Download or read book Forms of Servitude in Northern and Central Europe written by Paul Freedman and published by Brepols Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the nineteenth and early-twentieth century it was assumed that nearly all agricultural labourers in medieval Europe were serfs. Serfdom was distinct from slavery in that serfs were recognized as something more than chattels. They could contract legitimate marriages, hold personal property and they could not be moved around at will. The fact that serfs were in many regions a minority of the peasant population, and the increasing importance given to social and economic circumstances over legal definitions led historians to move away from examining servile condition and its implications during much of the late twentieth century. Attention has instead focused on the seigneurial regime and village society with little regard for the influence of status. In the Middle Ages and indeed in all pre-industrial societies, the vast majority of the population tilled the land. We are still not in a good position to evaluate how noble and ecclesiastical landlords received revenues from lands they were only indirectly engaged in farming, thus there are important gaps in our knowledge of the basic factors that governed medieval society. What kind of agricultural system provided the impetus for economic growth that so dramatically increased the number of cities and volume of trade? There is no modern, synthetic book on medieval serfdom that compares regions or draws general conclusions about it. This work attempts such a synthesis and also shows avenues of future research, but most importantly it is intended to reorient attention to the importance of serfdom in the structure of medieval society.

Download or read book Peasants Lords and State Comparing Peasant Conditions in Scandinavia and the Eastern Alpine Region 1000 1750 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-08-10 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peasants, Lords, and State: Comparing Peasant Conditions in Scandinavia and the Eastern Alpine Region, 1000-1750 compares peasant self-determination in relation to manorial and territorial power structures in Scandinavia and the eastern Alpine region between 1000 and 1750.

Download or read book Central Europe in the High Middle Ages written by Nora Berend and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking comparative history of the formation of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, from their origins in the eleventh century.

Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Medieval Central Europe written by Zecevic and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Medieval Central Europe summarizes the political, social, and cultural history of medieval Central Europe (c. 800-1600 CE), a region long considered a "forgotten" area of the European past. The 25 cutting-edge chapters present up-to-date research about the region's core medieval kingdoms -- Hungary, Poland, and Bohemia -- and their dynamic interactions with neighboring areas. From the Baltic to the Adriatic, the handbook includes reflections on modern conceptions and uses of the region's shared medieval traditions. The volume's thematic organization reveals rarely compared knowledge about the region's medieval resources: its peoples and structures of power; its social life and economy; its religion and culture; and images of its past.

Download or read book The Various Models of Lordship in Europe between the Ninth and Fifteenth Centuries written by Antonio Antonetti and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2023-10-25 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The status of lord represented one of the most original solutions to the political and social transitions of the Medieval period. Questions still remain unanswered and require further investigation, thus many scholars have collaborated to produce this collection which offers a synthesis of the most recent scholarship. This book relates the workings of seigneurial systems in different areas of Europe, from the Baltic to the Mediterranean, from Castile to Pontus. In this way, the perspective remains the same, institutional and material. This book emphasises both the institutional and informal forms of lordship identified and crystallised by social and political actors (for example, communities, sovereigns, nobles, bishops, and abbots). It offers a general framework for those approaching the subject for the first time and a useful in-depth tool with numerous regional cases for long-term scholars.

Download or read book The Playful Middle Ages written by Paul Hardwick and published by Brepols Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe is a series which opens up a dedicated forum for comparative work on northern European medieval literature, history, and society and their significance in the modern world. It promotes dialogue between anglophone and continental medievalists and addresses the need for transcultural perspectives on Europe's medical origins in a way that is distinctive both in scope and in academic orientation. The focus is on the medical texts and cultures of the British Isles, northern and central mainland Europe, and Scandinavia. The chronological range of the series is from c. 800 AD to c. 1600 Each volume makes available to an international readership excellent new work, offering ways of readings texts, cultures, and institutions that speak to the contemporary world.

Download or read book Legal Procedure and Practice in Medieval Denmark written by Per Andersen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-05-23 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive examination of how the Fourth Lateran Council’s prohibition against trial by ordeal was implemented in Danish secular law and how it required both a fundamental restructuring of legal procedure and an entirely different approach to jurisprudence in practice.

Download or read book The Early Reformation in Germany written by Tom Scott and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last twenty years research on the Reformation in Germany has shifted both chronologically and thematically toward an interest in the ’long’ or ’delayed’ Reformations, and the structure and operation of the Holy Roman Empire. Whilst this focus has resulted in many fascinating new insights, it has also led to the relative neglect of the early Reformation movement. Put together with the explicit purpose of encouraging scholars to reengage with the early ’storm years’ of the German Reformation, this collection of eleven essays by Tom Scott, explores several issues in the historiography of the early Reformation which have not been adequately addressed. The debate over the nature and function of anticlericalism remains unresolved; the mainsprings of iconoclasm are still imperfectly understood; the ideological role of evangelical doctrines in stimulating and legitimising popular rebellion - above all in the German Peasants’ War - remains contentious, while the once uniform view of Anabaptism has given way to a recognition of the plurality and diversity of religious radicalism. Equally, there are questions which, initially broached, have then been sidelined with undue haste: the failure of Reforming movements in certain German cities, or the perception of what constituted heresy in the eyes of the Reformers themselves, and not least, the part played by women in the spread of evangelical doctrines. Consisting of seven essays previously published in scholarly journals and edited volumes, together with three new chapters and an historical afterword, Scott’s volume serves as a timely reminder of the importance of the early decades of the sixteenth century. By reopening seemingly closed issues and by revisiting neglected topics the volume contributes to a more nuanced understanding of what the Reformation in Germany entailed.

Download or read book The Swiss and Their Neighbours 1460 1560 written by Tom Scott and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of early-modern Europe was built up gradually by a series of leagues and alliances, and this volume seeks to demonstrate that the Swiss Confederation was one such composite polity, surviving until the end of the ancien regime by accommodating and absorbing internal conflicts through a sense of common identity and mutual obligation.

Download or read book Bauern zwischen Herrschaft und Genossenschaft written by John Ragnar Myking and published by Tapir Academic Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores vertical relations (Herrschaft) between peasants, landlords and territorial lords and horizontal bonds (Genossenschaft) and conflicts within the peasant society. This book examines the peasants' control over land and resources from the High Middle Ages to the end of the early modern period in the Scandinavian countries.

Download or read book Historians on John Gower written by Stephen Rigby and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2019 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The late fourteenth century was the age of the Black Death, the Peasants' Revolt, the Hundred Years War, the deposition of Richard II, the papal schism and the emergence of the heretical doctrines of John Wyclif and the Lollards. These social, political and religious crises and conflicts were addressed not only by preachers and by those involved in public affairs but also by poets, including Chaucer and Langland. Above all, though, it is in the verse of John Gower that we find the most direct engagement with contemporary events. Yet, surprisingly, few historians have examined Gower's responses to these events or have studied the broader moral and philosophical outlook which he used to make sense of them. Here, a number of eminent medievalists seek to demonstrate what historians can add to our understanding of Gower's poetry and his ideas about society (the nobility and chivalry, the peasants and the 1381 revolt, urban life and the law), the Church (the clergy, papacy, Lollardy, monasticism, and the friars) gender (masculinity and women and power), politics (political theory and the deposition of Richard II) and science and astronomy. The book also offers an important reassessment of Gower's biography based on newly-discovered primary sources. STEPHEN RIGBY is Emeritus Professor of Medieval Social and Economic History at the University of Manchester; SIAN ECHARD is Professor of English, University of British Columbia. Contributors: Mark Bailey, Michael Bennett, Martha Carlin, James Davis, Seb Falk, Christopher Fletcher, David Green, David Lepine, Martin Heale, Katherine Lewis, Anthony Musson, Stephen Rigby, Jens Röhrkasten.

Download or read book Shaping Church Law Around the Year 1000 written by Greta Austin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study of Burchard's 'Decretum', a popular book of Catholic canon law compiled just after the year 1000, sheds new light on the development of law and theology long before the Gregorian Reform, normally considered as a watershed in the history of the Latin Church. Practical episcopal concerns and an appreciation of new scholarly methods led Burchard to be dissatisfied with the quality of contemporary jurisprudence and particularly with the teaching texts available to local bishops. Drawing upon new manuscript discoveries, the author shows how Burchard tried to create a new text that would address these problems. He carefully selected and compiled canons from earlier collections and then went on to tamper systematically with the texts he had chosen. By doing so, he created a book of church law that appeared to be based on indisputable authority, that was internally consistent and that was easy to apply through logical extrapolation to new cases. The present study thus provides a window into the development of legal and theological reasoning in the medieval West, and suggests that, thanks to the work of ambitious bishops, the flowering of law and theology began far earlier, and for different reasons, than scholars have heretofore supposed.

Download or read book Schiavit e servaggio nell economia europea Secc XI XVIII Serfdom and Slavery in the European Economy written by Simonetta Cavaciocchi and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Il volume esamina i rapporti di lavoro non contrattuali (schiavitù e servaggio) che a lungo contraddistinsero l'economia europea, sia pure con andamenti assai diversi nelle differenti aree. I saggi in esso contenuti esaminano la evoluzione del servaggio (visto come il lato economico del regime signorile) e delle diverse forme di sottomissione personale, fino alla vera e propria tratta degli schiavi, di cui i mercanti europei furono protagonisti, mettendo in luce una situazione assai più complessa e articolata di quanto gli schemi interpretativi tradizionali lasciassero intuire.

Download or read book Villainy in France 1463 1610 written by Jonathan Patterson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obscene poetry, servants' slanders against their masters, the diabolical acts of those who committed massacre and regicide. This is a book about the harmful, outward manifestation of inner malice—villainy—in French culture (1463-1610). In pre-modern France, villainous offences were countered, if never fully contained, by intersecting legal and literary responses. Combining the methods of legal anthropology with literary and historical analysis, this study examines villainy across juridical documents, criminal records, and literary texts. Whilst few people obtained justice through the law, many pursued out-of-court settlements of one kind or another. Literary texts commemorated villainies both fictitious and historical; literature sometimes instantiated the process of redress, and enabled the transmission of conflicts from one context to another. Villainy in France follows this overflowing current of pre-modern French culture, examining its impact within France and across the English Channel. Scholars and cultural critics of the Anglophone world have long been fascinated by villainy and villains. This book reveals the subject's significant 'Frenchness' and establishes a transcultural approach to it in law and literature. In this study, villainy's particular significance emerges through its representation in authors remembered for their less-than respectable, even criminal, activities: François Villon, Clément Marot, François Rabelais, Pierre de L'Estoile, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, John Marston, and George Chapman. Villainy in France affords legal-literary comparison of these authors alongside many of their lesser-known contemporaries; in so doing, it reinterprets French conflicts within a wider European context, from the mid-fifteenth century to the early seventeenth century.

Download or read book England s Northern Frontier written by Jackson W. Armstrong and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the history of England's northern borderlands in the fifteenth century within a broader social, political and European context.

Download or read book Viking Age Trade written by Jacek Gruszczyński and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That there was an influx of silver dirhams from the Muslim world into eastern and northern Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries is well known, as is the fact that the largest concentration of hoards is on the Baltic island of Gotland. Recent discoveries have shown that dirhams were reaching the British Isles, too. What brought the dirhams to northern Europe in such large numbers? The fur trade has been proposed as one driver for transactions, but the slave trade offers another – complementary – explanation. This volume does not offer a comprehensive delineation of the hoard finds, or a full answer to the question of what brought the silver north. But it highlights the trade in slaves as driving exchanges on a trans-continental scale. By their very nature, the nexuses were complex, mutable and unclear even to contemporaries, and they have eluded modern scholarship. Contributions to this volume shed light on processes and key places: the mints of Central Asia; the chronology of the inflows of dirhams to Rus and northern Europe; the reasons why silver was deposited in the ground and why so much ended up on Gotland; the functioning of networks – perhaps comparable to the twenty-first-century drug trade; slave-trading in the British Isles; and the stimulus and additional networks that the Vikings brought into play. This combination of general surveys, presentations of fresh evidence and regional case studies sets Gotland and the early medieval slave trade in a firmer framework than has been available before.

Download or read book The Routledge History Handbook of Medieval Revolt written by Justine Firnhaber-Baker and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge History Handbook of Medieval Revolt charts the history of medieval rebellion from Spain to Bohemia and from Italy to England, and includes chapters spanning the centuries between Imperial Rome and the Reformation. Drawing together an international group of leading scholars, chapters consider how uprisings worked, why they happened, whom they implicated, what they meant to contemporaries, and how we might understand them now. This collection builds upon new approaches to political history and communication, and provides new insights into revolt as integral to medieval political life. Drawing upon research from the social sciences and literary theory, the essays use revolts and their sources to explore questions of meaning and communication, identity and mobilization, the use of violence and the construction of power. The authors emphasize historical actors’ agency, but argue that access to these actors and their actions is mediated and often obscured by the texts that report them. Supported by an introduction and conclusion which survey the previous historiography of medieval revolt and envisage future directions in the field, The Routledge History Handbook of Medieval Revolt will be an essential reference for students and scholars of medieval political history.