Download or read book China s Military Civil Fusion Strategy a View from Chinese Strategists written by Peter Wood and published by . This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Military-Civil Fusion (MCF), this term seems like a counterpart to the American term civil-military integration (CMI), but in reality it is far deeper and more complex. Whereas, according to the U.S. Congressional Office of Technology Assessment, America's CMI is "cooperation between government and commercial facilities in research and development (R&D), manufacturing, and/or maintenance operations", China's Military-Civil Fusion strategy is a state-led, state-directed program and plan to leverage all levers of state and commercial power to strengthen and support the armed wing of the Communist Party of China, the People's Liberation Army (PLA).China's Military-Civil Fusion program is not new. Every leader since Mao Zedong has had a program to compel the "commercial" and "civil" parts of Chinese society to support the PLA. It has gone by different terms, Military-Civil Integration, Military-Civil Fused Development, etc. General Secretary Xi Jinping has elevated the concept to Military-Civil Fusion. But is all cases, it is the "Military" that comes first. Whereas in the United States there is a partnership for spin-off and spin-on technologies, with a goal of assisting commercial companies as well as the military, this is simply a happy coincidence when, and if, it happens in China. Since Xi Jinping's assumption of power, the role of the military, and the importance of MCF have markedly increased. General Secretary Xi has clearly switched the emphasis from Deng Xiaoping's famous statement. While most remember the first part of Deng's saying, "韬光养晦", which is generally translated to "bide your time, and hide your capabilities", most Americans, and westerners, seem to forget there was more in his dictum. The full quote is: "冷静观察, 稳住阵脚, 沉着应付, 韬光养晦, 善于守拙, 决不当头, 有所作为" It is the last four characters that now seem to have the emphasis, loosely translated- and achieve some goals/ get something done. This explains China's growing assertiveness and emphasis on the final piece of Deng Xiaoping's "Four Modernizations", the military.To date, most surveys and analysis of MCF have focused on concrete examples, of how it is or is not working. These are important aspects to understand and study. However, what this report does is focus on how MilitaryCivil Fusion fits in to the CCP's and the PRC's overall national strategy; how it fits in with the other pieces which the CCP uses to guide the development path of the PRC; and rather than "looking down" to focus on the implementation of the program, but rather to "look up" to the strategies and policies that form the connective tissues within the greater system.This report is intended for both policy makers and practitioners, to help them better understand how MCF is intrinsically linked to the other national strategic-level programs in China, and help them better compete in the long-term by understanding the nature of the system with which we are competing.
Download or read book China s Military Civil Fusion Strategy written by Alex Stone (Of BluePath Labs) and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Myths and Realities of China s Military civil Fusion Strategy written by Elsa B. Kania and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beijing’s drive to break down barriers and create stronger linkages between its civilian economy and defense industrial base has started to draw considerable attention in Washington. The success of this strategy is hardly a foregone conclusion. The “fusion” that MCF intends to create remains primarily aspirational, such that this phrasing is not yet a true reflection of realities on the ground in China. American policymakers have often failed to recognize the complexities of MCF with regard to its objectives and actual progression. Without an accurate understanding and communication of MCF as a strategy, American policymakers cannot square up to the competitive challenge.
Download or read book China s Military civil Fusion Strategy the US Response and Implications for India written by Manoj Joshi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book China s Grand Strategy written by Andrew Scobell and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2020-07-27 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To explore what extended competition between the United States and China might entail out to 2050, the authors of this report identified and characterized China’s grand strategy, analyzed its component national strategies (diplomacy, economics, science and technology, and military affairs), and assessed how successful China might be at implementing these over the next three decades.
Download or read book China s Evolving Military Strategy written by Joe McReynolds and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-01-10 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roughly once every generation, a powerful, highly influential organization within the Chinese People's Liberation Army releases a new edition of the Science of Military Strategy (SMS), a comprehensive and authoritative study which details the strategic approach that the Chinese military will take in the coming years in response to the threats and challenges facing China. The recent release of a new edition of SMS signals the potential for dramatic shifts in the PLA's approach to a number of strategic questions, but the book remains underutilized by many Western China analysts due to the lack of both an English translation and expert analysis to place these changes into context. China's Evolving Military Strategy aims to bring knowledge of these important developments to a mass audience of China watchers, policymakers, and the broader foreign policy community by providing a sector-by-sector analysis of changes in the PLA's thinking and approach from the previous edition of SMS to the present. Each chapter addresses the implications for a different portion of the Chinese military, ranging from the air, sea, and space domains to cyberspace and electromagnetic warfare, and each is written by one of the world's foremost experts on that subsection of China's military development. China's Evolving Military Strategy will serve as the cornerstone reference for a generation to come on one of China's most important declarations of its military-strategic goals and intentions.
Download or read book China Military Power written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book China s Strategic Modernization Implications for the United States written by Mark A. Stokes and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional wisdom portrays the People's Republic of China (PRC) People's Liberation Army (PLA) as a backward continental force that will not pose a military challenge to its neighbors or to the United States well into the 21st century. PLA writings that demonstrate interest in exploiting the revolution in military affairs (RMA) are dismissed by a large segment of the PLA- watching community as wistful fantasies. The author offers an alternative perspective by outlining emerging PLA operational concepts and a range of research and development projects that appear to have been heavily influenced by U.S. and Russian writings on the RMA. Fulfillment of the PLA's vision for the 21st century could have significant repercussions for U.S. interests in the Asia-Pacific region.
Download or read book Active Defense written by M. Taylor Fravel and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What changes in China's modern military policy reveal about military organizations and strategySince the 1949 Communist Revolution, China has devised nine different military strategies, which the People's Liberation Army (PLA) calls "strategic guidelines." What accounts for these numerous changes? Active Defense offers the first systematic look at China's military strategy from the mid-twentieth century to today. Exploring the range and intensity of threats that China has faced, M. Taylor Fravel illuminates the nation's past and present military goals and how China sought to achieve them, and offers a rich set of cases for deepening the study of change in military organizations.Drawing from diverse Chinese-language sources, including memoirs of leading generals, military histories, and document collections that have become available only in the last two decades, Fravel shows why transformations in military strategy were pursued at certain times and not others. He focuses on the military strategies adopted in 1956, 1980, and 1993-when the PLA was attempting to wage war in a new kind of way-to show that China has pursued major change in its strategic guidelines when there has been a significant shift in the conduct of warfare in the international system and when China's Communist Party has been united.Delving into the security threats China has faced over the last seven decades, Active Defense offers a detailed investigation into how and why states alter their defense policies.
Download or read book China s Strategic Support Force written by John Costello and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-10-11 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In late 2015, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) initiated reforms that have brought dramatic changes to its structure, model of warfighting, and organizational culture, including the creation of a Strategic Support Force (SSF) that centralizes most PLA space, cyber, electronic, and psychological warfare capabilities. The reforms come at an inflection point as the PLA seeks to pivot from land-based territorial defense to extended power projection to protect Chinese interests in the "strategic frontiers" of space, cyberspace, and the far seas. Understanding the new strategic roles of the SSF is essential to understanding how the PLA plans to fight and win informationized wars and how it will conduct information operations.
Download or read book Military civil Fusion Terminology written by Alex Stone and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Traditional Military Thinking and the Defensive Strategy of China written by Jijun Li and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an address given at the U.S. Army War College, the author, Vice President of the Academy of Military Science of the People's Republic of China, set the foundation for a future relationship between the two professional military education institutions. In support of China's policies of 'reform and opening up, ' the People's Liberation Army is actively seeking military-to-military relations with other nations, particularly with the United States. Aware of this historic juncture, the author delivered his address in the spirit of increased Sino-American dialogue and cooperation. The speech is interesting for what it tells us not only about Chinese strategy, but how the Chinese government views threats to its national security.
Download or read book Chinese Civil Military Relations written by Nan Li and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new book addresses three key issues: What has changed in Chinese civil-military relations? What can account for changes? And what are the implications for Chinese security policy and strategic behaviour? It tackles these questions by sharply assessing civil-military dynamics in elite politics; such dynamics in national security and arms control policy; relations between commanders and political commissars; relations between the PLA and society; civil-military dynamics regarding defence economics and logistics; and such dynamics regarding dual-use technologies and defence industry. These analyses build into the central theme that the emphasis of Chinese civil-military relations is shifting from politics to military tasks. This is an extremely important new development by a nation many predict to become a super power in the twenty-first century. This is therefore essential reading for all students and scholars of strategic and security studies, Chinese studies and international relations.
Download or read book The Chinese Navy written by and published by Smashbooks. This book was released on 2012 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Learning from the Stones written by David Lai and published by Strategic Studies Institute. This book was released on 2004 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chinese Army Building in the Era of Jiang Zemin written by Andrew Scobell and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To many in the United States, China looms large and threatening. This monograph attempts to answer, through an analysis of China s defense establishment under the leadership of Jiang Zemin, questions such as: What are the national security and national military goals of China s leaders? What strategies are Chinese leaders considering in pursuit of these goals? What is the likelihood that these goals will be attained? It assesses the political and economic determinants of China s effort to modernize its armed forces. Four possible strategies are outlined: (1) playing the superpower game," (2) playing to its strengths," (3) changing the rules of the game," or (4) don t play that game." The factors that will determine the selection of a strategy are examined. The most likely strategy is identified and its outcome of evaluated. Lastly, the implications of the study for the U.S. defense community are addressed.
Download or read book Chinese Civil Military Relations in the Post Deng Era Implications for Crisis Management and Naval Modernization written by U. S. Naval College and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China Maritime Studies No. 4. Addresses two analytical questions: What has changed in Chinese civil Military relations during the post-Deng Xiaoping era? What are the implications of this change for China's crisis management and its naval modernization? Why are these important? Addressing these questions is important for three major reasons. 1) First, because the People's Liberation Army (PLA) is a party army, it is commonly assumed that its pri- mary function is domestic politics-that is, to participate in party leadership factional politics and to defend the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) against political opposition from Chinese society. For the past twenty years, however, the PLA has not been em- ployed by such party leaders as Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao against political opposition from either the CCP or Chinese society. The PLA's ground force, which is manpower- intensive and therefore the most appropriate service for domestic politics, has been continuously downsized. Technology and capital-intensive services that are appropriate for force projection to the margins of China and beyond and for strategic deterrence but are inappropriate for domestic politics-such as the PLA Navy (PLAN), the PLA Air Force (PLAAF), and the Second Artillery (the strategic missile force)-have been more privileged in China's military modernization drive. This study, by examining change in Chinese civil-military relations, undertakes to resolve this analytical puzzle. 2) Second, China's civil-military interagency coordination in crisis management during the post-Deng era has remained an area of speculation, for lack of both information and careful analysis. By analyzing change in Chinese civil-military relations, this study aims to shed some light on this analytical puzzle as well. 3) Finally, the PLAN (PLA Navy) was previously marginalized within the PLA, partly because the lat- ter was largely preoccupied with domestic issues and politics, where the PLAN is not especially useful. By exploring change in Chinese civil-military relations, this study also attempts to explain why during the post-Deng era the PLAN has become more impor- tant in China's military policy. Students participating in Chinese studies classroom assignments may be interested in this volume for research. This work may also be of interest to military and political science students as well as military historians, military strategists, and political science scholars.