Download or read book Facts on the Relocation of Armenians 1914 1918 written by Yusuf Halaçoğlu and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE INTRODUCTION THE ARMENIANS UNDER TURKISH DOMINATION: FROM THE EARLY TIMES ONWARDS a) The Establishment of the Armenian Pati'iarchate b) The Armenian Populatian Figures in the 16th Century in Anatolia CHAPTER I A GENERAL LOOK AT THE ARMENIAN QUESTION RIGHT UP TO THE OUTBREAK OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR A) European Powers' and Russia's Policies in the Near East a) The Incitement of the Armenians b) The Armenians' Demands c) Armenian Reforms d) The Forming of the Armenian Organisations e) First Acts of Violence Committed by the Armenian Revolutionary Organisations f) The Prince Sabahattin Mavement and the Armenians. g) The Adana Violence and the Efforts to establish an independent Armenia B) The Armenians During The Course Of The First World War a) Cooperation of the Armenians with the Russians b) The Van Uprising C) ATROCITIES COMMITIED BY THE ARMENIANS AND THE COUNTER-MEASURES a) The Transfer of the Zeytun Armenians to Konya b) The Closing Down of the Armenian Associations CHAPTER II A) The Making of the Decision for the Relocation of the Armenians and its Implementation a) The Purpose of the Relocation b) The Transfer of the Armenians to New Places for Resenlement c) Attacks on the Armenian Convoys and the Counter Measures taken by the State d) The Armenians not subjected to Relocation and Armenians who converted to Islam to escape it e) Provisions for the relocated Armenians O The Property of the Relocated Armenians g) The Relocation of the Armenians and its Reflections Abroad and the Documented Relocation h) The Armenians af ter the Completion of the Relocation B) The Situation after the Relocation and the Decree of Return CONCLUSION INDEX BIBllOG RAPHY ANNEX.
Download or read book Armenians in the Ottoman Empire According to Ikdam 1914 1918 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: S news, the way towards the relocation process, also the relocation process itself and its results will be explained as well.
Download or read book The Armenian Massacres in Ottoman Turkey written by Guenter Lewy and published by University of Utah Press. This book was released on 2005-11-30 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avoiding the sterile "was-it-genocide-or-not" debate, this book will open a new chapter in this contentious controversy and may help achieve a long-overdue reconciliation of Armenians and Turks.
Download or read book A Global History of Relocation in Counterinsurgency Warfare written by Edward J. Erickson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2019-12-12 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relocation as a strategy and operational approach in war has reappeared in various forms from the late 18th century to the present day. In A Global History of Relocation in Counterinsurgency Warfare, Edward J Erickson brings together a distinguished cast of contributors to present a chronological survey of the major relocations of people conducted as deliberate operational approaches to modern conflicts. Each chapter covers a different case study, including the removal of Native Americans in the USA, La Reconcentracion in Cuba, the American internment of Filipinos after the Balangiga Massacre, the deportation of the Boer population in South Africa and the relocation of Ottoman Armenians and Russian Jews. Bringing together the threads of the separate case studies, the conclusion reaffirms relocation as a deliberate operational approach used by major powers in warfare against real or perceived threats. This is a vital volume for academics and students interested in military history, counterinsurgency and strategic studies.
Download or read book Ambassador Morgenthau s Story written by Henry Morgenthau and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Memoirs of Naim Bey written by Naim Bey and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir 1870 1915 written by Joost Jongerden and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-08-03 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915 offers new, microhistoric and non-nationalist perspectives on the late 19th century history of the province of Diyarbekir. Focusing on a period dominated by violent conflicts between the authorities and various local elites and population groups of the region – urban Muslims, Kurds, Armenians, Syrian Christians and others – this book offers new insights into the social history of the region and the origins of the Armenian and Kurdish "Questions", which were to gain such prominence in the 20th century.
Download or read book America and the Armenian Genocide of 1915 written by Jay Winter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-08 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before Rwanda and Bosnia, and before the Holocaust, the first genocide of the twentieth century happened in Turkish Armenia in 1915, when approximately one million people were killed. This volume is an account of the American response to this atrocity. The first part sets up the framework for understanding the genocide: Sir Martin Gilbert, Vahakn Dadrian and Jay Winter provide an analytical setting for nine scholarly essays examining how Americans learned of this catastrophe and how they tried to help its victims. Knowledge and compassion, though, were not enough to stop the killings. A terrible precedent was born in 1915, one which has come to haunt the United States and other Western countries throughout the twentieth century and beyond. To read the essays in this volume is chastening: the dilemmas Americans faced when confronting evil on an unprecedented scale are not very different from the dilemmas we face today.
Download or read book Dynamic of Destruction written by Alan Kramer and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-11-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 26 August 1914 the world-famous university library in the Belgian town of Louvain was looted and destroyed by German troops. The international community reacted in horror - 'Holocaust at Louvain' proclaimed the Daily Mail - and the behaviour of the Germans at Louvain came to be seen as the beginning of a different style of war, without the rules that had governed military conflict up to that point - a more total war, in which enemy civilians and their entire culture were now 'legitimate' targets. Yet the destruction at Louvain was simply one symbolic moment in a wider wave of cultural destruction and mass killing that swept Europe in the era of the First World War. Using a wide range of examples and eye-witness accounts from across Europe at this time, award-winning historian Alan Kramer paints a picture of an entire continent plunging into a chilling new world of mass mobilization, total warfare, and the celebration of nationalist or ethnic violence - often directed expressly at the enemy's civilian population.
Download or read book Dark Pasts written by Jennifer M. Dixon and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, many states have heard demands that they recognize and apologize for historic wrongs. Such calls have not elicited uniform or predictable responses. While some states have apologized for past crimes, others continue to silence, deny, and relativize dark pasts. What explains the tremendous variation in how states deal with past crimes? When and why do states change the stories they tell about their dark pasts. Dark Pasts argues that international pressures increase the likelihood of change in official narratives about dark pasts, but domestic considerations determine the content of such change. Rather than simply changing with the passage of time, persistence, or rightness, official narratives of dark pasts are shaped by interactions between political factors at the domestic and international levels. Unpacking the complex processes through which international pressures and domestic dynamics shape states’ narratives, Jennifer M. Dixon analyzes the trajectories over the past sixty years of Turkey’s narrative of the 1915–17 Armenian Genocide and Japan’s narrative of the 1937–38 Nanjing Massacre. While both states’ narratives started from similar positions of silencing, relativizing, and denial, Japan has come to express regret and apologize for the Nanjing Massacre, while Turkey has continued to reject official wrongdoing and deny the genocidal nature of the violence. Combining historical richness and analytical rigor, Dark Pasts unravels the complex processes through which such narratives are constructed and contested, and offers an innovative way to analyze narrative change. Her book sheds light on the persistent presence of the past and reveals how domestic politics functions as a filter that shapes the ways in which states’ narratives change—or do not—over time.
Download or read book Crime of Numbers written by Fuat Dundar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics have played an important role in the recognition of the Armenian question on the international landscape as well as its "definitive solution" resulting in the Armenian genocide. The importance of statistics first surfaced at the Congress of Berlin in 1878, where differences in the approach toward numbers between the Armenian and the Ottoman Empire, and the role of statistics within the Ottoman state apparatus, became an issue. At that international gathering, the Armenian question was considered part of the "Eastern Question" paradigm of Western diplomacy. It would soon become a code word for the question of "civilization" itself. Those administering the multi-ethnic Ottoman Empire perceived the Armenian issue not only through ethnic and religious perspectives, but also through statistics. As Dundar shows, statistics became the vehicle through which the Ottoman state apparatus was forced to include non-Muslim populations of the Empire in the state apparatuses and local councils. This occurred long before the Armenian question surfaced. The aim of Ottoman reforms was to ensure that all communities participated in the affairs of the state and that such participation was proportionate to their numbers. Through its role in these reforms, statistics emerged as a constant matter of debate in the Armenian question. As a result of the Armenian genocide, the statistical record has become quite sensitive. Today, accounting for the numbers of Armenians murdered in 1915 usually means calculating the number of Armenians who were massacred or died of other causes such as disease, hunger, exhaustion, and the like during deportations or immediately after. This is a work of brilliant archival history and imaginatively uses social statistics.
Download or read book ngiliz Ermeni ttifak written by Halil Ersin Avcı and published by Halil Ersin AVCI. This book was released on 2019-09-30 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun çöküşü İngiliz Ermeni İttifakı ile başladı. Peki İngilizler ve Ermeniler nasıl ittifak etti. 1688'de İngiliz ve İran-Hindistan Ermenileri arasında imzalanan ve asırlarca sadık kalınarak koruna bu antlaşma nasıl gerçekleşti. Üzerinde güneş batmayan İngiliz İmparatorluğu'nun kuruluşunda Ermeniler ne gibi bir role sahiplerdi? İngiliz istihbarat ağının şekillenmesinde 19. yüzyılda İngilizler Ermenileri nasıl kullandı? İngilizler, kendi imparatorluk çıkarları için Ermeniler ve Türkleri nasıl birbirine düşman etti? 1915 olaylarının perde arkasında neler var? Peki İngilizler neden Ermenileri yüz üstü bıraktılar? Daha bunun gibi onlarca günümüze kadar cevaplanmamış sorular bu çalışmada cevap buluyor. Halil Ersin Avcı'nın 7 yıllık Türkiye, İngiltere, Fransa, ABD ve Almanya'daki araştırmalarının neticesinde ortaya çıkan bu çalışma kapsamı itibariyle de bir ilk. Ermeni Meselesine ve Ortadoğu'yu kana bulayan daha birçok mevzuya hiç bakmadığınız bir açıdan bakacaksınız.
Download or read book A Companion to World War I written by John Horne and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-30 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Companion to the First World War brings together an international team of distinguished historians who provide a series of original and thought-provoking essays on one of the most devastating events in modern history. Comprises 38 essays by leading scholars who analyze the current state of historical scholarship on the First World War Provides extensive coverage spanning the pre-war period, the military conflict, social, economic, political, and cultural developments, and the war's legacy Offers original perspectives on themes as diverse as strategy and tactics, war crimes, science and technology, and the arts Selected as a 2011 Outstanding Academic Title by CHOICE
Download or read book The Young Turks Crime against Humanity written by Taner Akçam and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-22 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unprecedented look at secret documents showing the deliberate nature of the Armenian genocide Introducing new evidence from more than 600 secret Ottoman documents, this book demonstrates in unprecedented detail that the Armenian Genocide and the expulsion of Greeks from the late Ottoman Empire resulted from an official effort to rid the empire of its Christian subjects. Presenting these previously inaccessible documents along with expert context and analysis, Taner Akçam's most authoritative work to date goes deep inside the bureaucratic machinery of Ottoman Turkey to show how a dying empire embraced genocide and ethnic cleansing. Although the deportation and killing of Armenians was internationally condemned in 1915 as a "crime against humanity and civilization," the Ottoman government initiated a policy of denial that is still maintained by the Turkish Republic. The case for Turkey's "official history" rests on documents from the Ottoman imperial archives, to which access has been heavily restricted until recently. It is this very source that Akçam now uses to overturn the official narrative. The documents presented here attest to a late-Ottoman policy of Turkification, the goal of which was no less than the radical demographic transformation of Anatolia. To that end, about one-third of Anatolia's 15 million people were displaced, deported, expelled, or massacred, destroying the ethno-religious diversity of an ancient cultural crossroads of East and West, and paving the way for the Turkish Republic. By uncovering the central roles played by demographic engineering and assimilation in the Armenian Genocide, this book will fundamentally change how this crime is understood and show that physical destruction is not the only aspect of the genocidal process.
Download or read book Diasporas of the Modern Middle East written by Anthony Gorman and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approaching the Middle East through the lens of Diaspora Studies, the 11 detailed case studies in this volume explore the experiences of different diasporic groups in and of the region, and look at the changing conceptions and practice of diaspora in the context of the modern Middle East.
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Turkey written by Metin Heper and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of Historical Dictionary of Turkey covers Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey through a time span of more than six centuries. It presents the basic characteristics of the two periods and traces the developments from an empire to a state-nation, from tradition to modernity, from a sultanate to a republic, and from modest country to a country that is already a regional power and further aspiring becoming a country to be reckoned with. This is done through a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 900 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Turkey.
Download or read book A Question of Genocide written by Ronald Grigor Suny and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-02 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One hundred years after the deportations and mass murder of Armenians, Greeks, Assyrians, and other peoples in the final years of the Ottoman Empire, the history of the Armenian genocide is a victim of historical distortion, state-sponsored falsification, and deep divisions between Armenians and Turks. Working together for the first time, Turkish, Armenian, and other scholars present here a compelling reconstruction of what happened and why. This volume gathers the most up-to-date scholarship on Armenian genocide, looking at how the event has been written about in Western and Turkish historiographies; what was happening on the eve of the catastrophe; portraits of the perpetrators; detailed accounts of the massacres; how the event has been perceived in both local and international contexts, including World War I; and reflections on the broader implications of what happened then. The result is a comprehensive work that moves beyond nationalist master narratives and offers a more complete understanding of this tragic event.
