Download or read book Credit s Effect on Productivity in Chinese Agriculture written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship Between Credit and Productivity in Chinese Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Evolution of Agricultural Credit during China s Republican Era 1912 1949 written by Hong Fu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-30 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the modern era, China’s rural credit landscape is transforming at a dizzying rate, but, in terms of financial development, these changes represent a second attempt in the past 100 years to reform China’s credit institutions and provide credit access to farmers. The first period was during the Republican era, between 1912 and 1949, which saw the first attempts at formalizing rural credit with the Industrial and Agricultural Banks. This book uses primary data and papers to present a full picture of the difficult conditions China faced during the Republican era in order to explain the myriad reforms to the country's rural credit system. Fu and Turvey build a narrative around these developments based on the foundation of thousands of years of dynastic rule in order to explore the specific impacts of drought, floods, famine, communist insurgencies, Japanese expansionism, and more on credit access, supply and demand. They consider powerful personalities—such as J.B. Taylor, John Lossing Buck, Paul Hsu and Timothy Richards—and influential institutions—from Nanking and Nankai Universities to the China International Famine Relief Commission—that sought ways to end the cycle that trapped the vast majority of Chinese farmers in poverty. This rich, wide-ranging, and stimulating work will appeal both to readers focused on present day China and those who want to understand China’s rural economy and credit policies in a historical context.
Download or read book Improving Cereal Productivity through Climate Smart Practices written by Sindhu Sareen and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving Cereal Productivity through Climate Smart Practices is based on the presentations of the 4th International Group Meeting on "Wheat productivity enhancement through climate smart practices," and moves beyond the presentations to provide additional depth and breadth on this important topic. Focused specifically on wheat, and with chapters contributed by globally renowned pioneers in the field of cereal science, the book helps readers understand climate change and its effects on different aspects of wheat production in different parts of the world. This book will be important for those in research and industry seeking to contribute to the effective feeding of the world’s population. Encompasses the possible impact of climate change and future strategies to enhance wheat production on a sustainable basis Explores the genetic manipulation of wheat to mitigate the effects of climate change Includes both biotic and abiotic stresses and their management under changing climate
Download or read book Regional Productivity Growth In China s Agriculture written by Shenggen Fan and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1990-09-05 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Incentive Effects of Price Rises and Payment system Changes on Chinese Agricultural Productivity Growth written by John McMillan and published by London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario. This book was released on 1987 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the relative importance of the major factors underlying the post-1978 increase in China's agricultural productivity. We present a method for assessing the role of price increases and strengthened individual incentives due to the introduction of the responsibility system. Data on pre- and post-1978 Chinese agricultural performance are used to calculate incentive indices, giving the fraction of their marginal product that peasants received under the pre-1978 regime.
Download or read book China s Productivity Convergence and Growth Potential A Stocktaking and Sectoral Approach written by Min Zhu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s growth potential has become a hotly debated topic as the economy has reached an income level susceptible to the “middle-income trap” and financial vulnerabilities are mounting after years of rapid credit expansion. However, the existing literature has largely focused on macro level aggregates, which are ill suited to understanding China’s significant structural transformation and its impact on economic growth. To fill the gap, this paper takes a deep dive into China’s convergence progress in 38 industrial sectors and 11 services sectors, examines past sectoral transitions, and predicts future shifts. We find that China’s productivity convergence remains at an early stage, with the industrial sector more advanced than services. Large variations exist among subsectors, with high-tech industrial sectors, in particular the ICT sector, lagging low-tech sectors. Going forward, ample room remains for further convergence, but the shrinking distance to the frontier, the structural shift from industry to services, and demographic changes will put sustained downward pressure on growth, which could slow to 5 percent by 2025 and 4 percent by 2030. Digitalization, SOE reform, and services sector opening up could be three major forces boosting future growth, while the risks of a financial crisis and a reversal in global integration in trade and technology could slow the pace of convergence.
Download or read book Institutional versus noninstitutional credit to agricultural households in India Evidence on impact from a national farmers survey written by Kumar, Anjani and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A goal of agricultural policy in India has been to reduce farmers’ dependence on informal credit. To that end, recent initiatives have been focused explicitly on rural areas and have had a positive impact on the flow of agricultural credit. But despite the significance of these initiatives in enhancing the flow of institutional credit to agriculture, the links between institutional credit and net farm income and consumption expenditures in India are not very well documented. Using a large national farm household–level dataset and instrumental variables two-stage least squares estimation methods, we investigate the impact of institutional farm credit on farm income and farm household consumption expenditures. Our findings show that in India, formal credit is indeed playing a critical role in increasing both the net farm income and per capita monthly household expenditures of Indian farm families. We also find that, in the presence of formal credit, social safety net programs such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) may have unintended consequences. In particular, MGNREGA reduces both net farm income and per capita monthly household consumption expenditures. In contrast, in the presence of formal credit, the Public Distribution System may increase both net farm income and per capita monthly household consumption expenditures.
Download or read book Official Credits to Developing Countries Implicit Transfers to the Banks written by Harry Huizinga, Asl? Demirgüç-Kunt and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stock market expects virtually all additional resources provided to debtor countries to be used for debt service to commercial banks. The stock market capitalization of banks increased about $6 billion at the time of the 1983 U.S. proposal to increase its quota to the IMF by $8.5 billion, and by a low estimate of $22.4 billion at the time details of the Brady Plan were recorded.
Download or read book China Agriculture in Transition written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxford Companion to the Economics of China written by Shenggen Fan and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-10-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's rise as an economic powerhouse raises a number of questions that are the subject of lively debate. How did the country do it? How applicable are the lessons of China's economic reform of the past thirty years to the challenges it faces in the next three decades? What does the detailed pattern of China's success and challenges look like at the sub-sectoral and sub-national levels, and what does this mean for future policy? How will China's role as a global economic player evolve? The Oxford Companion to the Economics of China presents an original collection of perspectives on the Chinese economy's past, present, and future: 99 entries written by the leading China analysts of our time. The topics covered include: the China model, future prospects for China , China and the global economy, trade and the Chinese economy, macroeconomics and finance, urbanisation, industry and markets, agriculture and rural development, land, infrastructure, and environment, population and labour, dimensions of wellbeing and inequality, health and education, gender equity, regional divergence in China, and a selection of perspectives on some of China's provinces. The Editors are four global leaders in Chinese economic analysis and policy who between them have held or hold the following positions: Director General, International Food Policy Research Institute; Co-Editor, China Economic Review; President Chinese Economists Society; Assistant Director of Research at the IMF; Principal Adviser to the Chief Economist of the World Bank; and Professors of Economics at Ivy League Universities.
Download or read book Climate Change and Agricultural System Response written by Dingde Xu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-07 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Accelerating China s Rural Transformation written by Albert Nyberg and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: QUOTE...two issues remain central to the [Chinese] government's rural development objectives: food security and poverty alleviation. China has made remarkable progress in meeting these goals: the economy, including the rural sector, has grown at phenomenal rates during the reform period.QUOTEWhile China's rural products, input, labor, and land markets are improving, they remain nascent. China still needs to foster several critical institutions, such as an effective fiscal system, a more efficient rural financial system, a workable land tenure arrangement, and a revamped trade and investment environment for agriculture. The primary purpose of this report is to identify and consolidate information on these crucial issues that impact on rural development in China. This report assesses strategic options from the perspective of efficiency, equitable development, and growth. It is intended to assist government officials and World Bank staff to prioritize policy and institutional reforms and public investment decisions in the rural sector.
Download or read book Sustainable Food Consumption and Production in the 21st Century written by Amar Razzaq and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-04-02 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Empowering Women Through Microfinance in Developing Countries written by Alhassan, Yahaya and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-10-25 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empowering Women Through Microfinance in Developing Countries is a book that explores how microfinance can be used to empower women in developing countries. It provides theoretical and empirical insights from industry experts, experienced researchers, and policymakers on the problems, processes, and prospects of using microfinance as a catalyst for women's empowerment in the developing world. The book covers a range of topics, including the impact of microfinance interventions on women's empowerment, financial inclusion, and women's entrepreneurship, poverty reduction among women, and small and medium-sized enterprise growth. This book addresses the lack of understanding about how microfinance can be used to empower women in developing countries. The insights provided in this book will be valuable for researchers, students, microfinance institutions, policymakers, state institutions, managers, non-governmental organizations, and financial institutions looking to expand their product portfolio and outreach. The book also provides policy directions and rethinking of practice in using microfinance as a strategy for eliminating barriers to women's empowerment in developing countries.
Download or read book Escalation Management in International Crises written by Jonathan Wilkenfeld and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-02-14 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on cutting-edge research by an interdisciplinary team of academics and policy analysts, this insightful and timely book considers the role of great power competition in what has come to be known as gray zone conflict. Taking the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine as a backdrop for some of its critical evaluation, it also examines US and NATO approaches to the management of escalation in asymmetric conflicts, and proposes innovative tools for managing crises in the future.
Download or read book Financial Inclusion for Poverty Alleviation written by Essam Yassin Mohammed and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than one billion people still live below the poverty line – most of them in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Financial inclusion is a major issue, as more than three-quarters of the numbers of poor and disadvantaged women and men do not have access to financial products and services, such as bank accounts, affordable and suitable loans, and insurance. The key objective of this book is to provide practical case studies of financial inclusion, rather than focus on academic debates such as the ideological basis of promoting microfinance. Using the recently adopted Sustainable Development Goals as an overall framing of the issues, it shows how poor and disadvantaged women and men can be bankable if the right facilitation for maximizing opportunities and addressing constraints are in place. Case studies confirm that achieving inclusive and sustainable access to financial products and services goes beyond simply enabling poor and disadvantaged women and men to have access to credit, or the ability to open a bank account. Examples from Africa, Asia and Latin America demonstrate encouraging progress in making microcredit accessible to millions of poor people. The foremost challenge, however, has been to ensure that they have access to, and usage intensity of, suitable and affordable financial products and services that meet the needs of their livelihoods as well as risks and mitigation strategies. This requires understanding that poor and disadvantaged women and men do not exist in isolation from complex and interdependent functions in the financial system, which includes a number of actors, diversified services, constraints (not just symptoms) and capacities and incentives. Overall, the book provides a rich source of examples of how building inclusive financial systems can empower the world's poor – by increasing income and employment opportunities, securing livelihoods and reducing poverty.
