improve work zone safety for both the travelling public and construction workers; (b) improve current work zone layouts, strategies, and standards; (c) provide a baseline for controlling the risk of crash occurrence due to highway work zones; (d) assist construction planners in identifying optimal work zone setups for highway construction; (e) direct the development of practical recommendations for efficient and effective design arrangements of temporary rumble strips; and (f) reduce work zone crashes in the work area through the implementation of practical temporary rumble strips arrangements.
Download or read book Improvements and New Concepts for Traffic Control in Work Zones Volume 1 Effects of Traffic Control on Four lane Divided Highways Final Report written by Conrad L. Dudek and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures written by Gerald L. Ullman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safety Study written by United States. National Transportation Safety Board and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Construction Costs and Safety Impacts of Work Zone Traffic Control Strategies Final report written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Construction Costs and Safety Impacts of Work Zone Traffic Control Strategies written by E. N. Burns and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research was performed to determine total costs (construction and road user costs) and safety impacts associated with traffic control through work zones on rural four-lane, divided highways using single lane closure (SLC) versus two-lane, two-way traffic operations (TLTWO). An informational guide for use in selecting cost-effective traffic control strategies for proposed construction projects was also prepared. Construction data were collected from 51 construction projects in 11 States, and traffic capacity delay studies were conducted at 25 projects in 10 States. Guidelines are presented in this report for selection of the best traffic control alternative between SLC and TLTWO. A simplified procedure to estimate road user costs for SLC and TLTWO traffic control strategies is also included. This guide is Volume II of a two-volume series. Volume I (FHWA-RD-89-209) is the final report.
Download or read book Guidance for Implementation of the AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan written by Nicholas D. Antonucci and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2005 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design of Construction Work Zones on High speed Highways written by Kevin M. Mahoney and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2007 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Full Road Closure for Work Zone Operations written by United States. Federal Highway Administration and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Traffic Management Problems in Work Zones Final Report written by Jack Bishop Humphreys and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report presents a prioritized listing of twenty problem statements relating to traffic safety in construction, maintenance and utility work zones. These problem statements were developed from (1) data collected during 103 site visits, (2) an analysis of 30 construction zones before and during accident case studies, (3) a literature review, and (4) personal experiences of an interdisciplinary, six-person professional staff. Results indicate that approximately two-thirds of the work zone safety problems could be ameliorated if current standards and/or knowledge were properly applied. Results also include data relative to traffic control device use, traffic operation, and accident location in work zones.
Download or read book Vehicle Accidents in Highway Work Zones Final Report written by Bradley T. Hargroves and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
