Download or read book Economic Implications of Ecological and Economic Spatial Aggregations in Integrated Assessments of Invasive Species written by Stephanie A. Brockmann and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considered in this dissertation are three essays that examine the consequences of including spatial and ecological details in estimates of welfare following an invasive species invasion. Each essay uncovers the biases that may arise if such components are misrepresented or underutilized, informing policymakers and researchers to proceed with caution in using potentially biased welfare estimates for cost-benefit analysis decisions. In the essays, computable general equilibrium models are applied to a case study on Asian carp in Lake Michigan - an aquatic invasive species expected to impact fish species and Lake areas in heterogenous ways. Construction of the spatial computable general equilibrium models and the implications for model specifications are explored in the first two essays. The third essay examines biological control options and the potential for unintended policy consequences. Chapter 1 develops the computable general equilibrium model that forms the basis for analyzing space and species-specific impacts from the invasion. The model is designed to link spatial biomass data from the Atlantis ecosystem model of Lake Michigan with recreational fishing behavior and the broader economy. Invasion impacts on biomass levels of sport-fishing species across time and space are heterogenous and influence decisions regarding when, where, and what species to fish. After generating the welfare implications from the explicit space and species model, the results are compared to other versions of the model that aggregate out space or species information. Results indicate that aggregating over one or both may under- or over-estimate welfare impacts by failing to account for important tradeoffs between ecological and economic systems. The magnitude and direction of the misestimate depends also on the ecological setting in which the model is applied. As an extension, Chapter 2 modifies the model from the first chapter to include spatially explicit distance costs. The explicit distance costs are derived from geographic information systems data and tools. Results of a comparative analysis across model specifications are driven by the ecological setting, the correlation between the distance costs and the ecology, and the levels of travel price endogeneity. The analysis suggests that the precision of welfare estimates can improve through inclusion of spatially explicit details in both the economic and environmental systems. As an extension, Chapter 2 modifies the model from the first chapter to include spatially explicit distance costs. The explicit distance costs are derived from geographic information systems data and tools. Results of a comparative analysis across model specifications are driven by the ecological setting, the correlation between the distance costs and the ecology, and the levels of travel price endogeneity. The analysis suggests that the precision of welfare estimates can improve through inclusion of spatially explicit details in both the economic and environmental systems. Biological policy data is estimated from the Atlantis ecosystem model using a simulated approach. Comparing the policy results of the two ecological settings illustrates the potential for unintended policy consequences and the importance of including ecosystem characteristics in policy assessment.

Download or read book Bioeconomics of Invasive Species written by Reuben P. Keller and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-22 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological invasions are one of the strongest drivers of global environmental change, and invasive species are now often in the public discourse. At the same time, economists have begun to take a real interest in determining how invasive species interact with economic systems, and how invaders should be controlled to optimize societal wealth. Although the work from ecologists and economists have both greatly expanded our understanding of the drivers and impacts of invasions, little integration between the fields has occurred that would allow managers and policy-makers to identify the optical expenditures on, for example, prevention and control of invasive species. Because the level of effort expended on invasive species management is intricately linked to the costs and projected benefits of that management, there is an urgent need for greater synthesis between ecology and economics. This book brings ecology and economics together in new ways to address how we deal with the dynamics and impacts of invasive species, and is the outcome fo many years of collaborative research between a small group of economists and ecologists. The outcome is clear demonstration of the utility of combining ecological and economic models for addressing critical questions in the management of invasive species.

Download or read book Bioinvasions and Globalization written by Charles Perrings and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-12-24 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioinvasions and Globalization synthesises our current knowledge of the ecology and economics of biological invasions, providing an in-depth evaluation of the science and its implications for managing the causes and consequences of one of the most pressing environmental issues facing humanity today. Emergent zoonotic diseases such as HIV and SARS have already imposed major costs in terms of human health, whilst plant and animal pathogens have had similar effects on agriculture, forestry, fisheries. The introduction of pests, predators and competitors into many ecosystems has disrupted the benefits they provide to people, in many cases leading to the extirpation or even extinction of native species. This timely book analyzes the main drivers of bioinvasions - the growth of world trade, global transport and travel, habitat conversion and land use intensification, and climate change - and their consequences for ecosystem functioning. It shows how bioinvasions impose disproportionately high costs on countries where a large proportion of people depend heavily on the exploitation of natural resources. It considers the options for improving assessment and management of invasive species risks, and especially for achieving the international cooperation needed to address bioinvasions as a negative externality of international trade.

Download or read book Program of Research on the Economics of Invasive Species Management written by Sandra Blas-Rivera and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, the U.S. Dept. of Ag. initiated the Program of Research on the Econ. of Invasive Species Mgmt. (PREISM) to examine the economics of managing invasive pests in increasingly global ag. markets. Invasive species are defined to include any vertebrate, invertebrate, weed, fungus, plant disease, livestock disease, or other organism that meets the following criteria: Is non-native, alien, or exotic to the ecosystem where it exists or potentially could be introduced -- incl. ag., range, and forest ecosystems; and when introduced, causes, or is likely to cause, economic or environ. harm. PREISM¿s will build a high-quality, multidisciplinary research program to provide analytically based principles, guidelines, and criteria for invasive species policy. Ill.

Download or read book Program of Research on the Economics of Invasive Species Management Fiscal 2003 2011 Activities written by Craig Osteen and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the Program of Research on the Economics of Invasive Species Management (PREISM), the U.S. Department of Agriculture¿s (USDA) Economic Research Service (ERS) conducts intramural research and funds extramural research to support the economic basis of decision-making concerning invasive species issues, policies, and programs. This report details the objectives and activities of PREISM including important accomplishments for fiscal years 2003-2011. Included are descriptions of the extramural research program and all funded projects, and a list of project outputs. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find publication.

Download or read book Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States written by Therese M. Poland and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.

Download or read book Biological Invasions written by Ph.D., David Pimentel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-06-13 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioinvasion is fast becoming one of the world's most costly ecological problems, as it disrupts agriculture, drastically alters ecosystems, spreads disease, and interferes with shipping. The economic and environmental damages from alien plant, animals, and microbes in the United States, British Isles, Australia, South Africa, India, and Brazil acco

Download or read book Optimal Spatial dynamic Resource Allocation Facing Uncertainty written by Kim M. Hall and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spatial and temporal behavior of invasive species spread implies that optimal management strategies involve decisions over space and time. Dispersal and propagule pressure are two primary drivers of the spatial-temporal ecological process of species invasion. In the case of riparian communities, stream flow drives the dispersal of vegetation propagules. After arriving at a location, establishment depends in part on propagule pressure. This research incorporates an invasive species spreading through a river network over time --with stochasticity in dispersal, death, and establishment success-- into a dynamic economic decision framework to determine the optimal spatial and temporal pattern of invasive species management efforts. The optimization model employs a Markov Decision Process (MDP) solved using numerical methods. The decision framework developed in this research improves on current economic models by modeling ecological processes of invasion in an explicitly spatial setting with stochasticity to better inform the allocation of management resources. The model is parameterized to simulate the spread and management of the riparian invasive shrub, Tamarix sp., and optimal policies are applied to Monte Carlo simulations over twenty years. Several other rule of thumb policies are applied in the same way for comparison purposes. Results demonstrate that generating management plans through integrating ecology and economic tradeoffs produces management patterns that emphasize a whole-network approach rather than reach by reach; use different management tools in different locations and at different times than economic or ecological models alone; and generates substantial cost savings over other policies. The model demonstrated marked economic efficiency gains in avoided costs by optimal management that reflects the spatial and temporal processes of species invasion. In particular, results showed that simplifications of the ecology that ignores low probability dispersal events lead to costly misspecification of management tool, location and timing. Overall, the integration of key ecological characteristics into a stochastic, spatio-dynamic economic optimization considering the state of the entire river network avoids large errors in the management tool, its location, and its timing that simpler frameworks prescribe.

Download or read book The economics of biological invasions written by Charles Perrings, Silvana Dalmazzone, Mark Herbert Williamson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2000-08-25 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'An interesting book catering perhaps for a more specific audience. It does however provide a somewhat new view of the problems of the field of biological invasions and is worth the effort.' - Ann Sundqvist, M2 Best Books 'Once again, Charles Perrings and colleagues have broken new ground by applying economic and ecological analysis to the very real problem of biological invasions. This is path-breaking work in what promises to be a new sub-discipline within environmental economics.' - David Pearce, University College London, UK Biological invasions - the introduction of living organisms beyond their original range - are one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss. They are a major threat to human health and a source of pests and pathogens in the world's farms, forests and fisheries. The growth of international trade and travel means that more species are being introduced to more places than ever before. This book represents the first concerted effort to understand the economic causes and consequences of biological invasions. The volume discusses the theoretical and methodological issues raised by invasion, including control strategies, modelling options, and a study of the economic, institutional and policy conditions that predispose countries to biological invasions. Also included are case studies of fisheries, agricultural systems, tropical forests and protected areas affected by invasive species in locations such as the Black Sea, Australia and Africa, and an evaluation of control programmes.

Download or read book Environmental Governance of Invasive Species written by Donato Gualtieri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The consequences of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species in non-native ecosystems is an area of growing interest for international policymakers and regulators. Globalisation has increased the rate and magnitude of biological invasions, resulting in huge environmental, economic and social costs. Until recently, the effectiveness of international efforts to provide a coordinated response to the threat of alien invasions have been limited. This book considers the existing Multilateral Environmental Agreements and looks at the potential role of regional environmental governance, particularly in consideration of the adoption of the European Parliament and Council regulation 1143/2014 on the management and control of invasive species, to provide an effective response to this global threat.

Download or read book Ecological and Economic Impacts of an Invasive Plant Species written by Laura Jane Martin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biological Invasions written by David Pimentel PhD and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-05-23 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of invasive species is second only to that of human population growth and associated activities as a cause of the loss of biodiversity throughout the world. In the United States, invasions of nonnative plants, animals, or microbes cause major environmental damage. The second edition of Biological Invasions: Economic and Environmental Cos

Download or read book Invasive and Introduced Plants and Animals written by Ian D. Rotherham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been many well-publicized cases of invasive species of plants and animals, often introduced unintentionally but sometimes on purpose, causing widespread ecological havoc. Examples of such alien invasions include pernicious weeds such as Japanese knotweed, an introduced garden ornamental which can grow through concrete, the water hyacinth which has choked tropical waterways, and many introduced animals which have out-competed and displaced local fauna. This book addresses the broader context of invasive and exotic species, in terms of the perceived threats and environmental concerns which surround alien species and ecological invasions. As a result of unprecedented scales of environmental change, combined with rapid globalisation, the mixing of cultures and diversity, and fears over biosecurity and bioterrorism, the known impacts of particular invasions have been catastrophic. However, as several chapters show, reactions to some exotic species, and the justifications for interventions in certain situations, including biological control by introduced natural enemies, rest uncomfortably with social reactions to ethnic cleansing and persecution perpetrated across the globe. The role of democracy in deciding and determining environmental policy is another emerging issue. In an increasingly multicultural society this raises huge questions of ethics and choice. At the same time, in order to redress major ecological losses, the science of reintroduction of native species has also come to the fore, and is widely accepted by many in nature conservation. However, with questions of where and when, and with what species or even species analogues, reintroductions are acceptable, the topic is hotly debated. Again, it is shown that many decisions are based on values and perceptions rather than objective science. Including a wide range of case studies from around the world, his book raises critical issues to stimulate a much wider debate.

Download or read book Invasive Species written by Andrew P. Robinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-08 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With climate change and increasing globalisation of trade and travel, the risks presented by invasive pests and pathogens to natural environments, agriculture and economies have never been greater, and are only increasing with time. Governments world-wide are responding to these increased threats by strengthening quarantine and biosecurity. This book presents a comprehensive review of risk-based techniques that help policy makers and regulators protect national interests from invasive pests and pathogens before, at, and inside national borders. Selected from the research corpus of the Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis at the University of Melbourne, this book provides solutions that reflect scientific rigour coupled with practical, hands-on applications. Focusing on surveillance, stochastic modelling, intelligence gathering, decision making and risk communication, the contents combine the strengths of risk analysts, mathematicians, economists, biologists and statisticians. The book presents tested scientific solutions to the greatest challenges faced by quarantine and biosecurity policy makers and regulators today.

Download or read book Economics with a View written by Shana Maura McDermott and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduced deliberately or not, invasive species are a classic ecosystem externality given their unintended impacts on native ecosystems and economies. As an example, invasive species introduced through one economic activity may then degrade an ecosystem service upon which another economic activity depends. In these situations, economic policy can correct this unique ecosystem externality. This research utilizes theoretical and empirical techniques to evaluate invasive species ecosystem externalities, specifically, externalities related to the invasive emerald ash borer (EAB). EAB has destroyed millions of acres of ash trees in the Upper Midwest (USDA Forest Service, 2009). The beetles spread through ash tree dominant activity such as firewood gathering, wooden packing materials used in trade, and through infested nursery trees. As a result, ash- resource-dependent economic activity is impacted by EAB, but in many cases it is this economic activity itself that unintentionally contributes to the spread of the EAB. Chapter 1 models the invasive emerald ash borer (EAB) with the native environment in an interdependent stock relationship, where the ecological implications from economic activity are assessed. The resulting economic consequences from the ecological impacts of EAB are examined in Chapter 2 using both exogenous and endogenous price frameworks. A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is employed, which acknowledges the intertemporal nature of EAB shocks and the interconnectedness of industries given the price and income adjustments occurring after an EAB shock. A dynamic CGE model accounts for multiple impacts from a complete loss of ash stock. This chapter also demonstrates the importance of endogenous prices for estimating damages for invasive species in trade. Given the economic-ecological interdependencies, Chapter 3 examines multiple economic instruments to correct invasive species externalities and their policy implications. An economic-ecological interdependent general equilibrium (GE) model is employed to evaluate policies directed at invasive species. The results extend previous externality knowledge with the conclusion that multiple policies are needed for multiple forms of EAB transmission; one policy will not suffice. A simple empirical example illustrates the feedback loops from ecosystems to the economy, and economic activities to ecosystems, which are critical for modeling impacts to ecosystem services.

Download or read book Invasion Ecology written by Julie L. Lockwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to all aspects ofbiological invasion by non-native species. Highlighting importantresearch findings associated with each stage of invasion,Invasion Ecology provides an overview of the invasionprocess from transportation patterns and causes of establishmentsuccess to ecological impacts, invader management, andpost-invasion evolution. Increasing awareness of the problems associated with invasionhas led to a rapid growth in research into the dynamics ofnon-native species and their adverse effects on native biota andhuman economies. This book provides a synthesis of this fastgrowing field of research, and is an essential text forundergraduate and graduate students in ecology and conservationmanagement.

Download or read book New Approaches to the Economics of Plant Health written by Alfons Oude Lansink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world trade of plants and plant products is gradually increasing in both quantity and variety. Also, as more and more citizens are nowadays travelling to distant destinations, there is an increased risk of unintentionally importing harmful organisms and invasive species. Governments respond to increased phytosanitary risks by imposing trade-restricting measures. However, they are under increasing pressure of the private sector and the World Trade Organization to justify costly and trade-restricting phytosanitary policies. On the other side, current phytosanitary policies are required to account for impacts on the environment. This book presents a number of recent scientific developments regarding the economic analysis of impacts that harmful organisms have on agriculture and the environment, and of measures to control these organisms. It also contains a number of new approaches that integrate economic and epidemiological modelling and economic approaches for measuring these impacts.