Download or read book Currencies Commodities and Consumption written by Kenneth W. Clements and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currency values, prices, consumption and incomes are at the heart of the economic performance of all countries. In order to make a meaningful comparison between one economy and another, economists routinely make use of purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates, but while PPP rates are widely used and well understood, they take a lot of effort to produce and suffer from publication delays. Currencies, Commodities and Consumption analyses the strengths and weaknesses of two alternatives to PPP. Firstly, the so-called Big Mac Index, which uses hamburger prices as a standard of measurement, and second, a less well known technique which infers incomes across countries based on the proportion of consumption devoted to food. Kenneth W. Clements uses international macroeconomics, microeconomic theory and econometrics to provide researchers and policy makers with insights into alternatives to PPP rates and make sense of the ongoing instability of exchange rates and commodity prices.

Download or read book Currencies Commodities and Consumption written by Kenneth W. Clements and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currency values, prices, consumption and incomes are at the heart of the economic performance of all countries. In order to make a meaningful comparison between one economy and another, economists routinely make use of purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates, but while PPP rates are widely used and well understood, they take a lot of effort to produce and suffer from publication delays. Currencies, Commodities and Consumption analyses the strengths and weaknesses of two alternatives to PPP. Firstly, the so-called Big Mac Index, which uses hamburger prices as a standard of measurement, and second, a less well known technique which infers incomes across countries based on the proportion of consumption devoted to food. Kenneth W. Clements uses international macroeconomics, microeconomic theory and econometrics to provide researchers and policy makers with insights into alternatives to PPP rates and make sense of the ongoing instability of exchange rates and commodity prices.

Download or read book World Commodities and World Currency written by Benjamin Graham and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Commodities and World Currency presents Graham's thoughts on the importance and growth of world commodity stabilization; its impact on world currency; the declining power of cartels; and his unique theory on stock-piling, which encouraged expansion and stability in a postwar economy.

Download or read book Currencies Commodities and Consumption written by Kenneth W. Clements and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses economic issues associated with exchange rates, commodity prices, the economic size of countries and alternatives to PPP exchange rates.

Download or read book Commodity Prices and Markets written by Takatoshi Ito and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluctuations of commodity prices, most notably of oil, capture considerable attention and have been tied to important economic effects. This book advances our understanding of the consequences of these fluctuations, providing both general analysis and a particular focus on the countries of the Pacific Rim.

Download or read book Rational Money written by UNKNOWN. AUTHOR and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Rational Money: A National Currency Intelligently Controlled in the Interests of the Whole People and Carefully Regulated in Reference to the True Commodity Bases, the Real Constant of Exchange, by Means of the Multiple Standard Fact. History sanctions an independent paper of regulated volume. Reason. Science proves such money to be the best. Authority. Distinguished leaders of thought, economists, statesmen, and financiers approve the principles on which the plan is based. The Power of Paper, with the Multiple Standard. The essential attribute of money is general receivability. Money should not be a promise to pay, but to receive, and to see that; others receive. Next to receivability the most vital fact of monetary science is the movement or non-movement of the money volume. Through this prices may be controlled, a rise or fall produced, or a rise or fall from other causes prevented, or checked and cancelled if it has occurred. Power to control the money volume is power to do justice or injustice between debtor and creditor, laborer and employer, buyer and seller, landlord and tenant, interest receiver and entrepreneur; power to increase the weight and value of every debt public or private, power to produce panic or prosperity, power to regulate industry and determine the distribution of wealth. Such power is an attribute to sovereignty and ought to belong to none but the sovereign people. The money volume should no longer be left to chance or private manipulation, but subjected to intelligent control in the interest of the public. Steadiness of value is the morality of the dollar. An appreciating dollar robs debtors and depresses industry. A depreciating dollar robs creditors and may lead to feverish speculation. The creditor should receive the same purchasing power that he lent, the same command over commodities, services, all the means of life and happiness, To accomplish this the dollar must not be based on a gold standard, for the purchasing power of gold is not constant, but exceedingly variable. The same is true of the bi-metallic standard in a slightly less degree. The average purchasing power of gold and silver vibrates a little less than gold alone. Two commodities may be better than one, but 100 or 200 or 500 commodities make a steadier base than two. A list of all commodities would be constant in the sum of its exchange values. If the value of one commodity fell the others would gain what it lost, their purchasing power over it would be increased in the same ratio that its purchasing power over them is diminished, and vice versa if one or more commodities rise in exchangeable value the others fall in like ratio. The true standard is a list of all commodities each one being entered according to its importance in consumption and expenditure. The nearest practicable approach to this is a long list of commodities weighted according to importance, each commodity being entered in such amount as to have the same value relatively to the total value of the list, that the consumption of that commodity has to the total consumption of the community. The nearest to all commodities is a large number of commodities so selected as to fairly represent the various parts and classes of the whole. It is this composite or Multiple Standard which justice and progress require us to adopt. A national paper money regulated in volume so as to be in harmony with this standard will constitute a mighty power for justice and prosperity. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com

Download or read book The Intelligent Forex Investor written by Benjamin Graham and published by www.bnpublishing.com. This book was released on 2008-09 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Intelligent Forex Investor: World Currency and World Commodities, Graham offers a more global analysis of the systems that could reduce dangerous cycles of price instability in order to achieve stability in a postwar economy. Graham, in an astonishing display of foresight, shows how commodity reserves should play an important part in any economic policy.Throughout the book, Graham maintains that stabilization of commodities offers a comparatively simple technique by which the world could achieve the fourfold objective of foreign-exchange stability, reasonable price stability, protective stockpiles, and - most importantly - a balanced expansion of the world's output and consumption of useful goods.

Download or read book How Much is that in Real Money written by John J. McCusker and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes prices for the United States from 1700-1991, for Great Britain from 1600-1991, and American Revolutionary War currency depreciation tables.

Download or read book Trading Commodities Commodity Options and Currencies written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book COVID 19 Pandemic and Energy Markets written by Khaled Guesmi and published by World Scientific Energy and En. This book was released on 2021 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Health Organization confirmed COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020, causing vast impact on international economy. The coronavirus pandemic has given rise to an unprecedented global health and economic crises. Apart from the toll of early deaths, economic activities have been stalled and stock markets have tumbled, while a wide range of energy markets -- including oil, gas and renewable energy -- have been severely affected. This crisis The pandemic has stressed the critical value of the health care infrastructure and electricity infrastructure. In view of the above, while governments and policy makers respond to these interlinked crises, they must not lose sight of a major challenge of our time: clean energy transitions.The pandemic has continued to to slow down the recovery of economic activities and consumption due to combination of many factors such as economic recession, expensive storage, warm climate, and enormous uncertainty. Mitigation and adaptation policies are crucial to overcoming the crisis. The commodity futures market will depend on the effectiveness of decision-makers' policies in containing the COVID-19 outbreak and reducing the negative effect of the pandemic on economic activities. This book seeks to throw light on the adverse effects of COVID-19 through enhanced scientific and multi-disciplinary knowledge. The chapters in the book show that the energy, stock, crypto-currencies markets are vulnerable to the surge in coronavirus deaths.

Download or read book Commodity Price Dynamics written by Craig Pirrong and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-31 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commodities have become an important component of many investors' portfolios and the focus of much political controversy over the past decade. This book utilizes structural models to provide a better understanding of how commodities' prices behave and what drives them. It exploits differences across commodities and examines a variety of predictions of the models to identify where they work and where they fail. The findings of the analysis are useful to scholars, traders and policy makers who want to better understand often puzzling - and extreme - movements in the prices of commodities from aluminium to oil to soybeans to zinc.

Download or read book Cash Use Across Countries and the Demand for Central Bank Digital Currency written by Mr.Tanai Khiaonarong and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The level and trend in cash use in a country will influence the demand for central bank digital currency (CBDC). While access to digital currency will be more convenient than traveling to an ATM, it only makes CBDC like a bank debit card—not better. Demand for digital currency will thus be weak in countries where cash use is already very low, due to a preference for cash substitutes (cards, electronic money, mobile phone payments). Where cash use is very high, demand should be stronger, due to a lack of cash substitutes. As the demand for CBDC is tied to the current level of cash use, we estimate the level and trend in cash use for 11 countries using four different measures. A tentative forecast of cash use is also made. After showing that declining cash use is largely associated with demographic change, we tie the level of cash use to the likely demand for CBDC in different countries. In this process, we suggest that one measure of cash use is more useful than the others. If cash is important for monetary policy, payment instrument competition, or as an alternative payment instrument in the event of operational problems with privately supplied payment methods, the introduction of CBDC may best be introduced before cash substitutes become so ubiquitous that the viability of CBDC could be in doubt.

Download or read book Economic Analysis of the Digital Economy written by Avi Goldfarb and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a small and growing literature that explores the impact of digitization in a variety of contexts, but its economic consequences, surprisingly, remain poorly understood. This volume aims to set the agenda for research in the economics of digitization, with each chapter identifying a promising area of research. "Economics of Digitization "identifies urgent topics with research already underway that warrant further exploration from economists. In addition to the growing importance of digitization itself, digital technologies have some features that suggest that many well-studied economic models may not apply and, indeed, so many aspects of the digital economy throw normal economics in a loop. "Economics of Digitization" will be one of the first to focus on the economic implications of digitization and to bring together leading scholars in the economics of digitization to explore emerging research.

Download or read book Emotions as Commodities written by Eva Illouz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capitalism has made rationality into a pervasive feature of human action and yet, far from heralding a loss of emotionality, capitalist culture has been accompanied with an unprecedented intensification of emotional life. This raises the question: how could we have become increasingly rationalized and more intensely emotional? Emotions as Commodities offers a simple hypothesis: that consumer acts and emotional life have become closely and inseparably intertwined with each other, each one defining and enabling the other. Commodities facilitate the experience of emotions, and so emotions are converted into commodities. The contributors of this volume present the co-production of emotions and commodities as a new type of commodity that has gone unseen and unanalyzed by theories of consumption – emodity. Indeed, this innovative book explores how emodity includes atmospherical or mood-producing commodities, relation-marking commodities and mental commodities, all of which the purpose it is to change and improve the self. Analysing a variety of modern day situations such as emotional management through music, creation of urban sexual atmospheres and emotional transformation through psychotherapy, Emotions as Commodities will appeal to scholars, postgraduate students and postdoctoral researchers interested in fields such as Sociology, Cultural Studies, Marketing, Anthropology and Consumer Studies.

Download or read book Guide to Commodities written by Caroline Bain and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A gold mine of information, insights and powerful tools to help you win big in today's commodities markets The recent fortunes made by investors in rare earth metals and gold are just two shining examples of what an extremely profitable investment class commodities can be. But with radical swings in price volatility (think oil) and the vagaries of global geopolitics, commodities also can be one of the trickiest arenas in which to play. Written by the Senior Commodities Editor for The Economist Intelligence Unit, this book provides you with a comprehensive, highly practical look at the commodities markets. In addition to covering major trends and key changes in the markets, both past and present, it supplies you with proven tools for analyzing and taking full advantage of this ever-changing asset class. Focuses specifically on natural commodities classes, such as natural resources and raw materials, both mineral and agricultural Explores trends in the consumption and production of the commodities in question as well as the changing markets for those goods Describes how commodities prices have changed historically and in recent years and how they are likely to change in future Arms investors with an array valuable tools for analyzing market movements, timing trades and tracking and predicting price volatility

Download or read book How to Make Money with Commodities written by Andrew Hecht and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2013-02-22 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Generate steady returns in one of the world's hottest markets How to Make Money with Commodities offers proven strategies and tactics to help individual investors capitalize from the commodities market as global demographic shifts drive prices up. "How to Make Money with Commodities sets out in crystal-clear language how the commodity markets affect you every day, and in every way, and why your understanding of the market is essential to your portfolio. An incredibly valuable resource for investors of all levels!" -- Ed Weis, Dean, School of Business at Mercy College; former Managing Director, Merrill Lynch "This book gives fascinating insight into the high-octane world of commodities trading. It unravels the mysteries of the market, layer by layer." -- Ian McConnell, Business Editor, The Herald (UK) and award-winning journalist "Andrew Hecht has taken the world of commodities and presented a compelling picture of the various markets from past to present to future. The comprehensive nature of the book makes it a must-read for anyone who is or hopes to be a trader or analyst. . . . Andy's writing is engaging, and he has written a book for everyone, as we are all commodities consumers and intimately affected by these markets." -- Josef Schroeter, President, CQG Inc. Given demographic trends around the globe and the increasing demand for staple goods, the commodities market has transformed into one of the hottest new mainstream investment sectors. If your portfolio neglects commodities, now is the time to change it. How to Make Money with Commodities gives you a fully rounded understanding of the market so you can make the very best investment decisions based on your individual strategies and goals. One of the most sought-after commodities and commodity options traders and analysts in the world, Andrew T. Hecht explains how commodities relate to stocks, bonds, and foreign exchange, and how they affect the average person’s world every day. Bolstered by case studies, historical trends and examples, and Hecht's personal experience, How to Make Money with Commodities explores the fundamentals and technicalities that determine commodity prices and shows how you can use that knowledge to your advantage. Learn everything there is to know about all the major commodities markets, including: ENERGY--oil and oil products, natural gas, electricity, coal, alternative energy PRECIOUS METALS--gold, silver, platinum, palladium, and others BASE METALS--copper, aluminum, nickel, lead, zinc, tin AGRICULTURE--corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, cattle, hogs SOFT COMMODITIES--coffee, sugar, cocoa, orange juice, cotton OTHER COMMODITIES--steel, fertilizers, rare earth metals, lumber, emission allowances, and more Hecht explains the ins and outs of every market and provides an expert's insight into government regulations, speculators, traders, and the role China will play in shaping the market's future--and he explains how to invest directly in commodity-related instruments such as physical commodities, futures contracts, and options on futures contracts. How to Make Money with Commodities is the perfect one-stop resource for building a solid financial future on a market that promises to remain active and vibrant for the foreseeable future. Get started with commodities today and watch your profitability soar.

Download or read book Virtual Currencies and Beyond written by Mr.Dong He and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-01-20 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies are driving transformational changes in the global financial system. Virtual currencies (VCs) and the underlying distributed ledger systems are among these. VCs offer many potential benefits, but also considerable risks. VCs could raise efficiency and in the long run strengthen financial inclusion. At the same time, VCs could be potential vehicles for money laundering, terrorist financing, tax evasion and fraud. While risks to the conduct of monetary policy seem less likely to arise at this stage given the very small scale of VCs, risks to financial stability may eventually emerge as the new technologies become more widely used. National authorities have begun to address these challenges and will need to calibrate regulation in a manner that appropriately addresses the risks without stifling innovation. As experience is gained, international standards and best practices could be considered to provide guidance on the most appropriate regulatory responses in different fields, thereby promoting harmonization and cooperation across jurisdictions.