Download or read book Cultiver la biodiversit pour transformer l agriculture written by Étienne Hainzelin and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2013 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'agriculture est la première activité humaine avec 1,3 milliard d'actifs, soit près du quart de la population mondiale et la moitié de la population active. L'espace cultivé - c'est-à-dire l'espace où l'homme planifie et pilote directement le couvert végétal - représente aujourd'hui plus de 20 % des terres émergées. Face aux défis de la démographie et de la pauvreté, les systèmes agricoles, dans toutes leurs diversités, sont appelés à s'intensifier et à renforcer leur production de biens et de services, tout en se préparant à mieux affronter les risques et les incertitudes. Comment la biodiversité peut-elle contribuer à la transformation de ces agricultures ? La diversité du vivant a servi l'agriculture depuis ses débuts au néolithique. Mais l'activité agricole moderne a visé des rendements toujours croissants et homogènes, à force de recours massifs aux intrants et à l'énergie fossile. Cela avait fait oublier à quel point la biodiversité végétale, animale et microbienne est le moteur de tous les processus de production et de régulation des écosystèmes, tant cultivés que naturels. Mieux connaître et comprendre, remobiliser et planifier, en un mot, cultiver la biodiversité pour intensifier durablement la production et assurer la sécurité alimentaire mondiale remet les agricultures des pays du Sud au coeur des réflexions sur les transformations possibles. Cet ouvrage aborde la question sous différents angles et montre à quel point ces transformations ne sont pas limitées à la parcelle et à sa culture. Elles touchent en fait aux liens profonds entre les communautés paysannes et leur patrimoine vivant, dans leur façon de conserver cette agrobiodiversité et d'innover pour en tirer profit. Cet ouvrage s'adresse à un public scientifique, aux chercheurs et universitaires de nombreux domaines (écologie, génétique, sciences sociales, protection des plantes, agronomie, environnement, développement rural) ainsi qu'au grand public avisé.
Download or read book Climate Change and Agriculture Worldwide written by Emmanuel Torquebiau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-26 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, especially with the approach of the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in late 2015, the number of publications, conferences and meetings on climate change has been growing exponentially. Yet uncertainties remain concerning rural tropical areas where models are forecasting the onset of multiple disorders and trends are unclear. Meanwhile, the impact of climate change on the poorest communities is regularly documented, often prompting alarmist reactions. How can food security be achieved while adapting to and mitigating climate change? What are the main threats to agriculture in developing countries? How do farmers in these countries cope with the threats? What does agricultural research propose? What options have yet to be investigated? A broad scope of scientific research is underway to address these challenges. Diverse solutions are available, including new agricultural practices, water management, agricultural waste recycling, diagnosis of emerging diseases, payment for ecosystem services, etc. Gaining insight into the financial and political mechanisms that underlie international climate negotiations is also essential to design practical ways to deal with climate issues and meet sustainable development requirements in collaboration with farmers. This book pools the wealth of experience of dozens of researchers and development officers from a range of disciplines. We have focused on making it detailed, accurate and hopefully easy to read for researchers, students and all other informed readers.
Download or read book L homme et les lois de la nature 2 written by Jean-Pierre COURTIN and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2012-01-07 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manuel de culture générale scientifique, de niveau universitaire (licences et masters scientifiques)
Download or read book Cover Crops in West Africa written by International Development Research Centre (Canada) and published by IDRC. This book was released on 1998 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover Crops in West Africa Contributing to Sustainable Agriculture
Download or read book Organic Farming Prototype for Sustainable Agricultures written by Stéphane Bellon and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stakeholders show a growing interest for organic food and farming (OF&F), which becomes a societal component. Rather than questioning whether OF&F outperforms conventional agriculture or not, the main question addressed in this book is how, and in what conditions, OF&F may be considered as a prototype towards sustainable agricultures. The book gathers 25 papers introduced in a first chapter. The first section investigates OF&F production processes and its capacity to benefit from the systems functioning to achieve higher self-sufficiency. The second one proposes an overview of organic performances providing commodities and public goods. The third one focuses on organics development pathways within agri-food systems and territories. As well as a strong theoretical component, this book provides an overview of the new challenges for research and development. It questions the benefits as well as knowledge gaps with a particular emphasis on bottlenecks and lock-in effects at various levels.
Download or read book Tropical Plant Breeding written by A. Charrier and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2001 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Important advances in tropical plant breeding achieved by French research teams of Cirad, Inra and Ird, in collaboration with counterpart staff in tropical countries, are reviewed in the present publication. All 24 chapters focus on different plants, and include: in-depth analysis of trait diversity in cultivated forms and links with related wild species; overviews of breeding techniques and biotechnological innovations utilized by breeders; assessment of genetic progress, based on examples from varietal improvement and extension programmes.
Download or read book Clean Meat written by Paul Shapiro and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paul Shapiro gives you a “captivating” (John Mackey, former CEO of Whole Foods Market) front-row seat for the race to create and commercialize cleaner, safer, sustainable meat—real meat—without the animals. Since the dawn of Homo sapiens some quarter million years ago, animals have satiated our species’ desire for meat. But with a growing global population and demand for meat, eggs, dairy, leather, and more, raising such massive numbers of farm animals is woefully inefficient and takes an enormous toll on the planet, public health, and certainly the animals themselves. But what if we could have our meat and eat it, too? The next great scientific revolution is underway—“a future where the cellular agricultural revolution helps lower rates of foodborne illness, greatly improves environmental sustainability, and allows us to continue to enjoy the food we love” (Kathleen Sebelius, former US Secretary of Health and Human Services). Enter clean meat—real, actual meat grown (or brewed!) from animal cells—as well as other clean foods that ditch animal cells altogether and are simply built from the molecule up. Whereas our ancestors domesticated wild animals into livestock, today we’re beginning to domesticate their cells, leaving the animals out of the equation. From one single cell of a cow, you could feed an entire village. And “in this important book that could just save your life” (Michael Greger, MD, author of How Not to Die), the story of this coming second domestication is anything but tame.
Download or read book Knowing our lands and resources written by Roué, Marie and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mauritius written by Allister Macmillan and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Philosophy manual a South South perspective written by Chanthalangsy, Phinith and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agriculture et biodiversit written by and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limiter la perte de biodiversité à l’horizon 2010, tel est l’engagement souscrit par la communauté internationale. C’est dans ce contexte que s’inscrit cette expertise qui analyse les relations entre agriculture et biodiversité. L’agriculture en France, par son emprise sur le territoire et la transformation des milieux naturels qu’elle opère, entretient des liens étroits avec la biodiversité. Dans les cinquante dernières années, l’intensification des pratiques agricoles, qui s’est traduite par l’arasement des haies, le recours systématique à des produits de synthèse pour protéger les plantes et fertiliser les sols, a porté atteinte à cette biodiversité. L’expertise s’est intéressée non pas à la biodiversité remarquable, illustrée par des espèces emblématiques (l’ours, le loup), mais à la biodiversité ordinaire (abeilles, syrphes, vers de terre...), qui contribue au bon fonctionnement des écosystèmes à travers des « services », comme les services de pollinisation ou de contribution à la fertilité des sols, par exemple. La question posée conjointement par les ministères en charge de l’écologie et de l’agriculture concernait les conditions d’une meilleure synergie entre biodiversité et agriculture, fondées sur une exploitation efficace des services fournis par la biodiversité dans les processus de production agricole. Que sait-on aujourd’hui des impacts, positifs et négatifs, de l’agriculture sur la biodiversité ? Quels services la biodiversité peut-elle apporter à l’agriculture, et à quelle hauteur de performance ? Comment favoriser au champ les synergies entre agriculture et biodiversité ? Quels instruments de politiques publiques, économiques et juridiques sont susceptibles de promouvoir ces interactions ? C’est pour répondre à toutes ces questions que s’est mobilisé un groupe pluridisciplinaire d’experts (écologues, agronomes, microbiologistes, spécialistes de santé végétale, économistes, juristes, sociologues), de différentes institutions (Inra, CNRS, IRD, universités, écoles supérieures agronomiques) en France et à l’étranger.
Download or read book Tools for Drought Mitigation in Mediterranean Regions written by Giuseppe Rossi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing risk of severe droughts and water shortages emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to drought mitigation. However, effective tools for the implementation of such an approach have not been available till now. This book contributes to an improved preparedness for drought in water supply systems, providing tools useful for a better decision making process in drought management. It presents methods and software features of a Decision Support System (DSS) developed within a European research project and consists of three main parts. The first part deals with the advanced techniques for hydrological drought identification and monitoring; the second analyses the successful use of climate-crop-soil models in defining deficit irrigation strategies; the third provides tools for improving the operation of irrigation supply reservoirs.
Download or read book Cultural Memory and Biodiversity written by Virginia D. Nazarea and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2006-01-26 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seed and gene banks have made great strides in preserving the biological diversity of traditional agricultural plant species, but they have tended to ignore a serious component: the knowledge about those crops and methods of farming held by the people who have long raised them. Virginia Nazarea now makes a case for preserving cultural memory along with biodiversity. By exploring how indigenous people farm sweet potatoes in Bukidnon, Philippines, she discovers specific ways in which the conservation of genetic resources and the conservation of culture can support each other. Interweaving a wealth of ecological and cognitive data with oral history, Nazarea details a "memory banking" protocol for collecting and conserving cultural information to complement the genetic, agronomic, and biochemical characterization of important crops. She shows that memory banking offers significant benefits for local populationsÑnot only the preservation of traditional knowledge but also the maintenance of alternatives to large-scale agricultural development and commercialization. She also compares alternative forms of germplasm conservation conducted by a male-dominated hierarchy with those of an informal network of migrant women. Cultural Memory and Biodiversity establishes valuable guidelines for people who aspire to support community-based in situ conservation of local varieties. Perhaps more important, it shows that the traditional methods of local farmers are often as important as the "advanced" methods encouraged by advocates of modernization.
Download or read book Cultivating Biodiversity to Transform Agriculture written by Étienne Hainzelin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-04 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can cultivated plant biodiversity contribute to the transformation and the "ecologization" of agriculture in Southern countries? Based on extensive field work in the Southern countries, a great deal of scientific progress is presented in all areas affecting agriculture (agronomy, plant breeding and crop protection, cultivation systems, etc.) in order to intensify the ecological processes in cultivated plots and at the scale of rural landscapes.
Download or read book Slow Magic written by Philip G. Pardey and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2001 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of public agricultural R & D; The growing private sector; Research intensities; Global gaps in stocks of scientific knowledge; Agricultural biotechnologies; The rights to research.
Download or read book Within the Confines written by Jennifer M. Kilty and published by Canadian Scholars’ Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western feminists have long treated the rule of law as an essential ingredient of social justice; however, as the contributors to this collection remind us, meaningful justice remains out of reach for many women and racialized minorities precisely because the law turns a blind eye to the inequities that structure their daily lives. In fourteen chapters that open vital debates about the erosion of the welfare state and the media's complicity in concealing political injustice, Within the Confines details the brutal ironies of a society that criminalizes the vulnerable while absolving the elite. Distinctive in its focus on Canada, the book traces the linkages among racial, ethnic, sexual, and economic vulnerability and reveals the inadequacies of legislative approaches to socio-historical problems such as drug trafficking, homelessness, infanticide, and the legacies of settler colonial violence. In accessible prose, the authors dismantle the myths behind topics that are often sensationalized in the media-pornography, single motherhood, sex work, filicide, gangs, domestic abuse, prison conditions, HIV nondisclosure-and present alternative arguments that expose the justice system's role in widening the gap between the rich and the poor. What emerges is a poignant challenge to the neoliberal fable that women and minorities in Western democracies now enjoy full equality and an urgent call to action for those who seek to shift institutional norms in more equitable directions. A valuable resource for a wide range of fields, including criminology, sociology, social anthropology, gender studies, political science, social work, and legal history, this multidisciplinary volume offers a fresh perspective on the disturbingly predictable judgments that criminalized women face in Canada.
