Download or read book Heat Rejection Concepts for Lunar Fission Surface Power Applications written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes potential heat rejection design concepts for lunar surface Brayton power conversion systems. Brayton conversion systems are currently under study by NASA for surface power applications. Surface reactors may be used for the moon to power human outposts enabling extended stays and closed loop life support. The Brayton Heat Rejection System (HRS) must dissipate waste heat generated by the power conversion system due to inefficiencies in the thermal-to-electric conversion process. Space Brayton conversion system designs tend to optimize at efficiencies of about 20 to 25 percent with radiator temperatures in the 400 K to 600 K range. A notional HRS was developed for a 100 kWe-class Brayton power system that uses a pumped water heat transport loop coupled to a water heat pipe radiator. The radiator panels employ a tube and fin construction consisting of regularly-spaced circular heat pipes contained within two composite facesheets. The water heat pipes interface to the coolant through curved sections partially contained within the cooling loop. The paper evaluates various design parameters including radiator panel orientation, coolant flow path, and facesheet thickness. Parameters were varied to compare design options on the basis of H2O pump pressure rise and required power, heat pipe unit power and radial flux, radiator area, radiator panel areal mass, and overall HRS mass. Siamidis, John Glenn Research Center NASA/CR-2006-214388, E-15666, AIAA Paper 2006-4196

Download or read book Heat Rejection Concepts for Lunar Fission Surface Power Applications written by John Siamidis and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes potential heat rejection design concepts for lunar surface Brayton power conversion systems. Brayton conversion systems are currently under study by NASA for surface power applications. Surface reactors may be used for the moon to power human outposts enabling extended stays and closed loop life support. The Brayton Heat Rejection System (HRS) must dissipate waste heat generated by the power conversion system due to inefficiencies in the thermal-to-electric conversion process. Space Brayton conversion system designs tend to optimize at efficiencies of about 20 to 25 percent with radiator temperatures in the 400 K to 600 K range. A notional HRS was developed for a 100 kWe-class Brayton power system that uses a pumped water heat transport loop coupled to a water heat pipe radiator. The radiator panels employ a tube and fin construction consisting of regularly-spaced circular heat pipes contained within two composite facesheets. The water heat pipes interface to the coolant through curved sections partially contained within the cooling loop. The paper evaluates various design parameters including radiator panel orientation, coolant flow path, and facesheet thickness. Parameters were varied to compare design options on the basis of H2O pump pressure rise and required power, heat pipe unit power and radial flux, radiator area, radiator panel areal mass, and overall HRS mass.

Download or read book Heat rejection concepts for lunar fission surface power applications written by John Siamidis and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Heat Rejection Concepts for Brayton Power Conversion Systems written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes potential heat rejection design concepts for closed Brayton cycle (CBC) power conversion systems. Brayton conversion systems are currently under study by NASA for Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) applications. The Heat Rejection Subsystem (HRS) must dissipate waste heat generated by the power conversion system due to inefficiencies in the thermal-to-electric conversion process. Space Brayton conversion system designs tend to optimize at efficiencies of about 20 to 25 percent with radiator temperatures in the 400 to 600 K range. A notional HRS was developed for a 100 kWe-class Brayton power system that uses a pumped sodium-potassium (NaK) heat transport loop coupled to a water heat pipe radiator. The radiator panels employ a sandwich construction consisting of regularly-spaced circular heat pipes contained within two composite facesheets. Heat transfer from the NaK fluid to the heat pipes is accomplished by inserting the evaporator sections into the NaK duct channel. The paper evaluates various design parameters including heat pipe diameter, heat pipe spacing, and facesheet thickness. Parameters were varied to compare design options on the basis of NaK pump pressure rise and required power, heat pipe unit power and radial flux, radiator panel areal mass, and overall HRS mass. Siamidis, John and Mason, Lee and Beach, Duane and Yuko, James Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2005-213337, E-14807, AIAA Paper 2004-5654

Download or read book An Evaluation of Shadow Shielding for Lunar System Waste Heat Rejection written by Cheyn Worn and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shadow shielding is a novel and practical concept for waste heat rejection from lunar surface spacecraft systems. A shadow shield is a light shield that shades the radiator from parasitic thermal radiation emanating from the sun or lunar surface. Radiator size and mass can reduce if the radiator is not required to account for parasitic heat loads in addition to system energy rejection requirements. The lunar thermal environment can be very harsh towards radiative heat rejection. Parasitic heat loads force the radiator to expand in size and mass to compensate. On the Moon, there are three types: surface infrared, solar insulation, and albedo. This thesis tests shadow shielding geometry and its effect on the radiator and nuclear reactor in a reactor-powered Carnot heat engine. Due to the nature of cooling by radiative heat transfer, the maximum shaft work a Carnot system can produce and the minimal required radiator area occurs when the Carnot efficiency is 25%. First, a case for shadow shielding is made using an isothermal, control radiator model in Thermal Desktop. Six radiator temperatures and three latitudes are considered in the tests. Test variables in this section include radiator shapes and shade geometry. The simulations found that shadow shielding is best suited for a low-temperature radiator at the lunar equator. Optimized parabolic shade geometry includes a focus right above or at the top of the radiator and full to three-quarters shade height. The most useful rectangular radiator shape for shadow shielding is that which has a low height and long width. All simulations were conducted using a shade with a 10 kg/m2 area mass. A sensitivity study was conducted for different shade area masses using high and low values found in the literature. The shade is the most useful when the shade's area mass is less than or equal to that of the radiator. If the shade mass is below this threshold, the shade would be applicable to all radiator temperatures tested. Optimized shade and radiator geometry results were then factored into a second model where the radiator is comprised of heat pipes which is similar to radiators from actual system designs. Further simulations were conducted implementing the SAFE-4001 fast fission nuclear reactor design. The study found that shadow shielding allowed the system to use a low-temperature radiator where other configurations were not viable because shadow shielding drastically improves radiative heat transfer from the radiator, but at the consequence of raising radiator mass.

Download or read book Space Nuclear Propulsion for Human Mars Exploration written by National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space Nuclear Propulsion for Human Mars Exploration identifies primary technical and programmatic challenges, merits, and risks for developing and demonstrating space nuclear propulsion technologies of interest to future exploration missions. This report presents key milestones and a top-level development and demonstration roadmap for performance nuclear thermal propulsion and nuclear electric propulsion systems and identifies missions that could be enabled by successful development of each technology.

Download or read book Space Propulsion Energy Sciences International Forum written by Glen A. Robertson and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2009-04-03 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Huntsville, Alabama, 24-26 February 2009

Download or read book Space Resources Energy power and transport written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Space Technology and Applications International Forum 2007 written by Mohamed S. El-Genk and published by AIP Conference Proceedings (Nu. This book was released on 2007 with total page 1262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of STAIF-2007 feature a broad spectrum of topics on. These topics span the range from basic research to the most recent technology advances and hardware development and testing. The proceedings will be of particular interest to program managers, practicing engineers, academicians, graduate students, system designers, and researchers interested in the fields of space technology and space science.

Download or read book Heat Pipe Applications in Fission Driven Nuclear Power Plants written by Bahman Zohuri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a new and innovative approach for the use of heat pipes and their application in a number of industrial scenarios, including space and nuclear power plants. The book opens by describing the heat pipe and its concept, including sizing, composition and binding energies. It contains mathematical models of high and low temperature pipes along with extensive design and manufacturing models, characteristics and testing programs. A detailed design and safety analysis concludes the book, emphasizing the importance of heat pipe implementation within the main cooling system and within the core of the reactor, making this book a useful resource for students, engineers, and researchers.

Download or read book Thermal Control Systems for Low Temperature Heat Rejection on a Lunar Base written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the important issues in the lunar base architecture is the design of a Thermal Control System (TCS) to reject the low temperature heat from the base. The TCS ensures that the base and all components inside are maintained within the operating temperature range. A significant portion of the total mass of the TCS is due to the radiator. Shading the radiation from the sun and the hot lunar soil could decrease the radiator operating temperature significantly. Heat pumps have been in use for terrestrial applications. To optimize the mass of the heat pump augmented TCS, all promising options have to be evaluated and compared. Careful attention is given to optimizing system operating parameters, working fluids, and component masses. The systems are modeled for full load operation. Sridhar, K. R. and Gottmann, Matthias Unspecified Center NAG5-1572...

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nuclear Reactor Technology Development and Utilization written by Salah Ud-Din Khan and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Reactor Technology Development and Utilization presents the theory and principles of the most common advanced nuclear reactor systems and provides a context for the value and utilization of nuclear power in a variety of applications both inside and outside a traditional nuclear setting. As countries across the globe realize their plans for a sustainable energy future, the need for innovative nuclear reactor design is increasing, and this book will provide a deep understanding of how these technologies can aid in a region's goal for clean and reliable energy. Dr Khan and Dr Nakhabov, alongside their team of expert contributors, discuss a variety of important topics, including nuclear fuel cycles, plant decommissioning and hybrid energy systems, while considering a variety of diverse uses such as nuclear desalination, hydrogen generation and radioisotope production. Knowledge acquired enables the reader to conduct further research in academia and industry, and apply the latest design, development, integration, safety and economic guidance to their work and research. - Combines reactor fundamentals with a contemporary look at evolving trends in the design of advanced reactors and their application to both nuclear and non-nuclear uses - Analyses the latest research and uses of hybrid systems which bring together nuclear technology with renewable energy technologies - Presents applications, economic factors and an analysis of sustainability factors in one comprehensive resource

Download or read book Space Technology and Applications International Forum STAIF 2008 written by Mohamed S. El-Genk and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2008-01-31 with total page 1206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the British, French and Spanish Atlantic empires were torn apart in the Age of Revolution, Portugal steadily pursued reforms to tie its American, African and European territories more closely together. Eventually, after a period of revival and prosperity, the Luso-Brazilian world also succumbed to revolution, which ultimately resulted in Brazil's independence from Portugal. The first of its kind in the English language to examine the Portuguese Atlantic World in the period from 1750 to 1850, this book reveals that despite formal separation, the links and relationships that survived the demise of empire entwined the historical trajectories of Portugal and Brazil even more deeply. From constitutionalism to economic policy to the problem of slavery, Portuguese and Brazilian statesmen and political writers laboured under the long shadow of empire as they sought to begin anew and forge stable post-imperial orders on both sides of the Atlantic.

Download or read book Natural Circulation Decay Heat Removal from an Sp 100 550 Kwe Power System for a Lunar Outpost written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research investigated the decay heat removal from the SP-100 reactor core of a 550-kWe power system for a lunar outpost by natural circulation of lithium coolant. A transient model that simulates the decay heat removal loop (DHRL) of the power system was developed and used to assess the system's decay heat removal capability. The effects of the surface area of the decay heat rejection radiator, the dimensions of the decay heat exchanger (DHE) flow duct, the elevation of the DHE, and the diameter of the rise and down pipes in the DHRL on the decay heat removal capability were examined. Also, to determine the applicability of test results at earth gravity to actual system performance on the lunar surface, the effect of the gravity constant (1 g and 1/6 g) on the thermal behavior of the system after shutdown was investigated. El-Genk, Mohamed S. and Xue, Huimin Unspecified Center...

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NASA Space Technology Roadmaps and Priorities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-07 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA's Office of the Chief Technologist (OCT) has begun to rebuild the advanced space technology program in the agency with plans laid out in 14 draft technology roadmaps. It has been years since NASA has had a vigorous, broad-based program in advanced space technology development and its technology base has been largely depleted. However, success in executing future NASA space missions will depend on advanced technology developments that should already be underway. Reaching out to involve the external technical community, the National Research Council (NRC) considered the 14 draft technology roadmaps prepared by OCT and ranked the top technical challenges and highest priority technologies that NASA should emphasize in the next 5 years. This report provides specific guidance and recommendations on how the effectiveness of the technology development program managed by OCT can be enhanced in the face of scarce resources.