Download or read book Dental Variation and Biocultural Affinities Among Prehistoric Populations from the Coastal Valleys of Moquegua Peru and Azapa Chile written by Richard Carlton Sutter and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Murra's (1972) ethnohistoric model of verticality states that highland, or altiplano, people of the Andes diversified their economic base by sending colonists to altitudinally stratified resource zones, resulting in an ethnic "archipelago" within the western flanks of South America. For more than a quarter century, this model has been the dominant theoretical framework used by archaeologists to explain the presence of altiplano artifacts recovered from the coastal valleys of Peru, and Chile. This research uses a bioarchaeological approach to evaluate verticality and other alternative models of zonal complementarity using 12 south central Andean populations from the Moquegua valley, Peru and Azapa valley, Chile. Predictions derived from these models are tested using genetically controlled dental traits and archaeological information. Comparative analysis of the 782 dentitions indicates that a considerable amount of variability existed in the discrete dental traits of prehistoric south central Andean populations. Dental frequencies for the Late Intermediate Period (A.D. 950-A.D. 1476) Moquegua valley Chiribaya and Azapa valley Cabuza samples from Azapa-6 and Azapa-71 are most like those reported for other sinodont populations of the New World and northeast Asia, whereas Archaic Period (8,000 B.C.-1,500 B.C.) populations from both valleys, and all other Formative (1,500 B.C.-A.D. 500) and Late Intermediate Period Azapa valley populations exhibit dental trait frequencies similar to those reported for sundadont populations of southeast Asia. These results suggest there were 2 demic expansions into South America. The Late Intermediate Period (A.D. 950-A.D. 1476) Chiribaya of the coastal Moquegua valley, Peru are genetically different from the founding Ilo Preceramic (7,000 B.C.-1,500 B.C.) population. The Chiribaya likely represent a middle valley population that migrated to the coast following the collapse of Tiwanaku's influence, supporting predictions made for the model of large-scale migration in response to political upheaval. In contrast, bioarchaeological evidence indicates genetic continuity among the prehistoric populations of Azapa valley, Chile. The rare appearance of altiplano artifacts in the Azapa valley is best explained by indirect trade as by proposed by Dillehay and Nunez's model of circuit mobility. It is concluded that Murra's model of verticality should be evaluated on a case by case basis.
Download or read book Anthropological Perspectives on Tooth Morphology written by G. Richard Scott and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers have long had an interest in dental morphology as a genetic proxy to reconstruct population history. Much interest was fostered by the use of standard plaques and associated descriptions that comprise the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System, developed by Christy G. Turner, II and students. This system has served as the foundation for hundreds of anthropological studies for over 30 years. In recognition of that success, this volume brings together some of the world's leading dental morphologists to expand upon the concepts and methods presented in the popular The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth (Cambridge, 1997), leading the reader from method to applied research. After a preparatory section on the current knowledge of heritability and gene expression, a series of case studies demonstrate the utility of dental morphological study in both fossil and more recent populations (and individuals), from local to global scales.
Download or read book Biological Distance Analysis written by Marin A. Pilloud and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Distance Analysis: Forensic and Bioarchaeological Perspectives synthesizes research within the realm of biological distance analysis, highlighting current work within the field and discussing future directions. The book is divided into three main sections. The first section clearly outlines datasets and methods within biological distance analysis, beginning with a brief history of the field and how it has progressed to its current state. The second section focuses on approaches using the individual within a forensic context, including ancestry estimation and case studies. The final section concentrates on population-based bioarchaeological approaches, providing key techniques and examples from archaeological samples. The volume also includes an appendix with additional resources available to those interested in biological distance analyses. - Defines datasets and how they are used within biodistance analysis - Applies methodology to individual and population studies - Bridges the sub-fields of forensic anthropology and bioarchaeology - Highlights current research and future directions of biological distance analysis - Identifies statistical programs and datasets for use in biodistance analysis - Contains cases studies and thorough index for those interested in biological distance analyses
Download or read book Gallinazo written by Jean-Francois Millaire and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2009-12-31 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decades, considerable effort has been directed towards the study of early complex societies of northern Peru, and in recent years archaeologists have expressed a strong interest in the art and archaeology of the Moche, Lambayeque and Chimu societies. Yet, comparatively little attention has been paid to the earlier cultural foundations of north coast civilization: the Gallinazo. In the recent years, however, the work of a number of north coast specialists brought about a large quantity of data on the Gallinazo occupation of the coast, but a coherent framework for studying this culture had yet to be defined. The present volume is the result of a round table, which gathered some thirty scholars from Europe and North and South America to discuss the Gallinazo phenomenon. In fourteen chapters, authors with different perspectives and backgrounds reconsider the nature of the Gallinazo culture and its position within north coast cultural history, while addressing wider issues about the development of complex societies in this area and within the Andean region in general. The contributions reveal a diversity of perspectives on north coast archaeology, something that is likely to stimulate methodological and theoretical debates among Andeanists, pre-Columbian specialists and New World archaeologists in general.
Download or read book Us and Them written by Richard Martin Reycraft and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2005-05-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together a corpus of scholars whose work collectively represents a significant advancement in the study of prehistoric ethnicity in the Andean region. The assembled research represents an outstanding collection of theoretical and methodological approaches, and conveys recent discoveries in several subfields of prehistoric Andean anthropology, including spatial archaeology, mortuary archaeology, textile studies, ceramic analysis, and biological anthropology. Many of the authors in this volume apply novel research techniques, while others wield more established approaches in original ways. Although the research presented in this volume has occurred in the Andean region, many of the novel methods applied will be applicable to other geographic regions, and it is hoped that this research will stimulate others to pursue future innovative work in the prehistoric study of ethnic identification.
Download or read book Distant Provinces in the Inka Empire written by Michael A. Malpass and published by University of Iowa Press. This book was released on 2010-03-15 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Who was in charge of the widespread provinces of the great Inka Empire of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries: Inka from the imperial heartland or local leaders who took on the trappings of their conquerors, either by coercion or acceptance? By focusing on provinces far from the capital of Cuzco, the essays in this multidisciplinary volume provide up-to-date information on the strategies of domination asserted by the Inka across the provinces far from their capital and the equally broad range of responses adopted by their conquered peoples. Contributors to this cutting-edge volume incorporate the interaction of archaeological and ethnohistorical research with archaeobotany, biometrics, architecture, and mining engineering, among other fields. The geographical scope of the chapters—which cover the Inka provinces in Bolivia, in southeast Argentina, in southern Chile, along the central and north coast of Peru, and in Ecuador—build upon the many different ways in which conqueror and conquered interacted. Competing factors such as the kinds of resources available in the provinces, the degree of cooperation or resistance manifested by local leaders, the existing levels of political organization convenient to the imperial administration, and how recently a region had been conquered provide a wealth of information on regions previously understudied. Using detailed contextual analyses of Inka and elite residences and settlements in the distant provinces, the essayists evaluate the impact of the empire on the leadership strategies of conquered populations, whether they were Inka by privilege, local leaders acculturated to Inka norms, or foreign mid-level administrators from trusted ethnicities. By exploring the critical interface between local elites and their Inka overlords, Distant Provinces in the Inka Empire builds upon Malpass’s 1993 Provincial Inca: Archaeological and Ethnohistorical Assessment of the Impact of the Inca State to support the conclusions that Inka strategies of control were tailored to the particular situations faced in different regions. By contributing to our understanding of what it means to be marginal in the Inka Empire, this book details how the Inka attended to their political and economic goals in their interactions with their conquered peoples and how their subjects responded, producing a richly textured view of the reality that was the Inka Empire.
Download or read book Andean Civilization written by Joyce Marcus and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2009-12-31 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together exciting new field data by more than two dozen Andean scholars who came together to honor their friend, colleague, and mentor. These new studies cover the enormous temporal span of Moseley's own work from the Preceramic era to the Tiwanaku and Moche states to the Inka empire. And, like Moseley's own studies -- from Maritime Foundations of Andean Civilization to Chan Chan: The Desert City to Cerro Baul's brewery -- these new studies involve settlements from all over the Andes -- from the far northern highlands to the far southern coast. An invaluable addition to any Andeanist's library, the papers in this book demonstrate the enormous breadth and influence of Moseley's work and the vibrant range of exciting new work by his former students and collaborators in fieldwork.
Download or read book Population and Demography written by Stephen Shennan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers recent work on the cultural aspects of past societies, focusing especially on studies of colonisation and migration, and the impact of population growth.
Download or read book A Demographic Simulation Model to Assess Prehistoric Migrations written by Graciela Susana Cabana and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Andean Past written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tiwanaku Residential Mobility in the South Central Andes written by Kelly Jo Knudson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dental Variation in Pre Columbian Coastal Peru written by Eugenie Carol Scott and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A World View of Bioculturally Modified Teeth written by Scott E. Burnett and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Brings together studies from diverse time periods and geographic regions to deliver a comprehensive biocultural treatment of dental modification. The volume amply documents the diversity of ways humans modify their teeth and the variety of reasons they may do so."--Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg, author of What Teeth Reveal about Human Evolution Tooth modification is the longest-lasting type of body modification and the most widespread in the archaeological record. It has been practiced throughout many time periods and on every occupied continent and conveys information about individual people, their societies, and their relationships to others. This necessary volume presents the wide spectrum of intentional dental modification in humans across the globe over the past 16,000 years. These essays draw on research from the Americas, Africa, Asia, Oceania, and Europe. Through archaeological studies, historical and ethnographic sources, and observations of contemporary people, contributors examine instances of tooth filing, notching, inlays, dyeing, and removal. They discuss how to distinguish between these purposeful modifications of teeth and normal wear and tear or disease while demonstrating what patterns of tooth modification can reveal about people and their cultures in the past and present. A volume in the series Bioarchaeological Interpretations of the Human Past: Local, Regional, and Global Perspectives, edited by Clark Spencer Larsen
Download or read book The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth written by G. Richard Scott and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All humans share certain components of tooth structure, but show variation in size and morphology around this shared pattern. This book presents a worldwide synthesis of the global variation in tooth morphology in recent populations. Research has advanced on many fronts since the publication of the first edition, which has become a seminal work on the subject. This revised and updated edition introduces new ideas in dental genetics and ontogeny and summarizes major historical problems addressed by dental morphology. The detailed descriptions of 29 dental variables are fully updated with current data and include details of a new web-based application for using crown and root morphology to evaluate ancestry in forensic cases. A new chapter describes what constitutes a modern human dentition in the context of the hominin fossil record.
Download or read book The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth written by G. Richard Scott and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-06 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A global study of dental variation offering insights into modern human origins.
