Download or read book Field Emission Electronics written by Nikolay Egorov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to field emission electronics, a promising field at the interface between “classic” vacuum electronics and nanotechnology. In addition to theoretical models, it includes detailed descriptions of experimental and research techniques and production technologies for different types of field emitters based on various construction principles. It particularly focuses on research into and production of field cathodes and electron guns using recently developed nanomaterials and carbon nanotubes. Further, it discusses the applications of field emission cathodes in new technologies such as light sources, flat screens, microwave and X-ray devices.
Download or read book Field Emission in Vacuum Microelectronics written by George N. Fursey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-24 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field emission is a phenomenon described by quantum mechanics. Its emission capability is millions times higher than that of any other known types of electron emission. Nowadays this phenomenon is experiencing a new life due to wonderful applications in the atomic resolution microscopy, in electronic holography, and in the vacuum micro- and nanoelectronics in general. The main field emission properties, and some most remarkable experimental facts and applications, are described in this book.
Download or read book Field Thermionic and Secondary Electron Emission Spectroscopy written by A. Modinos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Formation and Characteristics of a Broad area Semiconductor Field Emission Cathode written by John W. Hanson and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work is a study of the formation, operation and application of a semiconductor field emission cathode consisting of one or more individual emitting points on a broad area cathode. The material primarily used was germanium. Two methods of forming these cathodes were studied; a vacuum breakdown method and one using radiation from a pulsed ruby laser focused on the cathode surface. The former is the method by which the cathode was first revealed. The latter holds the most promise for making cathodes practical. Both types of cathodes were observed with a scanning electron microscope to aid in understanding the mechanism by which the very regular emitting points are formed. The electrical characteristics of the cathode were studied experimentally and found to agree with theory of semiconductor field emission. A retarding potential analyzer was designed and built to measure the energy distribution for electrons emitted from individual points on the cathode. An electron optical system was used to study the operation of the semiconductor cathode as an electron source for such applications as in a cathode ray tube or similar device requiring a low-current electron beam. (Author).
Download or read book Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy 2 Volume Set written by Roland A. Fleck and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The go‐to resource for microscopists on biological applications of field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) The evolution of scanning electron microscopy technologies and capability over the past few years has revolutionized the biological imaging capabilities of the microscope—giving it the capability to examine surface structures of cellular membranes to reveal the organization of individual proteins across a membrane bilayer and the arrangement of cell cytoskeleton at a nm scale. Most notable are their improvements for field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), which when combined with cryo-preparation techniques, has provided insight into a wide range of biological questions including the functionality of bacteria and viruses. This full-colour, must-have book for microscopists traces the development of the biological field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) and highlights its current value in biological research as well as its future worth. Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy highlights the present capability of the technique and informs the wider biological science community of its application in basic biological research. Starting with the theory and history of FEGSEM, the book offers chapters covering: operation (strengths and weakness, sample selection, handling, limitations, and preparation); Commercial developments and principals from the major FEGSEM manufacturers (Thermo Scientific, JEOL, HITACHI, ZEISS, Tescan); technical developments essential to bioFEGSEM; cryobio FEGSEM; cryo-FIB; FEGSEM digital-tomography; array tomography; public health research; mammalian cells and tissues; digital challenges (image collection, storage, and automated data analysis); and more. Examines the creation of the biological field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) and discusses its benefits to the biological research community and future value Provides insight into the design and development philosophy behind current instrument manufacturers Covers sample handling, applications, and key supporting techniques Focuses on the biological applications of field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), covering both plant and animal research Presented in full colour An important part of the Wiley-Royal Microscopical Series, Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy is an ideal general resource for experienced academic and industrial users of electron microscopy—specifically, those with a need to understand the application, limitations, and strengths of FEGSEM.
Download or read book Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy written by Nicolas Brodusch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights what is now achievable in terms of materials characterization with the new generation of cold-field emission scanning electron microscopes applied to real materials at high spatial resolution. It discusses advanced scanning electron microscopes/scanning- transmission electron microscopes (SEM/STEM), simulation and post-processing techniques at high spatial resolution in the fields of nanomaterials, metallurgy, geology, and more. These microscopes now offer improved performance at very low landing voltage and high -beam probe current stability, combined with a routine transmission mode capability that can compete with the (scanning-) transmission electron microscopes (STEM/-TEM) historically run at higher beam accelerating voltage
Download or read book Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission written by Kevin L. Jensen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, in-depth description of the physics behind electron emission physics and its usage in science and technology Electron emission is both a fundamental phenomenon and an enabling component that lies at the very heart of modern science and technology. Written by a recognized authority in the field, with expertise in both electron emission physics and electron beam physics, An Introduction to Electron Emission provides an in-depth look at the physics behind thermal, field, photo, and secondary electron emission mechanisms, how that physics affects the beams that result through space charge and emittance growth, and explores the physics behind their utilization in an array of applications. The book addresses mathematical and numerical methods underlying electron emission, describing where the equations originated, how they are related, and how they may be correctly used to model actual sources for devices using electron beams. Writing for the beam physics and solid state communities, the author explores applications of electron emission methodology to solid state, statistical, and quantum mechanical ideas and concepts related to simulations of electron beams to condensed matter, solid state and fabrication communities. Provides an extensive description of the physics behind four electron emission mechanisms—field, photo, and secondary, and how that physics relates to factors such as space charge and emittance that affect electron beams. Introduces readers to mathematical and numerical methods, their origins, and how they may be correctly used to model actual sources for devices using electron beams Demonstrates applications of electron methodology as well as quantum mechanical concepts related to simulations of electron beams to solid state design and manufacture Designed to function as both a graduate-level text and a reference for research professionals Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission is a valuable learning tool for postgraduates studying quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, solid state physics, electron transport, and beam physics. It is also an indispensable resource for academic researchers and professionals who use electron sources, model electron emission, develop cathode technologies, or utilize electron beams.
Download or read book Quantum Tunneling And Field Electron Emission Theories written by Shi-dong Liang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-11-29 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum tunneling is an essential issue in quantum physics. Especially, the rapid development of nanotechnology in recent years promises a lot of applications in condensed matter physics, surface science and nanodevices, which are growing interests in fundamental issues, computational techniques and potential applications of quantum tunneling.The book involves two relevant topics. One is quantum tunneling theory in condensed matter physics, including the basic concepts and methods, especially for recent developments in mesoscopic physics and computational formulation. The second part is the field electron emission theory, which covers the basic field emission concepts, the Fowler-Nordheim theory, and recent developments of the field emission theory especially in some fundamental concepts and computational formulation, such as quantum confinement effects, Dirac fermion, Luttinger liquid, carbon nanotubes, coherent emission current, quantum tunneling time problem, spin polarized field electron emission and non-equilibrium Green's function method for field electron emission.This book presents in both academic and pedagogical styles, and is as possible as self-complete to make it suitable for researchers and graduate students in condensed matter physics and vacuum nanoelectronics.
Download or read book Field Emission and Field Ionization written by Robert Gomer and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market: Students and researchers in vacuum and surface science, microscopy, and semiconductor physics. This definitive work was based on four lectures presented at Harvard University in 1958. When it was written, field emission was one of the few techniques available for surface studies and the attainment of ultra-high vacuum was a little-known art. Though more sophisticated treatments have since been developed, Gomer's pioneering work remains valid to this day.
Download or read book Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission written by Kevin L. Jensen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, in-depth description of the physics behind electron emission physics and its usage in science and technology Electron emission is both a fundamental phenomenon and an enabling component that lies at the very heart of modern science and technology. Written by a recognized authority in the field, with expertise in both electron emission physics and electron beam physics, An Introduction to Electron Emission provides an in-depth look at the physics behind thermal, field, photo, and secondary electron emission mechanisms, how that physics affects the beams that result through space charge and emittance growth, and explores the physics behind their utilization in an array of applications. The book addresses mathematical and numerical methods underlying electron emission, describing where the equations originated, how they are related, and how they may be correctly used to model actual sources for devices using electron beams. Writing for the beam physics and solid state communities, the author explores applications of electron emission methodology to solid state, statistical, and quantum mechanical ideas and concepts related to simulations of electron beams to condensed matter, solid state and fabrication communities. Provides an extensive description of the physics behind four electron emission mechanisms—field, photo, and secondary, and how that physics relates to factors such as space charge and emittance that affect electron beams. Introduces readers to mathematical and numerical methods, their origins, and how they may be correctly used to model actual sources for devices using electron beams Demonstrates applications of electron methodology as well as quantum mechanical concepts related to simulations of electron beams to solid state design and manufacture Designed to function as both a graduate-level text and a reference for research professionals Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission is a valuable learning tool for postgraduates studying quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, solid state physics, electron transport, and beam physics. It is also an indispensable resource for academic researchers and professionals who use electron sources, model electron emission, develop cathode technologies, or utilize electron beams.
Download or read book Fowler Nordheim Field Emission written by Sitangshu Bhattacharya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph solely presents the Fowler-Nordheim field emission (FNFE) from semiconductors and their nanostructures. The materials considered are quantum confined non-linear optical, III-V, II-VI, Ge, Te, carbon nanotubes, PtSb2, stressed materials, Bismuth, GaP, Gallium Antimonide, II-V, Bi2Te3, III-V, II-VI, IV-VI and HgTe/CdTe superlattices with graded interfaces and effective mass superlattices under magnetic quantization and quantum wires of the aforementioned superlattices. The FNFE in opto-electronic materials and their quantum confined counterparts is studied in the presence of light waves and intense electric fields on the basis of newly formulated electron dispersion laws that control the studies of such quantum effect devices. The importance of band gap measurements in opto-electronic materials in the presence of external fields is discussed from this perspective. This monograph contains 200 open research problems which form the very core and are useful for Ph. D students and researchers. The book can also serve as a basis for a graduate course on field emission from solids.
Download or read book Field Emission of Electrons written by Helen Hanson and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy written by Roland A. Fleck and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-02-06 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The go‐to resource for microscopists on biological applications of field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) The evolution of scanning electron microscopy technologies and capability over the past few years has revolutionized the biological imaging capabilities of the microscope—giving it the capability to examine surface structures of cellular membranes to reveal the organization of individual proteins across a membrane bilayer and the arrangement of cell cytoskeleton at a nm scale. Most notable are their improvements for field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), which when combined with cryo-preparation techniques, has provided insight into a wide range of biological questions including the functionality of bacteria and viruses. This full-colour, must-have book for microscopists traces the development of the biological field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) and highlights its current value in biological research as well as its future worth. Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy highlights the present capability of the technique and informs the wider biological science community of its application in basic biological research. Starting with the theory and history of FEGSEM, the book offers chapters covering: operation (strengths and weakness, sample selection, handling, limitations, and preparation); Commercial developments and principals from the major FEGSEM manufacturers (Thermo Scientific, JEOL, HITACHI, ZEISS, Tescan); technical developments essential to bioFEGSEM; cryobio FEGSEM; cryo-FIB; FEGSEM digital-tomography; array tomography; public health research; mammalian cells and tissues; digital challenges (image collection, storage, and automated data analysis); and more. Examines the creation of the biological field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) and discusses its benefits to the biological research community and future value Provides insight into the design and development philosophy behind current instrument manufacturers Covers sample handling, applications, and key supporting techniques Focuses on the biological applications of field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), covering both plant and animal research Presented in full colour An important part of the Wiley-Royal Microscopical Series, Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy is an ideal general resource for experienced academic and industrial users of electron microscopy—specifically, those with a need to understand the application, limitations, and strengths of FEGSEM.
Download or read book Near Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy written by Taryl Leaton Kirk and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2010 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low beam energies have been implemented in a simplified SEM technique; where the electron source, remote in standard SEMs, is brought within tens of nanometers to the object. This method, known as the "near field emission scanning electron microscopy" (NFESEM), is capable of imaging conducting surfaces with nanometer resolution using beam energies less than 60 eV. The terminology "near" refers to the locality of the field-emitted electron source; which is to distinguish itself from the "remote" field emission gun sources used in standard SEMs. The main aim of this instrument is the realization of some kind of surface topography image due to the exposure of a primary beam of electrons, as it is rastered along the sample surface. This will be achieved by two distinct (although related) experiments: measuring the field emission (FE) current while scanning and detecting the secondary electrons (SE)s generated when the electron beam impinges on the surface. Here, the FE properties, in accordance with the tip-sample separation, will be emphasized, since the variations in SE yield are directly proportional to the impinging primary electron beam. We observe a direct correlation between the image contrast and the FE current, where the image is enhanced with increasing FE current. Moreover, simple electrostatic measurements can be used to define the performance of the device.
Download or read book Soviet Research in Field Emission 1960 1963 written by Tibor W. Marton and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soviet field emission research, including both the experimental and theoretical aspects of field electron and ion emission from metals and semiconductors, is the subject of this bibliography.Over 80 complete references to original publications and 50 meeting papers were selected after an extensive search of the Soviet and East European technical literature published from January 1960 through November 1963.Most of these papers are in Russian; a few are in Czech, English, Hungarian, Polish, and Ukrainian.Full references are given to English translations of the entries whenever available.A list of relevant scientific meetings, papers read at these meetings, bibliographic references, and a brief subject index are appended to the compilation.This bibliography represents the continuation of the survey published in October 1960 as U.S. NBS Technical Note 75.(Author).
Download or read book Soviet Research in Field Electron and Ion Emission 1955 1959 written by Tibor W. Marton and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soviet field emission research, as reflected in the technical literature from 1955 through 1959, is the subject matter of this annotated bibliography. Topics include experimental and theoretical work on field electron emission from metals and semiconductors, work functions, phase transformations, absorption, diffusion, evaporation, surface ionization, and field ion emission. Over one hundred complete references and to a few in Polish, Hungarian, and Czech were selected after an extensive search of the literature. Full references are given to English translations of the entries whenever available. A list of relevant scientific meetings, references, and a brief subject index are appended to the compilation.
Download or read book Calculations of Thermal Field Emission for a Terminated Image Potential written by James F. Morris and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
