Download or read book Circulation and Control written by Marie-Stéphanie Delamaire and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2021-10-08 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nineteenth century witnessed a series of revolutions in the production and circulation of images. From lithographs and engraved reproductions of paintings to daguerreotypes, stereoscopic views, and mass-produced sculptures, works of visual art became available in a wider range of media than ever before. But the circulation and reproduction of artworks also raised new questions about the legal rights of painters, sculptors, engravers, photographers, architects, collectors, publishers, and subjects of representation (such as sitters in paintings or photographs). Copyright and patent laws tussled with informal cultural norms and business strategies as individuals and groups attempted to exert some degree of control over these visual creations. With contributions by art historians, legal scholars, historians of publishing, and specialists of painting, photography, sculpture, and graphic arts, this rich collection of essays explores the relationship between intellectual property laws and the cultural, economic, and technological factors that transformed the pictorial landscape during the nineteenth century. This book will be valuable reading for historians of art and visual culture; legal scholars who work on the history of copyright and patent law; and literary scholars and historians who work in the field of book history. It will also resonate with anyone interested in current debates about the circulation and control of images in our digital age.
Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Download or read book Exercise and Circulation in Health and Disease written by Bengt Saltin and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2000 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the functioning cardiovascular system from an integrative viewpoint. Includes both historical developments and recent findings on the diverse aspects of cardiovascular function. Provides a conceptual framework for understanding cardiovascular function in health, as well as analysis of altered cardiovascular control during illness or under various physical and environmental conditions. Topics are presented from a basic science perspective with relevant implactions for clinical and applied settings offered.
Download or read book After Uniqueness written by Erika Balsom and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-21 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Images have never been as freely circulated as they are today. They have also never been so tightly controlled. As with the birth of photography, digital reproduction has created new possibilities for the duplication and consumption of images, offering greater dissemination and access. But digital reproduction has also stoked new anxieties concerning authenticity and ownership. From this contemporary vantage point, After Uniqueness traces the ambivalence of reproducibility through the intersecting histories of experimental cinema and the moving image in art, examining how artists, filmmakers, and theorists have found in the copy a utopian promise or a dangerous inauthenticity—or both at once. From the sale of film in limited editions on the art market to the downloading of bootlegs, from the singularity of live cinema to video art broadcast on television, Erika Balsom investigates how the reproducibility of the moving image has been embraced, rejected, and negotiated by major figures including Stan Brakhage, Leo Castelli, and Gregory Markopoulos. Through a comparative analysis of selected distribution models and key case studies, she demonstrates how the question of image circulation is central to the history of film and video art. After Uniqueness shows that distribution channels are more than neutral pathways; they determine how we encounter, interpret, and write the history of the moving image as an art form.
Download or read book Cerebral Autoregulation written by Stephen Payne and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief provides a comprehensive introduction to the control of blood flow in the brain. Beginning with the basic physiology of autoregulation, the author goes on to discuss measurement techniques, mathematical models, methods of analysis, and relevant clinical conditions, all within this single volume. The author draws together this disparate field, and lays the groundwork for future research directions. The text gives an up-to-date review of the state of the art in cerebral autoregulation, which is particularly relevant as cerebral autoregulation moves from the laboratory to the bedside. Cerebral Autoregulation will be useful to researchers in the physical sciences such as mathematical biology, medical physics, and biomedical engineering whose work is concerned with the brain. Researchers in the medical sciences and clinicians dealing with the brain and blood flow, as well as industry professionals developing techniques such as ultrasound, MRI, and CT will also find this Brief of interest.
Download or read book Skeletal Muscle Circulation written by Ronald J. Korthuis and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this treatise is to summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms for blood flow control to skeletal muscle under resting conditions, how perfusion is elevated (exercise hyperemia) to meet the increased demand for oxygen and other substrates during exercise, mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of regular physical activity on cardiovascular health, the regulation of transcapillary fluid filtration and protein flux across the microvascular exchange vessels, and the role of changes in the skeletal muscle circulation in pathologic states. Skeletal muscle is unique among organs in that its blood flow can change over a remarkably large range. Compared to blood flow at rest, muscle blood flow can increase by more than 20-fold on average during intense exercise, while perfusion of certain individual white muscles or portions of those muscles can increase by as much as 80-fold. This is compared to maximal increases of 4- to 6-fold in the coronary circulation during exercise. These increases in muscle perfusion are required to meet the enormous demands for oxygen and nutrients by the active muscles. Because of its large mass and the fact that skeletal muscles receive 25% of the cardiac output at rest, sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction in vessels supplying this tissue allows central hemodynamic variables (e.g., blood pressure) to be spared during stresses such as hypovolemic shock. Sympathetic vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle in such pathologic conditions also effectively shunts blood flow away from muscles to tissues that are more sensitive to reductions in their blood supply that might otherwise occur. Again, because of its large mass and percentage of cardiac output directed to skeletal muscle, alterations in blood vessel structure and function with chronic disease (e.g., hypertension) contribute significantly to the pathology of such disorders. Alterations in skeletal muscle vascular resistance and/or in the exchange properties of this vascular bed also modify transcapillary fluid filtration and solute movement across the microvascular barrier to influence muscle function and contribute to disease pathology. Finally, it is clear that exercise training induces an adaptive transformation to a protected phenotype in the vasculature supplying skeletal muscle and other tissues to promote overall cardiovascular health. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle and Its Vascular Supply / Regulation of Vascular Tone in Skeletal Muscle / Exercise Hyperemia and Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation During Muscular Activity / Microvascular Fluid and Solute Exchange in Skeletal Muscle / Skeletal Muscle Circulation in Aging and Disease States: Protective Effects of Exercise / References
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cardiovascular Physiology E Book written by Achilles J. Pappano and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-12-20 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular Physiology gives you a solid understanding of how the cardiovascular system functions in both health and disease. Ideal for your systems-based curriculum, this title in the Mosby Physiology Monograph Series explains how the latest concepts apply to real-life clinical situations. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Get clear, accurate, and up-to-the-minute coverage of the physiology of the cardiovascular system. Master the material easily with objectives at the start of each chapter; self-study questions, summaries, and key words and concepts. Grasp the latest concepts in vascular, molecular, and cellular biology as they apply to cardiovascular function, thanks to molecular commentaries in each chapter. Apply information to clinical situations with the aid of clinical commentaries and highlighted clinical vignettes throughout.
Download or read book Circulation of the Blood written by Alfred P. Fishman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-26 with total page 871 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capturing the real spirit of creativity in physiology, this book explores the personal elements involved in scientific discovery. Circulation of the Blood is the story of the people and achievements that have changed the way we've come to view the human body. The authors, renowned for their extensive experience in the field, examine the heritage of creative genius involved in physiology and trace the historical development of ideas relating to various aspects of circulation of the blood. Their comprehensive coverage goes from the early discoveries of the Greeks and Romans up to modern times.
Download or read book Applications of Circulation Control Technologies written by Ronald Douglas Joslin and published by AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics). This book was released on 2006 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on papers from the 2004 NASA/ONR Circulation Control Workshop, this collection is an invaluable, one-of-a-kind resource on the state of the art in circulation control technologies and applications. Filling the information gap between 1986 -- when the last such symposium was held -- and today, it summarizes the applications, experiments, computations and theories related to circulation control, emphasizing fundamental physics, systems analysis and applied research. The papers presented cover a wide variety of aerodynamic and hydrodynamic applications including naval vehicles, fixed-wing aviation, V/STOL platforms, propulsion systems and ground vehicles. Anyone with interests in applied aerodynamics, fluid mechanics and aircraft design will find this book of particular value, as will those seeking a an up-to-date reference work on circulation control and its many current applications.
Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
Download or read book The Ocular Circulation written by Jeffrey W. Kiel and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes the unique anatomy and physiology of the vascular beds that serve the eye. The needs for an unobstructed light path from the cornea to the retina and a relatively fixed corneal curvature and distance between refractive structures pose significant challenges for the vasculature to provide nutrients and remove metabolic waste. To meet these needs, the ocular vascular beds are confined to the periphery of the posterior two thirds of the eye and a surrogate circulation provides a continuous flow of aqueous humor to nourish the avascular cornea, lens and vitreous compartment. The production of aqueous humor (and its ease of egress from the eye) also generates the intraocular pressure (IOP), which maintains the shape of the eye. However, the IOP also exerts a compressing force on the ocular blood vessels that is higher than elsewhere in the body. This is particularly true for the intraocular veins, which must have a pressure higher than IOP to remain patent, and so the IOP is the effective venous pressure for the intraocular vascular beds. Consequently, the ocular circulation operates at a lower perfusion pressure gradient than elsewhere in the body and is more at risk for ischemic damage when faced with low arterial pressure, particularly if IOP is elevated. This risk and the specialized tissues of the eye give rise to the fascinating physiology of the ocular circulations. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy / Blood flow measuring techniques / Ocular perfusion pressure, IOP and the ocular Starling resistor effect / Ocular blood flow effects on IOP / Local control of ocular blood flow / Neural control of ocular blood flow / Summary
Download or read book Circulation and Control written by Marie-Stéphanie Delamaire and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nineteenth century witnessed a series of revolutions in the production and circulation of images. From lithographs and engraved reproductions of paintings to daguerreotypes, stereoscopic views, and mass-produced sculptures, works of visual art became available in a wider range of media than ever before. But the circulation and reproduction of artworks also raised new questions about the legal rights of painters, sculptors, engravers, photographers, architects, collectors, publishers, and subjects of representation (such as sitters in paintings or photographs). Copyright and patent laws tussled with informal cultural norms and business strategies as individuals and groups attempted to exert some degree of control over these visual creations. With contributions by art historians, legal scholars, historians of publishing, and specialists of painting, photography, sculpture, and graphic arts, this rich collection of essays explores the relationship between intellectual property laws and the cultural, economic, and technological factors that transformed the pictorial landscape during the nineteenth century. This book will be valuable reading for historians of art and visual culture; legal scholars who work on the history of copyright and patent law; and literary scholars and historians who work in the field of book history. It will also resonate with anyone interested in current debates about the circulation and control of images in our digital age.
Download or read book Physiology and biochemistry in modern medicene written by John James Rickard Macleod and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital written by Johns Hopkins Hospital and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bound with v. 52-55, 1933-34, is the hospital's supplement: Bulletin of the Institute of the History of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, v. 1-2.
Download or read book The Ohio College Library Center written by James Gerald Schoenung and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Subject Index of Current Research Grants and Contracts Administered by the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute written by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
