Download or read book Effect of Wind Upon the Mixed layer Depth written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Wind Upon the Mixed layer Depth written by Jack E. Geary and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The general problem of the mixed-layer depth of the ocean's surface layers is discussed. Wind mixing and its contribution to mixed-layer depth at ocean station Papa during the year 1958 is evaluated. A model of mixing by wind-generated wave motion is tested along with two other models, and the results are discussed. (Author).
Download or read book The Effect of Convection Upon the Mixed layer Depth written by Arthur C. Luskin and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of the Oceanic Wind Mixed Layer Depth by an Extension of Newton s Method written by Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans. Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, B.C. and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Optics written by N.G. Jerlov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1976-01-01 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Optics
Download or read book Discrete Precipitation Effects on Seasonal Mixed Layer Dynamics in the North Pacific Ocean written by Mendal S. Livezey and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was conducted to examine the effects of discrete precipitation events on the short-term and seasonal evolution of ocean mixed layer temperature and salinity structure. Two numerical modeling experiments were performed. The first was to simulate the response of the mixed layer to hypothetical discrete (isolated) precipitation events. This experiment showed that the effect of a single discrete rain event can vary with season, with the mixed layer depth (MLD) at onset of the rain event, and with the strength of wind stress forcing. A single rain event can have lasting effects on mixed layer depth and temperature for up to 55 days after the event, depending upon the season. The second experiment simulated quasi-realistic complex precipitation forcing, with a realistic distribution of synoptic events over a 13-month period. For this experiment, four different precipitation intensities were tested. The values of temperature, salinity, and MLD predicted by the model were compared with observed Conductivity Temperature Depth measurements and with the values predicted using constant precipitation forcing. Keywords: Military theses, Oceanography, Air-sea interaction, Mixed layer modeling. (kt).
Download or read book Energy Exchange Between Deep Lakes and the Atmosphere and the Consequences for the Wind mixed Layer Dynamics written by G. J. G. Kok and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mixing Heights Wind Speeds and Potential for Urban Air Pollution Throughout the Contiguous United States written by George C. Holzworth and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mixing-layer height and the average wind speed within the mixing layer were calculated twice for each day of a 5-year record of upper air observations at 62 National Weather Service stations int he contiguous United States. The times of day of these calculations are morning and mid-afternoon. A rough allowance was made for effects of the urban "heat island" on the morning mixing heights. The morning and afternoon times coincide approximately with those of maximum and secondary minimum concentrations of slow-reacting pollutants in cities. These calculations illustrate the typical large diurnal variation in atmospheric dispersion. Twenty charts present seasonal and annual, and morning and afternoon mean mixing heights and wind speeds. A model of some general dispersion features over urban areas is described in which the normalized pollutant concentration averaged over a city is a function of mixing height, wind speed, and city size (distance the wind travels across the city). Frequency values of mixing height by wind speed are used with the model to calculate average normalized concentration frequencies for each weather station. Thirty charts present isopleth analyses of seasonal and annual, and morning and afternoon normalized pollutant concentrations that were exceeded 10, 25, and 50 percent of the time for specified city sizes. The occurrence of episodes during which upper limits on mixing height and wind speed were not exceeded were determined from the daily morning and afternoon values of these parameters. Isopleths of the total number of episode-days for episodes lasting at least 2 days and at least 5 days with various limiting mixing-height and wind-speed values are presented in 20 charts.
Download or read book An Investigation of Various Parameters Which May Effect the Mixed Layer Depth in the Ocean written by Larry Roscoe Elliott and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A theoretical model is developed for making computerized forecasts of mixed layer depth. An empirical equation relating significant wave height to layer depth is used to account for mechanical mixing. Heat exchange parameters are introduced into the model to produce convective mixing. The u and v components of surface current are used to investigate the effect of convergence and divergence. The layer depths forecast by the model are compared to actual layer depths and to the Fleet Numerical Weather Central layer depth analysis. (Author).
Download or read book Deep Mixed Layer Entrainment written by Rebecca E. Stone and published by . This book was released on 1997-03-01 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bulk turbulence-closure mixed layer model is generalized to allow prediction of very deep polar sea mixing. The model includes unsteady three- component turbulent kinetic energy budgets. In addition to terms for shear production, pressure redistribution, and dissipation, special attention is devoted to realistic treatment of thermobaric enhancement of buoyancy flux and to Coriolis effect on turbulence. The model is initialized and verified with CTD data taken by R/V Valdivia in the Greenland Sea during winter 1993-1994. Model simulations show (1) mixed layer deepening is significantly enhanced when the thermal expansion coefficient's increase with pressure is included; (2) entrainment rate is sensitive to the direction of wind stress because of Coriolis; and (3) the predicted mixed layer depth evolution agrees qualitatively with the observations. Results demonstrate the importance of water column initial conditions, accurate representation of strong surface cooling events, and inclusion of the thermobaric effect on buoyancy, to determine the depth of mixing and ultimately the heat and salt flux into the deep ocean. Since coupling of the ocean to the atmosphere through deep mixed layers in polar regions is fundamental to our climate system, it is important that regional and global models be developed that incorporate realistic representation of this coupling.
Download or read book Application of Similarity Theory to Forecasting the Mixed layer Depth of the Ocean written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of the Influences on the Mixed layer Depth During the Cooling Season written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Impact of the Current Feedback and Model Resolution on the Atmosphere and Ocean Mixed Layer Over the Gulf Stream written by Jackie Crystal May and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The atmosphere and the ocean interact through air-sea heat and momentum fluxes. Thesefluxes are critical in ocean, atmosphere, and coupled modeling across a broad range of spatial and temporal scales, from large-scale global modeling to very high-resolution regional studies and from climate studies to operational forecasting. It is important to minimize the air-sea flux errors in order to obtain accurate and realistic model results. This study investigates two sources of air-sea flux errors within the Gulf Stream region during winter months: the horizontal model resolution of the atmosphere and the ocean, and the dynamical coupling and current feedback between the ocean surface currents and the wind stress. Four different atmospheric and ocean coupled model simulations are completed with various combinations of 2 km (submesoscale resolving) and 6 km (submesoscale permitting) grid spacing. Four additional model simulations are completed using the same model resolutions defined in the first four experiments, but the coupling and feedback between the surface currents and the wind stress is included. The dynamical coupling and the current feedback lead to large changes in the surfacestress and stress curl patterns. This leads to a reduction in the ocean's mean and eddy kinetic energy, which largely controls the Gulf Stream path. The dynamical coupling is also found to control the physical gradient related to the atmospheric horizontal momentum advection. The stress gradient largely explains the variability in the horizontal advection when the dynamical coupling is not included, while the current gradient across current direction largely explains the variability in the horizontal advection when the dynamical coupling is included. Additionally, the dynamical coupling and current feedback is found to be important in regulating the mixed layer depth and SST throughout the warm water to the right of the Gulf Stream path due to the horizontal heat advection in the mixed layer. A high-resolution ocean model is found to also be important in influencing the Gulf Stream path, as well as constraining the submesoscale vertical heat fluxes to the ocean's mixed layer. The atmospheric model resolution is found to impact the magnitude of the stress, wind work, sea surface height, and surface currents, in addition to the strength of the horizontal and vertical winds throughout the atmospheric column. The dynamical coupling and current feedback, as well as having a high-resolution atmosphere and ocean, is further found to be important in the vertical extent of the state parameter fields, as well as in the atmospheric circulation patterns.
Download or read book Characterization of Wind and Depth Effects Upon Liquid Phase Mass Transfer Coefficients written by Phillip Douglas Lunney and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Utilization of the SEASAT Scatterometer Winds for Ocean Mixed Layer Modeling written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Practical Meteorology written by Roland Stull and published by Sundog Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2018 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quantitative introduction to atmospheric science for students and professionals who want to understand and apply basic meteorological concepts but who are not ready for calculus.
Download or read book The Effect of Wind Upon the Surface Drift in the North eastern Atlantic and the North Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
