Download or read book Exploration for Platinum group Element Deposits written by James E. Mungall and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Platinum Group Element Exploration written by D.L. Buchanan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The platinum-group elements (PGE) include platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium. They are currently receiving world-wide attention as an attractive exploration target because they offer the dual attraction of rare, high value precious metals as well as major industrial applications. Platinum has aesthetic qualities, combined with a permanent lustre, which encourage its use in the manufacture of jewellery and, like gold, it also finds an investment role. Platinum, rhodium and palladium have important applications as catalysts, enabling petroleum and other fuels and chemicals to be produced efficiently from crude oil. This book gives a practical set of guidelines for implementing a programme of PGE exploration, detecting subtle indications of mineralization and assessing the economic potential of a group of mafic or ultramafic rocks. Background material is given on the economic and geological framework of the PGE in the first chapter, while theoretical aspects of magma chemistry are covered in the next three. Chapters 5 and 6 review current world-wide exploration activity within the context of available reserves of PGE, and in Chapter 7 factors which need to be considered in exploration for new deposits are outlined. The last chapter discusses evaluation guidelines. As the PGE are both costly and almost indestructible they are normally recycled; nevertheless, a substantial annual input of new metal is needed to replace process losses, to permit increases in capacity in the dependent industries and to provide for new uses. For example, a major new market for platinum will be created if the European Community countries are required to fit catalytic converters to new cars. At present, South Africa and the USSR are the sources of most of the western world's newly mined PGE, with virtually all the South African production derived from the Bushveld Complex. Much of the material presented in this book is based on the author's experience of these rocks, and emphasis is given to the dominant role played by magmatic sulphides as potent collectors of PGE. Consumers of minerals and metals, however, prefer to have a diversity of supply and a new PGE producer is therefore likely to attract a ready market. Not only does the book provide a wealth of practical information for mining geologists, it also contains much of interest to those in natural resource management and investment.
Download or read book Layered Intrusions written by Bernard Charlier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-18 with total page 749 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited work contains the most recent advances related to the study of layered intrusions and cumulate rocks formation. The first part of this book presents reviews and new views of processes producing the textural, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of layered igneous rocks. The second part summarizes progress in the study of selected layered intrusions and their ore deposits from different parts of the world including Canada, Southwest China, Greenland and South Africa. Thirty experts have contributed to this update on recent research on Layered Intrusions. This highly informative book will provide insight for researchers with an interest in geology, igneous petrology, geochemistry and mineral resources.
Download or read book Scientific Investigations Report written by Sharon E. Kroening and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Mineral Resources of the United States written by K. J. Schulz and published by Geological Survey. This book was released on 2017 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the importance and dependence of specific mineral commodities increase, so does concern about their supply. The United States is currently 100 percent reliant on foreign sources for 20 mineral commodities and imports the majority of its supply of more than 50 mineral commodities. Mineral commodities that have important uses and face potential supply disruption are critical to American economic and national security. However, a mineral commodity's importance and the nature of its supply chain can change with time; a mineral commodity that may not have been considered critical 25 years ago may be critical today, and one considered critical today may not be so in the future. The U.S. Geological Survey has produced this volume to describe a select group of mineral commodities currently critical to our economy and security. For each mineral commodity covered, the authors provide a comprehensive look at (1) the commodity's use; (2) the geology and global distribution of the mineral deposit types that account for the present and possible future supply of the commodity; (3) the current status of production, reserves, and resources in the United States and globally; and (4) environmental considerations related to the commodity's production from different types of mineral deposits. The volume describes U.S. critical mineral resources in a global context, for no country can be self-sufficient for all its mineral commodity needs, and the United States will always rely on global mineral commodity supply chains. This volume provides the scientific understanding of critical mineral resources required for informed decisionmaking by those responsible for ensuring that the United States has a secure and sustainable supply of mineral commodities.
Download or read book Processes and Ore Deposits of Ultramafic Mafic Magmas through Space and Time written by Sisir K. Mondal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Processes and Ore Deposits of Ultramafic-Mafic Magmas through Space and Time focuses on the fundamental processes that control the formation of ore deposits from ultramafic-mafic magmas, covering chromite, platinum-group element (PGE), Ni-sulfides and Ti-V-bearing magnetite. The exploration, exploitation and use of these magmatic ores are important aspects of geology and directly linked to the global economy. Magmatic ores form from ultramafic-mafic magmas and crystallize at high-temperature after emplacement into crustal magma chambers, and are genetically linked to the evolution of the parental magmas through space and time. This book features recent developments in the field of magmatic ore deposits, and is an essential resource for both industry professionals and those in academia. Elucidates the relationships between tectonic settings and magmatic ore mineralization Provides the links between magma generation in the mantle and ore mineralization at crustal levels Features the latest research on changing patterns in magmatic ore mineralization through time and their bearing on the chemical evolution of the Earth’s mantle
Download or read book Platinum group Element Exploration written by Dennis L. Buchanan and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Magmatic Sulfide Deposits written by Anthony J. Naldrett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written by a leading authority on the subject of magmatic sulfide deposits. An overview of deposit types, accompanied by a summary of the resources of nickel, copper and platinum-group elements in the world’s principal known deposits, is followed by a summary of the relevant physical chemistry. The core of the book comprises a discussion about the geology and geochemistry of each of the deposit types in turn, accompanied by the implications of this data to the origin of the deposits in the light of our understanding of the chemical processes involved. A final chapter focuses on the use of the genetic concepts in exploration.
Download or read book Mechanisms of Platinum group Element Fractionation in Ultramafic Melts and Implications for the Exploration for Magmatic Nickel Sulphide Deposits written by Marek Locmelis and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Platinum-group elements (PGE) are important as petrogenetic tracers, but owing to their low abundances and complex behaviour they are among the least understood elements in geochemistry. This study investigates the mechanisms of PGE fractionation in ultramafic systems (komatiites, komatiitic basalts, ferro-picrites) and focuses on the role of chromite. Samples from a range of occurrences have been analysed to assess potential controls on PGE behaviour, such as geochemical affinities (Munro-type and Karasjok-type), age (2.0 and 2.7 Ga), emplacement styles, metamorphic grade and nickel-sulphide mineralisation endowment and style. -- Data obtained by in-situ laser ablation ICP-MS analysis provide the first direct evidence that Ru can exist in solid solution in chromite with concentrations up to several hundred ppb. The data show that the behaviour of Ru is dominantly controlled by the sulphide-saturation state. In systems that did not equilibrate with a sulphide liquid, chromites have distinctly higher Ru concentrations than chromites from systems that interacted with a sulphur-source during crystallisation. Carius tube digestion isotope dilution ICP-MS analyses of chromite separates confirm the accuracy of the in-situ study and also show that Ir is weakly compatible in chromite. Anomalously high Pt and Pd concentrations in chromite separates reflect the presence of platinum-group minerals (PGM) and suggest that PGM are common accessory phases in komatiites. A study of the PGE-mineralogy shows that PGM in komatiites can be of magmatic and post-magmatic origin and that they often remain undetected due to grain sizes less than 5 urn. As a consequence, the presence of PGE minerals has to be taken into account when whole-rock PGE signatures are interpreted. -- The association of Ru-poor chromites with Ni mineralisation and Ru-rich chromites with barren systems provides a new tool for the exploration for nickel-sulphide deposits. This model applies to all magma types and is independent of the age, the geochemical affinity, and other sample characteristics.
Download or read book Review of Platinum Group Element Deposits in Ontario written by John T. Postle and published by Ontario, Mines and Minerals Division. This book was released on 1986 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mineral Deposits of Finland written by Wolfgang Derek Maier and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-05-23 with total page 819 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mineral Deposits of Finland is the only up-to-date and inclusive reference available that fully captures the scope of Finland’s mineral deposits and their economic potential. Finland hosts Europe’s most mature rocks and large cratonic blocks, analogous to western Australia and Southern Africa, which are the most mineralized terrains on Earth.Authored by the world’s premier experts on Finnish mineral exploration and mining, Mineral Deposits of Finland offers a thorough summary of the mineral deposits and their petrogenesis, helping readers to map, explore, and identify Finland’s renewed potential for mineral exploration and extraction. Presents a thoroughly inclusive catalogue of Finland’s mineral deposits and their economic potential Features full-color figures, illustrations, working examples and photographs to aid the reader in retaining key concepts to underscore major advances in the exploration of Finland’s mineral resources Offers concise chapter summaries authored by leaders in geological research, which provide accessible overviews of deposit classes
Download or read book The Geology Geochemistry Mineralogy and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum group Elements written by Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Results and Advances in PGE Mineralogy in Various Ni Cu Cr PGE Ore Systems written by Andrei Y. Barkov and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-11-14 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book (Special Issue) presents impressive new results related to a wide spectrum of occurrences of platinum-group minerals (PGM) and natural compounds enriched in platinum-group elements (PGE), which are associated with various complexes and deposits, such as Uralian-Alaskan-type complexes, layered intrusions and placers. The geographical locations of the involved deposits and complexes include, on a truly international scale, different areas of the Urals, Western and Eastern Sayans and Gornaya Shoria in Siberia, Southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt in China, Northern Michigan, USA, South Africa and Zimbabwe, etc. Of particular interest is the first description of a new species of PGM, thalhammerite (approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association), which is a new species of palladium-silver sulfobismuthide discovered in the Noril’sk region of Russia. Additionally, comprehensive reviews, on compositional variations in Pt–Fe alloy minerals and processes of transformations of PGM in exogenic environments, are presented which will also attract attention from international readers.
Download or read book Understanding Mineral Deposits written by Kula Misra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 857 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mineral deposits have supplied useful or valuable material for human consumption long before they became objects of scientific curiosity or commercial exploitation. In fact, the earliest human interest in rocks was probably because of the easily accessible, useful (e. g. , red pigment in the form of earthy hematite) or valuable (e. g. , native gold and gemstones) materials they contained at places. In modem times, the study of mineral deposits has evolved into an applied science employing detailed field observations, sophisticated laboratory techniques for additional information, and computer modeling to build complex hypotheses. Understanding concepts that would someday help geologists to find new mineral deposits or exploit the known ones more efficiently have always been, and will continue to be, at the core of any course on mineral deposits, but it is a fascinating subject in its own right, even for students who do not intend to be professional economic geologists. I believe that a course on mineral deposits should be designed as a "capstone course" that illustrates a comprehensive application of concepts from many other disciplines in geology (mineralogy, stratigraphy and sedimentation, structure and tectonics, petrology, geochemistry, paleontology, geomorphology, etc. ). This book is intended as a text for such an introductory course in economic geology, primarily for senior undergraduate and graduate students in colleges and universities. It should also serve as a useful information resource for professional economic geologists.
Download or read book Geo Platinum 87 written by Hazel Prichard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-19 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Geo-Platinum 87 Symposium, held at the Open University during April 1987, was designed as a forum for presentation of new research results on the occurrence, genesis, geochemistry, mineralogy and analysis of the platinum-group elements (PGE). With the support of the Open University and the Mineral Industry Research Organisation, the symposium was attended by 115 representatives of university departments, research institutions and members of the mining and mineral exploration industries. An introduction to the symposium was provided by two invited papers from C. J. Morrissey (Riofinex North) and C. R. N. Clark (Johnson Matthey) which were designed to give perspective to the goals of PGE research work. The first of these papers gave a provocative insight into the aims and objectives of an exploration manager, examining the influence of supply, demand and perceived world reserves on exploration strategy. The second invited paper gave a valuable view of the industrial uses, market trends and predicted changes in the commercial value of the platinum-group elements from the standpoint of a refining company and supplier. These invited papers are reproduced in this volume and are followed by twenty four full papers and twenty abstracts that reflect the wide range of research topics presented at the symposium.
Download or read book A History of Platinum and its Allied Metals written by Donald McDonald and published by Johnson Matthey Plc. This book was released on 1982-01-01 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the history of platinum and its associated metals, covering important discoveries and scientific work on the platinum group metals up to the early twentieth century. With twenty-four chapters, 450 pages, over 600 references and 235 illustrations (20 in colour) including 100 portraits, “A History of Platinum and its Allied Metals” by Donald McDonald and Leslie B. Hunt is the definitive description of how science was able to progress by means of the unique properties of these metals.
Download or read book Ophiolite Genesis and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere written by Tj. Peters and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-02 with total page 905 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Ophiolite Conference, held in Muscat, Oman, January 7-18, 1990
