Download or read book Energy Savings and Maintenance Optimization of Energy efficient Lighting Retrofit Projects Incorporating Lumen Degradation written by Alice Ikuzwe and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lighting retrofit method is adopted as one of the solutions to reduce lighting energy consumption and improve lighting quality in existing buildings. Lighting controls and energy-efficient light sources are used to achieve the goals of the lighting retrofit. Nowadays, Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are replacing traditional lighting technology owing to their high efficiency and longevity. One of the advantages of LEDs is the controllability function, which allows users to set the light level according to their preferences. This saves more energy and satisfies users' lighting needs. However, over time, the performance of lighting retrofit projects deteriorates subject to failure of the retrofitted lights. Therefore, to maintain the performance of lighting retrofit projects, maintenance must be planned and performed. The impacts of the users' lighting level requirements on LEDs' life characteristics and lighting system performance are investigated by using lighting controls. Light and occupancy sensors adjust artificial light to the light level required by users and detect the presence of users in the zones, respectively. Light sensors measure the average illuminance in the zones. The measured illuminance is compared to the usersa̲2́Ơ4́Ø set illuminance; if the measured illuminance is higher than the usersa̲2́Ơ4́Ø set illuminance, lamps are dimmed to meet usersa̲2́Ơ4́Ø lighting preference, when the measured illuminance is less than the users set illuminance, lamps in the zone are replaced by new ones. The dimming level in each zone at each sampling interval is used to estimate the operating junction temperature, thereafter the degradation rate and luminous flux are calculated. Light levels at workspace are modelled using the lumen method. This model helps to quantify energy savings and predict when lamps will fail to deliver the required light levels. In existing studies, users' lighting level requirements are neglected when investigating the lifetime of the lighting system; however, users' profile and driving schemes affect the operating conditions of a lighting system. From the simulation results, it is noted that lumen output degradation increases when the user's set illuminance is above the illuminance required under normal operating conditions and decreases when the user's set illuminance is below the illuminance required under normal operating conditions. Increased lumen output degradation shortens the lifetime of LEDs and reduces energy savings, while decreased lumen output degradation extends the lifetime and increases energy savings. Generally, lighting retrofit projects contain a large lighting population; investigating when each lamp will fail can be time-consuming and costly. In this research, a mathematical model is formulated to model LEDs' failure by analysing the statistical properties of the lumen degradation rates. Based on the statistical properties of the degradation rates, the cumulative probability of failure distribution and the survival function are modelled. The formulated survival function is incorporated into the lighting maintenance optimization problem to balance energy savings and maintenance costs. A case study carried out shows that, in 10 years, the optimal lighting maintenance plan would save up to 59% of lighting energy consumption with acceptable maintenance costs. It is found that the proposed maintenance plan is more cost-effective than full maintenance. It is concluded that lumen degradation failure should be considered when investigating the performance of lighting retrofit projects, as this may not only affect energy savings but also reduce the level of illumination, which can cause visual discomfort. The initial investment costs of LEDs are still a barrier to the implementation of LED lighting systems in residential buildings. Energy-efficiency projects often face hurdles to access capital investments because decision-makers and funders do not have enough information about operational savings the project can provide and specific financial requirements applied to efficiency investment. In this research, an optimization model is formulated to give decision-makers and funders detailed information about the performance and operational savings that a LED lighting retrofit project can offer and its economic viability. The lumen degradation failure model developed is used to monitor and estimate the energy savings, and the optimal maintenance plan is scheduled to replace failed lamps. In the existing studies, the economic analysis of the lighting retrofit projects is assessed based on lighting population decay due to burnout failure while in this research economic analysis is assessed by considering the lumen degradation failure. The case study results show that the substitution of halogen light bulbs with LED light bulbs could save up to 291.4 GWh of energy consumption, and reduce 273:92 103 tons of CO2 emissions over 10-year period. The optimization model formulated is effective to help the decision-makers and funders to quantify the savings and assess the economic viability of the LED lighting retroiÌ8nÌ+ A̷t project. This optimization model can help the decision-makers and funders to make an informed decision.
Download or read book Lighting Retrofit and Relighting written by James R. Benya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-08 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate guide to the retrofitting of lighting for greater efficiency and performance Retrofitting outdated energy-guzzling lighting components with green energy-saving alternatives is a process that promotes sustainability and offers significant benefits for businesses, contractors, and the community at large. Not only can retrofitting improve the overall quality and functionality of light, it also can make spaces safer, easier and less costly to maintain, and more comfortable to inhabit. From lighting technology to retrofit financial analysis, Lighting Retrofit and Relighting evaluates the latest lighting system types, then demonstrates how to apply them for the greatest functional and cost-saving benefit. This book: Discusses the recent advances in lighting equipment and retrofittable controls, for both interior and outdoor use Explains how to do a lighting audit to identify and evaluate logical retrofit choices Includes case studies of retrofits, illustrating improvements in the quality and efficacy of new lighting Demonstrates how cost savings realized over time can not only pay for new equipment but produce a return on the investment Lighting Retrofit and Relighting serves as an ideal reference for students or professionals—whether they are energy auditors, designers, installers, facilities managers, or manufacturers—by taking a close look at the most current lighting technology illuminating pathways toward a brighter future.
Download or read book Daylighting and electric lighting retrofit solutions written by Aktuna, Berat and published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy efficient lighting is said to be one of the most cost-effective approaches to save energy and reduce C02 emissions. In order to stimulate the application of lighting retrofits of good quality, IEA Task 50, Subtask B “Daylighting and Electric Lighting solutions” has looked into the assessment of existing and new technical retrofit solutions in the field of façade and daylighting technology, electric lighting and lighting controls. The document provides information for those involved in the development of retrofit products or involved in the decision making process of a retrofit project, such as buildings owners, authorities, designers and consultants, as well as the lighting and façade industry. This source book addresses both electric lighting solu¬tions and daylighting solutions, and offers a method to compare these retrofit solutions on a common basis, including a wide range of quality criteria of cost-related and lighting quality aspects. Simple retrofits, such as replacing a lamp or adding interior blinds, are widely accepted, often applied because of their low initial costs or short payback periods. The work presented in this report aims at promoting state-of-the-art and new lighting retrofit approaches that might cost more but offer a further reduction of energy consumption while improving lighting quality to a greater extend. Energieeffiziente Beleuchtung ist eine der effektivsten Möglichkeiten, Energie zu sparen und damit die Emission von CO2 zu vermindern. Im Rahmen des IEA Task 50, Subtask B “Daylighting and Electric Lighting solutions” wurden daher neue und vorhandene technische Sanierungslösungen für Gebäude in den Bereichen Fassade, Tageslichttechnik, künstliche Beleuchtung sowie Lichtsteuerung bewertet, um die Anwendung hochwertiger Lösungen voranzutreiben. Die Informationen sind dabei für alle in den Sanierungsprozess einbezogenen Personen von großem Interesse, wie z. B. Gebäudeeigentümer, Behörden, Planer und Berater aber auch für Hersteller und Entwickler von Beleuchtungs- und Fassadenlösungen. Betrachtet werden sowohl künstliche als auch Beleuchtungslösungen mit Tageslicht, wobei eine Methode entwickelt wurde, die Sanierungslösungen grundlegend miteinander zu vergleichen. Hierbei werden zahlreiche Kriterien berücksichtigt, die energetische, lichttechnische, thermische und kostenbezogene Aspekte beinhalten. Einfache Sanierungsmaßnahmen wie der Austausch von Lampen oder die Montage innenliegender Jalousien werden weitgehend akzeptiert und oft verwendet, da sie kostengünstig sind und sich schnell amortisieren. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die Anwendung neuer und dem Stand der Technik entsprechender Beleuchtungslösungen für die Sanierung zu fördern. Diese verursachen zwar eventuell höhere Kosten, ermöglichen jedoch eine weitere Energieeinsparung bei gleichzeitiger Verbesserung der Beleuchtungsqualität.
Download or read book Light Right a practising engineer s manual on energy efficient lighting written by T Senthil Kumar and G Harikumar M K Halpeth and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lighting Not Only Affects Efficiency And Ambience At The Workplace But Also Offers Immense Energy-Saving Opportunities. In The Industrial Sector, Lighting Constitutes 2%-5% Of Total Energy Consumption But In Commercial Buildings, Hotels, And Office Complexes, It Can Go Up To 30%. This Handbook Discusses Effective Lighting Concepts And Practices For Maximizing Energy Conservation And Provides Insights Into New Technologies And Successful Case Studies. It Holds Value For Facility/Office Managers, Building Owners, Consultants, Designers/Engineers, And Energy Specialists In Municipal Bodies.
Download or read book Lighting Upgrades written by Damon Wood and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-04-27 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Green Lights lighting specialist Damon Wood takes you step-by-step through upgrading a lighting system, in either a retrofit or complete redesign scenario, for the purpose of increasing both energy efficiency and productivity. This guide is designed for use by anyone who needs to understand the principles of lighting and light's impact on conservation, productivity and safety. Readers will find valuable discussion of lighting quality, upgrade strategies, applications, technologies, economics, maintenance, project implementation and methods for assessing specific opportunities. This fully illustrated guide addresses these issues in lay terms and in an easy-to-understand, logical style.
Download or read book Efficient Lighting Applications and Case Studies written by Scott C. Dunning and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increased concern for energy conservation in recent years, much attention has been focused on lighting energy consumption and methods for reducing it. Along with this concern for energy efficient lighting has come the realization that lighting has profound effects on worker productivity as well as important aesthetic qualities. This book presents an introduction to lighting design and energy efficiency which can be utilized while maintaining the quality of illumination. Topics include lighting energy management, selection of lamps, task lighting, lighting design, lighting control, reflectors, ballast selection, natural daylighting, wireless lighting control, and case studies.
Download or read book Lighting Redesign for Existing Buildings written by Craig DiLouie and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Lighting Redesign for Existing Buildings, veteran journalist and educator Craig DiLouie identifies opportunities to both save energy and improve lighting performance in existing buildings. The book outlines the decision-making process behind whether to retrofit or redesign an existing lighting system, describes basic lighting design techniques and how to evaluate lighting equipment, details lighting legislation and energy codes, identifies advanced lighting strategies, and describes the role planned maintenance can play in saving energy and ensuring long-term performance. Readers will gain in-depth insight into assessing and capturing their opportunities with better lighting.
Download or read book Lighting Upgrades written by Damon Wood and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2004. Green Lights lighting specialist Damon Wood takes you step-by-step through upgrading a lighting system, in either a retrofit or complete redesign scenario, for the purpose of increasing both energy efficiency and productivity. This guide is designed for use by anyone who needs to understand the principles of lighting and light's impact on conservation, productivity and safety. Readers will find valuable discussion of lighting quality, upgrade strategies, applications, technologies, economics, maintenance, project implementation and methods for assessing specific opportunities. This fully illustrated guide addresses these issues in lay terms and in an easy-to-understand, logical style.
Download or read book Energy Efficient Lighting Design and Maintenance Manual written by New York (State). State Energy Office and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Saving Energy in Buildings with Adaptive Lighting Systems written by Samantha Havassy and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Efficiency in Lighting written by Ronald R. Swager and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Advanced Strategy for Energy Efficient Lighting Incorporating Distributed Sensing and Tailored Controls written by Amanda Christine Askin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving energy efficiency in buildings is an increasing national and international priority in response to concerns regarding environmental impacts and global climate change as well as energy security and the stability and condition of the distribution infrastructure. The building sector accounts for 41 percent of total energy use in the United States with 46 percent of this energy consumed by the commercial sector. With 78 percent of commercial building energy use coming from electricity and heavy use times coinciding with daily peak electricity demand, the commercial sector has a disproportionately high impact on the aging electricity grid system. The daily peak window also coincides with maximum daylight availability driving the development and installation of daylight compensation dimming systems. Currently available systems have been demonstrated to achieve significant energy savings, but due to their dependence on distributed control with sparse sensing and actuation points, they lack consideration of the individual needs of occupants and miss potential energy savings. This research designs a new, tiered energy allocation system for commercial building lighting that effects daylight compensation through the integration of distributed sensing, tailored lighting scenes, and individualized preferences. At the base level of the system are densely distributed sensors and lamp actuators. The sensors collect light level, light level preference, and occupancy information. The actuators set dimming levels on individual lamps to provide maximum flexibility in the lighting scene. The middle level of the system is composed of zone managers which coordinate the sensors and actuators within their zones and use the provided information to create a zone energy use utility curve. The top level of the system is the building server which allocates building-wide energy resources in accordance with the utility curves from all zones. The zone level is capable of acting quickly in response to changing local conditions while the centralized building level enables energy use and performance tracking and facilitates energy use curtailment, either in response to a demand response request or to minimize use during peak pricing, by allocating limited energy resources to parts of the building that can best put them to use. The advantages of this tiered resource allocation system center around defining the explicit relationship between energy use and the service level provided to occupants. Basing resource allocation decisions on the relative energy cost of quantified performance improvements across the building enables the system to focus on maintaining the maximum achievable performance level for the occupants while using minimal resources. This service-based approach enables the explicit designation of acceptable service level standards and the inclusion of relative importance weighting for individuals and areas throughout the building. A prototype wireless hardware system is designed to show the implementability of the system and a building simulation tool is developed to show the system performance. The prototype hardware system is designed on a wireless platform to demonstrate the applicability of the resource allocation system to retrofit projects as well as new construction and to emphasize the adaptability of the system for use in reconfigurable spaces. The evaluation of the tiered resource allocation system shows both decreased energy use and improved occupant performance as compared to conventional dimming systems.
Download or read book Energy Efficiency and Financing Mechanisms written by Ya He and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lighting Retrofit and Relighting written by James R. Benya (Designer.) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's economy and lifestyles have been shaped by the low prices and availability of energy. In the last decade, however, the prices of oil, natural gas, and coal have increased dramatically, leaving consumers and the industrial and service sectors looking for ways to reduce energy use. To achieve greater energy efficiency, we need technology, more informed consumers and producers, and investments in more energy-efficient industrial processes, businesses, residences, and transportation. As part of the America's Energy Future project, Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States examines the potential for reducing energy demand through improving efficiency by using existing technologies, technologies developed but not yet utilized widely, and prospective technologies. The book evaluates technologies based on their estimated times to initial commercial deployment, and provides an analysis of costs, barriers, and research needs. This quantitative characterization of technologies will guide policy makers toward planning the future of energy use in America. This book will also have much to offer to industry leaders, investors, environmentalists, and others looking for a practical diagnosis of energy efficiency possibilities.
Download or read book Sustainable Energy Investment written by Joseph Nyangon and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-03-10 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the technical, market, and policy innovations for unlocking sustainable investment in the energy sector. While finalizing this book, the COVID-19 pandemic is cutting a devastating swath through the global economy, causing the biggest fall in energy sector investment, exacerbating the global trade finance gap, worsening signs of growing income inequality, and devastating the health and livelihoods of millions. What is the parallel between the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate change crisis? The impacts of the global pandemic are expected to last for a few years, whereas those associated with the climate crisis will play out over several decades with potentially irreversible consequences. However, both show that the cost of inaction or delay in addressing the risks can lead to devastating outcomes or a greater probability of irreversible, catastrophic damages. In the context of sustainable energy investment and the transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy, what ways can financial markets and institutions support net-zero-emission activities and the shift to a sustainable economy, including investment in energy efficiency, low-carbon and renewable energy technologies? This book provides students, policymakers, and energy investment professionals with the knowledge and theoretical tools necessary to address related questions in sustainable energy investment, risk management, and energy innovation agendas.
Download or read book Lighting Waste Disposal written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
