Download or read book Direct Low Temperature Oxidation of Methane to Methanol Via Copper Zeolite Materials written by Barbra Eva Schaller and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalytic Low Temperature Oxidation of Methane Into Methanol Over Copper exchanged Zeolites written by Karthik Narsimhan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As production of shale gas has increased greatly in the United States, the amount of stranded shale gas that is flared as carbon dioxide has become significant enough to be considered an environmental hazard and a wasted resource. The conversion of methane, the primary component of natural gas, into methanol, an easily stored liquid, is of practical interest. However, shale wells are generally inaccessible to reforming facilities, and construction of on-site, conventional methanol synthesis plants is cost prohibitive. Capital costs could be reduced by the direct conversion of methane into methanol at low temperature. Existing strategies for the partial oxidation of methane require harsh solvents, need exotic oxidizing agents, or deactivate easily. Copper-exchanged zeolites have emerged as candidates for methanol production due to high methanol selectivity (> 99%), utilization of oxygen, and low reaction temperature (423-473 K). Despite these advantages, three significant shortcomings exist: 1) the location of surface intermediates on the zeolite is not well understood; 2) methane oxidation is stoichiometric, not catalytic; 3) there are few active sites and methanol yield is low. This work addresses all three shortcomings. First, a new reaction pathway is identified for methane oxidation in copper-exchanged mordenite zeolites using tandem methane oxidation and Koch carbonylation reactions. Methoxy species migrate away from the copper active sites and adsorb onto Bronsted acid sites, signifying spillover on the zeolite surface. Second, a process is developed as the first instance of the catalytic oxidation of methane into methanol at low temperature, in the vapor phase, and using oxygen as the oxidant. A variety of commercially available copper-exchanged zeolites are shown to exhibit stable methanol production with high methanol selectivity. Third, catalytic methanol production rates and methane conversion are further improved 100- fold through the synthetic control of copper speciation in chabazite zeolites. Isolated monocopper species, directed through the one-pot synthesis of copper-exchanged chabazite zeolites, correlates with methane oxidation activity and is likely the precursor to the catalytic site. Together, these synthetic methods provide guidelines for catalyst design and further improvements in catalytic activity.

Download or read book Plasma Catalysis written by Annemie Bogaerts and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.

Download or read book Methane Conversion written by D.M. Bibby and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1988-03-01 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume comprises the invited plenary lectures, contributed and poster papers presented at a symposium organised to mark the successful inauguration of the world's first commercial plant for production of gasoline from natural gas, based on the Mobil methanol-to-gasoline process. The objectives of the Symposium were to present both fundamental research and engineering aspects of the development and commercialization of gas-to-gasoline processes. These include steam reforming, methanol synthesis and methanol-to-gasoline. Possible alternative processes e.g. MOGD, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons, and the direct conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons were also considered.The papers in this volume provide a valuable and extremely wide-ranging overview of current research into the various options for natural gas conversion, giving a detailed description of the gas-to-gasoline process and plant. Together, they represent a unique combination of fundamental surface chemistry catalyst characterization, reaction chemistry and engineering scale-up and commercialization.

Download or read book Direct Methane to Methanol written by Vladimir Arutyunov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct Methane to Methanol: Foundations and Prospects of the Process offers a state-of-the-art account of one of the most interesting and potentially commercial technologies for direct conversion of natural gas into valuable chemicals. The book thoroughly explains the complex and unusual chemistry of the process, as well as possible applications for direct methane to methanol (DMTM). It covers topics involving thermokinetics, pressure, direct oxidation of heavier alkanes, and more, and provides detailed appendices with experimental data and product yields. This book provides all those who work in the field of gas processing and gas chemistry with the theory and experimental data to develop and apply new processes based on direct oxidation of natural gas. All those who deal with oil and natural gas production and processing will learn about this promising technology for the conversion of gas into more valuable chemicals. - Reviews more than 350 publications on high-pressure, low-temperature oxidation of methane and other gas phase hydrocarbons - Contains rare material available for the first time in English - Explains the reasons of previous failure and outlines the way forward for commercial development of the conversion technology - Presents a deep theoretical knowledge of this complex conversion process

Download or read book Concepts of Modern Catalysis and Kinetics written by I. Chorkendorff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until now, the literature has offered a rather limited approach to the use of fundamental kinetics and their application to catalytic reactions. Subsequently, this book spans the full range from fundamentals of kinetics and heterogeneous catalysis via modern experimental and theoretical results of model studies to their equivalent large-scale industrial production processes. The result is key knowledge for students at technical universities and professionals already working in industry. '... such an enterprise will be of great value to the community, to professionals as well as graduate and undergraduate students attempting to move into the field of modern catalysis and kinetics. I strongly recommend you publish this book based on the proposal.' - Prof. Dr. G. A. Samorjai, University of California 'Both authors are well respected specialists, with a very long record of original top-quality work and an international reputation. A book from these authors will be considered an authoritative piece of work, I definitely support this project and I am looking forward to use the book when published.' - Prof. Dr. D. E. Resasco, University of Oklahoma 'I wholly support the proposed project. The authors are very competent young colleagues and there is a real need for such a textbook' - Prof. Dr. G. Ertl, Fritz-Haber-Institut, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin

Download or read book Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-02-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the quest to mitigate the buildup of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere, researchers and policymakers have increasingly turned their attention to techniques for capturing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, either from the locations where they are emitted or directly from the atmosphere. Once captured, these gases can be stored or put to use. While both carbon storage and carbon utilization have costs, utilization offers the opportunity to recover some of the cost and even generate economic value. While current carbon utilization projects operate at a relatively small scale, some estimates suggest the market for waste carbon-derived products could grow to hundreds of billions of dollars within a few decades, utilizing several thousand teragrams of waste carbon gases per year. Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization: Status and Research Needs assesses research and development needs relevant to understanding and improving the commercial viability of waste carbon utilization technologies and defines a research agenda to address key challenges. The report is intended to help inform decision making surrounding the development and deployment of waste carbon utilization technologies under a variety of circumstances, whether motivated by a goal to improve processes for making carbon-based products, to generate revenue, or to achieve environmental goals.

Download or read book Theoretical Insights Into the Selective Oxidation of Methane to Methanol written by Allegra Latimer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the search for catalysts capable of directly converting methane to higher value commodity chemicals and liquid fuels has been active for over a century, a viable industrial process for selective methane activation has yet to be developed. Generally, this failure has been attributed to two primary difficulties: (1) the high barriers required to activate methane (activity), and (2) the higher activity of the C-H bonds in methanol compared to methane (selectivity). In this thesis, we delve into both of these problems and identify general frameworks and strategies that can be used in future research to identify promising catalyst materials. First, we show that, for the wide range of catalysts that proceed via a radical intermediate, a unifying framework for predicting C-H activation barriers using a single universal descriptor can be established. We combine this scaling approach with a thermodynamic analysis of active site formation to provide a map of methane activation rates, and successfully rationalize the available empirical data across catalyst classes. We then extend this analysis to catalysts that proceeed via a surface-stabilized transition state for methane activation. We present a framework for predicting the transition state's geometry (radical or surface-stabilized) and its approximate energy on a given active site. We then shift our attention to understanding and optimizing selectivity. First, we determine the principles guiding the selectivity of a related reaction, direct methanol to formaldehyde on ruthenium oxide catalysts, and find that limiting electrophilic surface oxygen coverage for this reaction is key to obtaining high selectivity. Next, recognizing that a precise and general quantification of the limitations of catalytic direct methane to methanol has not yet been established, we present a simple kinetic model to explain the selectivity-conversion tradeoff that hampers continuous partial oxidation of methane to methanol. Stemming from this analysis, we suggest several design strategies for increasing methanol yields under the constraint of the selectivity-conversion tradeoff. These strategies include (1) "collectors, " materials with strong methanol adsorption potential that can help to lower the partial pressure of methanol in the gas phase, (2) aqueous reaction conditions, and/or (3) diffusion-limited systems. Having identified these strategies, we work towards realizing a system capitalizing on (2), aqueous reaction conditions, by collaborating with experimental colleagues to develop a low-temperature electrochemical approach for methane oxidation. It is the general aim of this thesis to develop straightforward, accessible models with the help of Density Functional Theory that yield generalizable insights. We are hopeful that the models presented herein may provide a reliable framework for future researchers working to understand and evaluate new catalysts and processes for the direct oxidation of methane to methanol.

Download or read book Advances in Sustainable Energy written by Yong-jun Gao and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 871 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This books provides a comprehensive platform to the scientific, education and research communities working on various fields related to sustainable energy. It covers the exploration, generation and application of this area to meet societal needs as well as addressing global issues related to the environment. The content of this book presents research related to energy and how to tackle climate change as a comprehensive framework based on the success of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The authors use the scientific method to analyze and deliver viable technical solutions, demonstrating how chemistry and engineering can be combined to solve technically challenging problems. While maintaining high scientific rigor, a quantitative approach is offered in select chapters to the study of energy related to our societies increasing need for electrical and chemical energy feedstocks.

Download or read book Methanol The Basic Chemical and Energy Feedstock of the Future written by Martin Bertau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-18 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methanol - The Chemical and Energy Feedstock of the Future offers a visionary yet unbiased view of methanol technology. Based on the groundbreaking 1986 publication "Methanol" by Friedrich Asinger, this book includes contributions by more than 40 experts from industry and academia. The authors and editors provide a comprehensive exposition of methanol chemistry and technology which is useful for a wide variety of scientists working in chemistry and energy related industries as well as academic researchers and even decision-makers and organisations concerned with the future of chemical and energy feedstocks.

Download or read book Frontiers of Green Catalytic Selective Oxidations written by Konstantin P. Bryliakov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for novel efficient and environmentally sustainable chemo, regio- and stereoselective catalyst systems for the oxidation of organic substrates is continuously growing in line with toughening economic and environmental constraints. This book addresses these issues; it consists of eleven chapters written by world-recognized experts in green and sustainable oxidation catalysis. The most urgent and challenging topics, in the judgment of the editor, such as green asymmetric epoxidations, sulfoxidatiuons, C–H oxidations; oxidation catalysis by polyoxometalates and oxidations in non-conventional solvents, etc. have been critically reviewed in this book. Both fundamental aspects, such as catalysts design, catalytic properties, nature of catalytically active sites and reaction mechanisms, and practical outlook of the oxidations have been addressed by the authors. The book appeals to a broad readership, particularly graduate students, employees of universities and research organizations, and industrial researchers, particularly those working in the areas of homogeneous oxidation catalysis, asymmetric synthesis, organocatalysis, sustainable catalytic processes and green chemistry, mechanisms of catalytic reactions, synthesis of bioactive compounds, biomimetic chemistry, etc. Konstantin Bryliakov is Leading Researcher at the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis. In 2016, he was elected Honorary Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Download or read book Handbook on Metalloproteins written by Ivano Bertini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-29 with total page 1382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook on Metalloproteins focuses on the available structural information of proteins and their metal ion coordination spheres. It centers on the metal ions indispensable for life but also considers metal ions used as substitution probes in studies of metalloproteins. Emphasizing the structure-function relationship, the book covers the common and distinct characterstics of metallo- enzymes, proteins, and amino acids bonded to copper, zinc, iron, and more.

Download or read book Natural Gas Conversion V written by A. Parmaliana and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-09-17 with total page 1005 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On January 1988, the ascertained and economically accessible reserves of Natural Gas (NG) amounted to over 144,000 billion cubic meters worldwide, corresponding to 124 billion tons of oil equivalents (comparable with the liquid oil reserves, which are estimated to be 138 billion TOE). It is hypothesized that the volume of NG reserve will continue to grow at the same rate of the last decade. Forecasts on production indicate a potential increase from about 2,000 billion cubic meters in 1990 to not more than 3,300 billion cubic meters in 2010, even in a high economic development scenario. NG consumption represents only one half of oil: 1.9 billion TOE/y as compared to 3.5 of oil. Consequently, in the future gas will exceed oil as a carbon atom source. In the future the potential for getting energetic vectors or petrochemicals from NG will continue to grow.The topics covered in Natural Gas Conversion V reflect the large global R&D effort to look for new and economic ways of NG exploitation. These range from the direct conversion of methane and light paraffins to the indirect conversion through synthesis gas to fuels and chemicals. Particularly underlined and visible are the technologies already commercially viable.These proceedings prove that mature and technologically feasible processes for natural gas conversion are already available and that new and improved catalytic approaches are currently developing, the validity and feasibility of which will soon be documented. This is an exciting area of modern catalysis, which will certainly open novel and rewarding perspectives for the chemical, energy and petrochemical industries.

Download or read book Heterogeneous Catalytic Materials written by Guido Busca and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterogeneous Catalytic Materials discusses experimental methods and the latest developments in three areas of research: heterogeneous catalysis; surface chemistry; and the chemistry of catalysts. Catalytic materials are those solids that allow the chemical reaction to occur efficiently and cost-effectively. This book provides you with all necessary information to synthesize, characterize, and relate the properties of a catalyst to its behavior, enabling you to select the appropriate catalyst for the process and reactor system. Oxides (used both as catalysts and as supports for catalysts), mixed and complex oxides and salts, halides, sulfides, carbides, and unsupported and supported metals are all considered. The book encompasses applications in industrial chemistry, refinery, petrochemistry, biomass conversion, energy production, and environmental protection technologies. - Provides a systematic and clear approach of the synthesis, solid state chemistry and surface chemistry of all solid state catalysts - Covers widely used instrumental techniques for catalyst characterization, such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and more - Includes characterization methods and lists all catalytic behavior of the solid state catalysts - Discusses new developments in nanocatalysts and their advantages over conventional catalysts

Download or read book Natural Gas Conversion written by A. Holmen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1991-05-27 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings reflect the extensive fundamental and applied research efforts that are currently being made on the conversion of gas, in particular on the direct conversion of methane. The Symposium in Oslo focused on the following topics: Direct conversion of methane, Fischer-Tropsch chemistry, methanol conversion and natural gas conversion processes. The main aim was to present the state-of-the-art and progress currently being made within each of these areas. The book contains the papers presented and includes plenary lectures, short communications and posters. The papers will be of interest to scientists and engineers working in the field of gas conversion, transportation fuels, primary petrochemicals and catalysis.

Download or read book Catalysis written by James J Spivey and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature. Chapters highlight application of 2D materials in biomass conversion catalysis, plasmonic photocatalysis, catalytic demonstration of mesoporosity in the hierarchical zeolite and the effect of surface phase oxides on supported metals and catalysis. Looking to the future a chapter on ab initio machine learning for accelerating catalytic materials discovery is included. Appealing broadly to researchers in academia and industry, these illustrative chapters bridge the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry not only for catalysis field but also for environmental protection. Other chapters with an industrial perspective include heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic routes for vinyl acetate synthesis, catalysis for production of jet fuel from renewable sources by HDO/HDC and microwave-assisted catalysis for fuel conversion. Chemical reactions in ball mills is also explored. The book will be of great benefit to any researcher wanting a succinct reference on developments in this area now and looking to the future.

Download or read book Catalyst Design for Low Temperature Oxidation of Methane to Methanol written by Christopher Paul Williams and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: