Download or read book Effect of PH and Oxygen on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel in Reactor Moderator Service written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intergranular cracking of Type 304 stainless steel outlet nozzles in reactor moderator service prompted a broad program of laboratory studies to determine the cause of the failures. It was demonstrated that sensitized and pickled Type 304 stainless steel is extremely susceptible to both intergranular and transgranular chloride stress corrosion cracking in hot water of pH 4.5 to 5.0 which contains as little as 2 ppM chloride ion. Although the chloride content of moderator is only about 0.01--0.03 ppM, it was concluded that chloride concentrations sufficient to cause cracking occurred on the nozzle surfaces, either very gradually or as a result of a system change. This conclusion was substantiated later when chlorides were shown to be concentrated in a film of aluminum oxide (from fuel cladding corrosion) deposited on the moderator side of a failed nozzle. Circumstantial evidence suggested that initiation of moderator pH (pD) control with nitric acid and oxygen caused or contributed to cracking of the nozzles. Therefore, in recent laboratory work the effects of pH and oxygen concentration on cracking of sensitized and pickled Type 304 stainless steel were investigated. The effects of nitrate and sulfate ion concentrations were also investigated. Results of these laboratory investigations are summarized in this report. Changes in the moderator system caused by pD control and the possible effects on cracking are also discussed. 7 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-06 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Mechanism for Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel in Reactor Systems written by Robert S. Ondrejcin and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stress Corrosion Tests on Selected Reactor Structural Steels written by M. C. Rowland and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stress corrosion Cracking of 17 4 PH Stainless Steel written by Raymond P. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stress corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel written by Myra S. Feldman and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Sulfuric Acid Oxygen and Hydrogen in High temperature Water on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Sensitized Type 304 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influence of dissolved oxygen and hydrogen and dilute sulfuric acid in 289°C water on the stress-corrosion-cracking susceptibility of lightly and moderately sensitized Type 304 stainless steel was determined in constant-extension-rate tensile (CERT) tests. The CERT parameters and the fracture surface morphologies were correlated with the concentrations of dissolved oxygen and sulfate, and the electrochemical potentials of platinum and Type 304 stainless steel electrodes in simulated boiling-water reactor (BWR) environments. A particularly high susceptibility to intergranular cracking was found for the steel in the lightly sensitized condition at oxygen concentrations between approx. 0.05 and 0.2 ppM under slightly acidic conditions (pH approx. 6.0 at 25°C), which may, in part, account for the pervasive nature of intergranular cracking in BWR piping systems. Scanning-transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed significant differences between samples in the lightly and the moderately sensitized condition with respect to the width, but not the depth, of the chromium-depleted region at the grain boundaries. The addition of 0.5 ppM hydrogen to the water had only a small mitigating effect on intergranular cracking in water containing oxygen and sulfuric acid at low concentrations; however, oxygen suppression to less than or equal to 0.05 ppM in the reactor-coolant water, by means of hydrogen additions to the feedwater, would be quite beneficial provided impurities are also maintained at very low levels.

Download or read book Stress Corrosion of Type 304 Stainless Steel in Simulated Superheat Reactor Environments written by G. G. Gaul and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stress corrosion Cracking of High strength Stainless Steels in Atmospheric Environments written by C. J. Slunder and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Power Reactor Technology and Reactor Fuel Processing written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nuclear Safety written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1970-07 with total page 874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of PH on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel written by Nurul Fadhilah Tajuddin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment Methodologies for Preventing Failure Service experience and environmental considerations written by Raj Mohan and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors written by Gabriell Ilevbare and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-17 with total page 2354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 15th Edition of the International Conference on Materials Degradation in Light Water Reactors focuses on subject areas critical to the safe and efficient running of nuclear reactor systems through the exchange and discussion of reseach results as well as field operating and management experience.

Download or read book Environmental Factors Influencing Stress Corrosion Cracking in Boiling Water Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanisms of intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) of sensitized stainless steels in boiling water reactor (BWR) primary coolant are reviewed, with emphasis on the role the environment plays on both the initiation and propagation processes. Environmental factors discussed include oxygen (corrosion potential), temperature, and dissolved ions in the water and the range of strain rates at which IGSCC occurs. Both crack propagation rates and the range of strain rates at which IGSCC occurs decrease rapidly as temperature is increased above approximately 200°C, in essentially the same manner as the solubility of magnetite decreases in acidic solutions. A mechanism of crack propagation is presented base on this observation. To establish water chemistry guidelines for crack-free operation of BWR's containing sensitized stainless steel, more information is needed on the role of absorption of impurities in the surface and deposited oxides and on the interaction between the oxygen and impurity levels required to maintain an electrochemical potential in a range where IGSCC is unlikely to occur. The relative effects of short bursts of impurities and longer term lower concentrations of these same impurities also need to be evaluated.

Download or read book Proceedings Reactor materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: