Download or read book Essays on Asset Pricing and Empirical Estimation written by Pooya Nazeran and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A considerable portion of the asset pricing literature considers the demand schedule for asset prices to be perfectly elastic (flat). As argued, asset prices are determined using information about future payoff distribution, as well as the discount rate; consequently, an asset would be priced independent of its available supply. Furthermore, such a flat demand curve is considered to be a consequence of the Efficient Market Hypothesis. My dissertation evaluates and questions the factuality of these assertions. I approach this problem from both an empirical and a theoretical perspective. The general argument is that asset prices do respond to supply-shocks; and changes in aggregate demand, stemming from preference changes, new international investments, or quantitative easing by the Fed, can result in price changes. Hence, asset prices are determined by both demand and supply factors. In the first essay, "Downward Sloping Asset Demand: Evidence from the Treasury Bills Market," I report on my empirical study which establishes the existence of a downward sloping demand curve (DSDC) in the T-bill market. In the second essay, "Asset Pricing: Inelastic Supply," I examine the theoretical issues concerning a downward sloping demand curve. I begin by clarifying a common confusion in the literature, namely, that many asset pricing models imply a flat demand curve. I show that the prominent asset pricing models, including Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) and Consumption Capital Asset Pricing Model (CCAPM), all have an underlying DSDC. I further show that, while these models imply the relevance of supply, they are inconvenient as a vehicle for the estimation and analysis of the DSDC in the data. For those purposes, I develop an asset pricing framework based on the stochastic discount factor framework, specifically designed with a DSDC at its heart. I end the essay with a discussion of the framework's implications and applications. In the third essay I develop on the Factor-Augmented Vector-Autoregression (FAVAR) literature, proposing a bias-corrected method. As implemented in the literature, the Principal Component Analysis stage of FAVAR introduces a classical-error-in-variable problem which leads to bias. I propose an instrument-based method for bias correction.

Download or read book Selected Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing written by Christian Funke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christian Funke aims at developing a better understanding of a central asset pricing issue: the stock price discovery process in capital markets. Using U.S. capital market data, he investigates the importance of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) for stock prices and examines economic links between customer and supplier firms. The empirical investigations document return predictability and show that capital markets are not perfectly efficient.

Download or read book Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing written by Irina Pimenova and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, I revisit two problems in empirical asset pricing. In Chapter 1, I propose a methodology to evaluate the validity of linear asset pricing factor models under short sale restrictions using a regression-based test. The test is based on the revised null hypothesis that intercepts obtained from regressing excess returns of test assets on factor returns, usually referred to as alphas, are non-positive. I show that under short sale restrictions a much larger set of models is supported by the data than without restrictions. In particular, the Fama-French five-factor model augmented with the momentum factor is rejected less often than other models. In Chapter 2, I investigate patterns of equity premium predictability in international capital markets and explore the robustness of common predictive variables. In particular, I focus on predictive regressions with multiple predictors: dividend-price ratio, four interest rate variables, and inflation. To obtain precise estimates, two estimation methods are employed. First, I consider all capital markets jointly as a system of regressions. Second, I take into account uncertainty about which potential predictors forecast excess returns by employing spike-and-slab prior. My results suggest evidence in favor of predictability is weak both in- and out-of-sample and limited to a few countries. The strong predictability observed on the U.S. market is rather exceptional. In addition, my analysis shows that considering model uncertainty is essential as it leads to a statistically significant increase of investors' welfare both in- and out-of-sample. On the other hand, the welfare increase associated with considering capital markets jointly is relatively modest. However, it leads to reconsider the relative importance of predictive variables because the variables that are statistically significant predictors in the country-specific regressions are insignificant when the capital markets are studied jointly. In particular, my results suggest that the in-sample evidence in favor of the interest rate variables, that are believed to be among the most robust predictors by the literature, is spurious and is mostly driven by ignoring the cross-country information. Conversely, the dividend-price ratio emerges as the only robust predictor of future stock returns.

Download or read book Essays on High frequency Asset Pricing written by Hongxiang Xu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis uses high-frequency data to estimate the stochastic discount factor. The high-frequency data used is sampled at one-second frequency. The fundamental equation of asset pricing is based on the continuous-time no-arbitrage theory. For empirical estimation, I apply the general method of moments to estimate the market price of risk for the risk factors, which consist of exchange-traded funds (ETFs). In Chapter 1, I estimate a one-factor model using the ETF SPY (an SPDR ETF that tracks S&P 500 index) as the risk factor. The estimated risk prices are significant over 2/3 of the sample, and the time series shows plausible patterns of the overall riskiness of the market. An additional factor using IWM (the Russell 2000 ETF that tracks the performance of the small-cap equity market) as the second factor is incorporated into the model in Chapter 2 to arrive at a two-factor model. Adding IWM improves the performance of the model and the estimation precision substantially: the risk price of SPY is almost always significant and the risk price of IWM is significant for about 2/3 of the sample. In Chapter 3 I extend the two-factor model by adding a third factor. Adding a third factor improves the performance of the model to a modest extent, but the large-cap factor SPY followed by the small-cap factor IWM are predominant.

Download or read book Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing written by Johan Parmler and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Empirical Asset Pricing written by Junyan Shen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing written by Alessio Alberto Saretto and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Empirical Asset Pricing written by Theis Ingerslev Jensen and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing written by Svetlana Bryzgalova and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing written by Ziye Nie and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Two Essays on Asset Pricing written by Jun Xu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay One: A New Estimate of BetaThis essay examines a new method of estimating systematic risk, or "beta". Due to market imperfection, stock prices, especially those of small firms, do not move with the market index synchronously. Because of nonsynchronous or delayed reaction in price for small firms, the traditional beta estimated from the market model may not be a true reflection of systematic risk. In other words, since stock prices do not fully respond to the market in a single period, the contemporary beta may only reflect the partial systematic risk. As a result, the beta estimated from the market model is underestimated for small firms and overestimated for large firms. The same problem also causes betas estimated from the market model to vary greatly across different estimation horizons. I develop a model of delay/lead price reactions for small/large firms. Based on this model I derive a multiple-period regression equation for the new estimation of beta.^We then estimate the equation for each of the ten size-ranked decile portfolios at different estimation horizons, using monthly, weekly and daily returns. Betas estimated from the optimal estimation horizons for monthly, weekly, and daily returns are discussed. Our results show that, betas estimated at similar horizons, using monthly, weekly, and daily returns, are consistent with each other. Betas estimated for the ten size-decile portfolios from monthly, weekly, and daily average returns are positively related to those returns, respectively. Essay Two: Test of Capital Asset Pricing Model Based on a New Estimate of BetaThis essay tests the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), based on a new estimate of beta. The test methodology follows the classic Fama-MacBeth (1973) approach, using updated data from 1926-2010.^I ran each test on eleven different periods based on three different estimates of beta: the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) beta, the Scholes-Williams (1977) beta, and a new estimate of beta. From three long testing periods, 1935-1968, 1969-2010, and 1935-2010, all three hypotheses are confirmed based on the new estimate of beta. In other words there is a positive trade-off between average return and risk, and non-linearity and non-beta risk do not play a significant role in explaining the cross section of expected return. Test results from the three long periods based on the OLS beta and the Scholes-Williams beta are mixed and less supportive to CAPM. Our test results from the eight shorter periods do not confirm the CAPM. However, this may be due to the lack of power and efficiency of the test methodology when applied to short periods.^Overall, our results from long periods show that tests based on the new estimate of beta perform better than those based on the OLS beta and the Scholes-Williams beta in terms of supporting CAPM.

Download or read book Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing written by Aleksandra Anna Rzeznik and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Empirical Asset Pricing written by John Robert Vogel and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation includes three essays of empirical asset pricing. In the first essay, The Value/Growth Anomaly and Hard to Value Firms, I show that combining quality signals (firm fundamentals) and hard to value measures increases the return spread between value and growth portfolios. A portfolio that is long high quality value firms that are hard to value and short low quality growth firms that are hard to value yields a 4-factor alpha of up to 1.41% per month. Second, ex-ante observed quality signals are better at predicting high performance and low performance growth stocks as compared to value stocks. This growth stock mispricing can be explained by extreme quality measures, and enhanced by focusing on hard to value growth firms. In the second essay, Using Maximum Drawdowns to Capture Tail Risk, I, along with my co-author Wesley R. Gray, propose the use of maximum drawdown, the maximum peak to trough loss across a time series of compounded returns, as a simple method to capture an element of risk unnoticed by linear factor models: tail risk. Unlike other tail-risk metrics, maximum drawdown is intuitive and easy-to-calculate. We look at maximum drawdowns to assess tail risks associated with market neutral strategies identified in the academic literature. Our evidence suggests that academic anomalies are not anomalous: all strategies endure large drawdowns at some point in the time series. Many of these losses would trigger margin calls and investor withdrawals, forcing an investor to liquidate. In the third essay, Analyzing Valuation Measures: A Performance Horse Race over the Past 40 Years, I, along with my co-author Wesley R. Gray, show that EBITDA/TEV has historically been the best performing valuation metric and outperforms many investor favorites such as price-to-earnings, free-cash-flow to total enterprise value, and book-to-market. We also explore the investment potential of long-term valuation ratios, which replaces one-year earnings with an average of long-term earnings. In contrast to prior empirical work, we find that long-term ratios add little investment value over standard one-year valuation metrics.

Download or read book Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing written by Sungjun Cho and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two chapters, all of which attempt to shed some light on what constitutes the time-varying risk premia in financial markets. The first chapter demonstrates that monetary policy shocks identified from New-Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models explain the risk premia in stock markets. Indeed, the implied ICAPMs explain the value and the industry premia for the periods of 1980 to 2004. In particular, the permanent monetary policy shocks to inflation target capture the value premium and part of industry risk premium once I account for the capital market imperfection endogenously in New-Keynesian models. The shocks to investment technology, as a main determinant of the external finance premium, are also important for understanding the value premium.

Download or read book Essays on Empirical Asset Pricing written by Dimitrios Nteventzis and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three essays on empirical asset pricing. In the first paper, we examine the impact of test criteria in identifying true asset pricing factors. We focus on the Sharpe ratio and pricing performance improvement. While both criteria are exposed to model misspecification, we find that pricing performance criteria are inferior as their performance is driven by estimation bias. Through an empirical application, we demonstrate the impact of the criteria on the subset of selected factors. In the second paper, we study the cross-section of corporate bonds by utilizing a large set of financial statements, equity and bond characteristics. We use a predictive regression framework and the adaptive Lasso to choose the most relevant characteristics. Applying the adaptive Lasso, we find a ten-factor model, with value, bond reversal, and equity momentum spillover being the dominant factors. We evaluate the economic benefits of investing according to the predictions of the adaptive Lasso and find significant benefits in terms of absolute and risk-adjusted returns. In the third paper, we evaluate the ability of U.S. corporate bond fund managers to generate alpha. We apply the False Discovery Rate (FDR) to distinguish between "skill" and "luck". We find that long-term out-performance remains elusive, with only 1% of the funds able to generate significant alpha over their life. However, fund managers can generate alpha over the short-term, with the proportion of skilled funds increasing to 13.5% when we examine three-year sub-periods.

Download or read book Essays on Empirical Asset Pricing written by Huaizhi Chen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Empirical Asset Pricing written by Andres Ayala and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is composed of three essays which examine different topics in empirical asset pricing. Chapter 1 is the result of joint work with Andrew Ang and William Goetzmann. First, we document that American university and college endowments have shifted their asset allocations from stocks to alternative investments. By the end of the sample, the average endowment holds close to one third of its portfolios in private equity and hedge funds. What are the expectations of future returns that can explain these changes in portfolio holdings? Fitting a simple asset allocation model using Bayesian methods, we estimate that at the end of 2012, the average university expects its private equity investments to outperform a portfolio of conventional assets by 3.9% per year and hedge funds to outperform by 0.7% per year. These out-performance beliefs have increased over time, reaching their peak at the end of our sample. There is also significant cross-sectional heterogeneity in our results.