Download or read book EFFECTS OF SELECTIVE LOGGING ON CARBON DYNAMICS written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Tropical forests play an important role in the global carbon cycle, but are threatened by human activities, particularly selective logging, which is projected to increase in extent and intensity due to the demands of a rapidly growing human population. Yet, the impacts of selective harvest on carbon dynamics of residual forests is poorly understood. This dissertation examines the effects of selective harvest involving twice the standard logging intensity in Ghana (6.5 vs. 2 to 3 trees ha−1) on aboveground biomass (AGB) and soil respiration in pre- and post-logging forest stands of a moist semi-deciduous forest in Ghana. Using standardized protocols, data were collected in one-hectare plots to observe variation in AGB and soil respiration before and after selective harvest. Prior to logging, AGB was 318.6 Mg ha−1. However, one year after the removal of 121.6 m3 ha−1 of timber trees, AGB declined by 16.9%. Variation in AGB both before and after logging was better explained by species dominance and functional diversity than by species richness. In particular, the dominance of certain species influenced carbon storage before and after logging, due, in part, to environmental filtering of species based on plant functional types and/or life form. While C storage in trees was associated with LAI before logging, LAI was most important for liana C storage after logging. There were significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in seasonal variation of soil respiration before and after logging, and between a 10- and 20-year post-logging stands with soil respiration higher in the wet season. Similarly, there were significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in seasonal variation among components of soil respiration in the 10- and 20-year post-logging stands. Autotrophic soil respiration was 33% higher in the 20-year post-logging stand while heterotrophic soil respiration remained similar between the two stands. In general, soil moisture was the most important factor influencing soil respiration across the post-logging stands and for components of soil respiration, particularly root and mycorrhizal respiration. This information about patterns and underlying controls on soil respiration from different soil components should aid attempts to accurately model soil respiration over space and time.
Download or read book Carbon Dynamics in Central African Forests Managed for Timber written by Vincent De Paul Medjibe and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logging intensities were light and differed among the three sites, but no short-term effects of logging were detected on tree species richness. At the TFF-RIL site, the initial biomass declined by 4.1% with committed emissions of 17 Mg ha-1. At the FSC site, the biomass declined by 2.9% with committed emissions of 11.2 Mg ha-1. At the CL site, biomass declined by 6.3% with committed emissions of 24.6 Mg ha-1. Based on a matrix model and with the observed logging intensity at the TFF-RIL site, stand volume is predicted to recover about 21 years after logging. Post-harvest tree abundance and biomass increment were sensitive to tree mortality. A meta-analysis of logging costs revealed substantial variation but RIL was more costly to implement than CL when these costs were calculated either per timber volume harvested or per hectare logged. In conclusion, selective logging causes carbon emissions that can be reduced through use of improved forest management.
Download or read book Ecosystems and Human Well Being written by Neville Ash and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) is the most extensive study ever of the linkages between the world's ecosystems and human well-being. It is one of the most important conservation initiatives ever undertaken, and the ecosystem services paradigm on which it is based provides the standard for practice. This manual supplies the specific tools that practitioners of the paradigm need in order to extend their work into the future. The manual is a stand-alone "how to" guide to conducting assessments of the impacts on humans of ecosystem changes. It builds on the experiences and lessons learned from the MA global and sub-global assessment initiatives, with chapters written by well-known participants in those initiatives. It also includes insights gained from service-focused assessment activities since the completion of the MA in 2005.
Download or read book Impact of Selective Logging on the Carbon Stocks of Tropical Forests written by and published by . This book was released on 2005* with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Logging on Carbon Dynamics of a Jack Pine Forest in Saskatchewan Canada written by Erica A. Howard and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Salvage Logging and Its Ecological Consequences written by David B. Lindenmayer and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2012-07-16 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salvage logging—removing trees from a forested area in the wake of a catastrophic event such as a wildfire or hurricane—is highly controversial. Policymakers and those with an economic interest in harvesting trees typically argue that damaged areas should be logged so as to avoid “wasting” resources, while many forest ecologists contend that removing trees following a disturbance is harmful to a variety of forest species and can interfere with the natural process of ecosystem recovery. Salvage Logging and Its Ecological Consequences brings together three leading experts on forest ecology to explore a wide range of issues surrounding the practice of salvage logging. They gather and synthesize the latest research and information about its economic and ecological costs and benefits, and consider the impacts of salvage logging on ecosystem processes and biodiversity. The book examines • what salvage logging is and why it is controversial • natural and human disturbance regimes in forested ecosystems • differences between salvage harvesting and traditional timber harvesting • scientifically documented ecological impacts of salvage operations • the importance of land management objectives in determining appropriate post-disturbance interventions Brief case studies from around the world highlight a variety of projects, including operations that have followed wildfires, storms, volcanic eruptions, and insect infestations. In the final chapter, the authors discuss policy management implications and offer prescriptions for mitigating the impacts of future salvage harvesting efforts. Salvage Logging and Its Ecological Consequences is a “must-read” volume for policymakers, students, academics, practitioners, and professionals involved in all aspects of forest management, natural resource planning, and forest conservation.
Download or read book FAO Model Code of Forest Harvesting Practice written by Dennis P. Dykstra and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Timber Production and Biodiversity Conservation in Tropical Rain Forests written by Andrew Grieser Johns and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-07-10 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How timber production and tropical biodiversity conservation can be balanced.
Download or read book The Environmental Impact of Selective Logging in Southern Cameroon Soil Disturbance Nutrient Budget and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes written by Rodine Tchiofo Lontsi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical forests play an important role in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration in the vegetation and soils, which can be released to the atmosphere through deforestation and forest degradation. One of the key drivers of tropical forest degradation is selective logging, which is the most common timber harvesting practice in the tropics. Selective logging in Cameroon involves harvesting only trees of commercially important species that have reached the minimum harvestable diameter at breast height, as defined by the forest administration. In general, less than one tree is h...
Download or read book Moving Ahead with REDD Issues Options and Implications written by Arild Angelsen and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Our Changing Planet written by Climate Change Science Program (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems written by Klaus Lorenz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems is a comprehensive book describing the basic processes of carbon dynamics in forest ecosystems, their contribution to carbon sequestration and implications for mitigating abrupt climate change. This book provides the information on processes, factors and causes influencing carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems. Drawing upon most up-to-date references, this book summarizes the current understanding of carbon sequestration processes in forest ecosystems while identifying knowledge gaps for future research, Thus, this book is a valuable knowledge source for students, scientists, forest managers and policy makers.
Download or read book Carbon Conflicts and Forest Landscapes in Africa written by Melissa Leach and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amidst the pressing challenges of global climate change, the last decade has seen a wave of forest carbon projects across the world, designed to conserve and enhance forest carbon stocks in order to reduce carbon emissions from deforestation and offset emissions elsewhere. Exploring a set of new empirical case studies, Carbon Conflicts and Forest Landscapes in Africa examines how these projects are unfolding, their effects, and who is gaining and losing. Situating forest carbon approaches as part of more general moves to address environmental problems by attaching market values to nature and ecosystems, it examines how new projects interact with forest landscapes and their longer histories of intervention. The book asks: what difference does carbon make? What political and ecological dynamics are unleashed by these new commodified, marketized approaches, and how are local forest users experiencing and responding to them? The book’s case studies cover a wide range of African ecologies, project types and national political-economic contexts. By examining these cases in a comparative framework and within an understanding of the national, regional and global institutional arrangements shaping forest carbon commoditisation, the book provides a rich and compelling account of how and why carbon conflicts are emerging, and how they might be avoided in future. This book will be of interest to students of development studies, environmental sciences, geography, economics, development studies and anthropology, as well as practitioners and policy makers.
Download or read book Second Growth written by Robin L. Chazdon and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, conservation and research initiatives in tropical forests have focused almost exclusively on old-growth forests because scientists believed that these “pristine” ecosystems housed superior levels of biodiversity. With Second Growth, Robin L. Chazdon reveals those assumptions to be largely false, bringing to the fore the previously overlooked counterpart to old-growth forest: second growth. Even as human activities result in extensive fragmentation and deforestation, tropical forests demonstrate a great capacity for natural and human-aided regeneration. Although these damaged landscapes can take centuries to regain the characteristics of old growth, Chazdon shows here that regenerating—or second-growth—forests are vital, dynamic reservoirs of biodiversity and environmental services. What is more, they always have been. With chapters on the roles these forests play in carbon and nutrient cycling, sustaining biodiversity, providing timber and non-timber products, and integrated agriculture, Second Growth not only offers a thorough and wide-ranging overview of successional and restoration pathways, but also underscores the need to conserve, and further study, regenerating tropical forests in an attempt to inspire a new age of local and global stewardship.
Download or read book Nutrient Cycling and Plant Nutrition in Forest Ecosystems written by Scott X. Chang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Urban and Periurban Forest Diversity and Ecosystem Services" that was published in Forests
Download or read book Analysis of Ecological Communities written by Bruce McCune and published by Mjm Software Design. This book was released on 2002 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis of Ecological Communities offers a rationale and guidance for selecting appropriate, effective, analytical methods in community ecology. The book is suitable as a textbook and reference book on methods for multivariate analysis of ecological communities and their environments. The book covers distance measures, data transformation, outlier analysis, coordination, cluster analysis, PCA RA, CA, DCA, NMS, NMS, CCA, Bray-Curtis, MRPP, Mantel test, discriminant analysis, twinspan, classification and regression trees, structural equation modeling, and more. It also includes brief treatments of community sampling and diversity measures. The 304 page book is richly illustrated. It provides many examples from the literature and demonstrations of basic principles with simulated and real data sets.
Download or read book Continuous Cover Forestry written by Timo Pukkala and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the majority of the world’s forest ecosystems are dominated by uneven-sized multi-species stands, forest management practice and theory has focused on the development of plantation monocultures to maximize the supply of timber at low cost. Societal expectations are changing, however, and uneven-aged multi-species ecosystems, selectively managed as Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF), are often believed to be superior to monocultures in addressing a wide range of expectations. This book presents methods which are relevant to CCF management and planning: analysing forest structures, silvicultural and planning, economic evaluation, based on examples in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America.
