Download or read book Child Care and Adult Crime written by Brian Minty and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Juvenile Crime Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Download or read book Family Life Delinquency and Crime written by Kevin N. Wright and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes how positive parental involvement deters delinquent behavior while its absence -- or worse, its negative counterpart -- fosters misconduct. Researchers conclude that children raised in supportive, affectionate, and accepting homes are less likely to become deviant.
Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.
Download or read book Crime and Justice written by Tonry Morris and published by . This book was released on 1981-04 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded in 1977 by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head, Williams F1 represents the last of the true independent teams; a company devoid of corporate dogma and run by enthusiasts driven by a love of racing and the satisfaction that comes with beating the rest of the world. Since its first Grand Prix victory at Silverstone on 14 July 1919, the team has won a further 116 GPs, delivered seven World Champions—among them Nigel Mansell and Damon Hill—and won nine Constructors Championships. This is the definitive history of the Williams team as told by those who have worked for Williams past and present. At the heart of the book are Sir Frank's personal recollections, along with memories and anecdotes from those at every level: from the shop floor to the upper strata of management; from the mechanics and machinists to the drivers—Mansell, Hill, Alain Prost, and Alan Jones among them. It relates both the incredible highs of winning against the odds while never shying the terrible lows—the tragic deaths of Piers Courage in 1970 and Ayrton Senna in 1994 among them. Conveying the history and soul of a unique band of people, Williams F1 explains exactly why the Williams team is held in more affection than any other team in Britain, if not the world.
Download or read book Prospective Studies of Crime and Delinquency written by K.T. van Dusen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1983-07-31 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Katherine Teilmann Van Dusen and Sarnoff A. Mednick This introduction delineates what we consider to be three of the most important impediments to the advance of knowledge in the field of criminology. The most fundamental need is for more studies of the nature and progress of criminal and delinquent careers. The second need is for more prospective, longitudinal studies of the etiology of crime and delinquency. The third need concerns the lack of interdisciplinary research toward a more integrated understanding of delinquent and criminal behavior. Criminal and Delinquent Careers The birth cohort study by Wolfgang, Figlio and Sellin (1972) was heralded by many (Farrington, 1973; Erickson, 1973; Weis, 1974) as a landmark which allowed researchers to study the course of delinquency without the usual sampling biases that plagued other, cross-sectional research. For the first time, we could get a reasonable picture of when delinquency usually starts, what proportion of the population engages in delinquency, what types of delinquencies they engage in, what proportion continue, and so on. Cross sectional studies do not permit the investigation of careers because cross 1 PROSPECTIVE STUDIES OF CRIME AND DELINQUENCY 2 sectional sampling includes only portions of careers for many of the individuals sampled. This is just one of the many problems that restricted researchers' ability to study the nature of criminal careers.
Download or read book Juvenile Arrests 2007 written by Charles Puzzanchera and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report serves to assess the Nation¿s progress in addressing juvenile crime. The 2007 data bring some welcome news, as the recent trend of modest increases in juvenile arrests in 2005 and 2006 has been broken. The good news is reflected not only in the 2% decline in overall juvenile arrests and the 3% decline in juvenile arrests for violent crimes from 2006 to 2007 but also in the data for most offense categories, for males and females, and for white and minority youth. However, one area that merits continued attention is disproportionate minority contact with the juvenile justice system. For example, the arrest rate for robbery among black juveniles was more than 10 times that for white youth in 2007. Charts and tables.
Download or read book The Cycle of Violence written by Cathy Spatz Widom and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rage of Innocence written by Kristin Henning and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brilliant analysis of the foundations of racist policing in America: the day-to-day brutalities, largely hidden from public view, endured by Black youth growing up under constant police surveillance and the persistent threat of physical and psychological abuse "Storytelling that can make people understand the racial inequities of the legal system, and...restore the humanity this system has cruelly stripped from its victims.” —New York Times Book Review Drawing upon twenty-five years of experience representing Black youth in Washington, D.C.’s juvenile courts, Kristin Henning confronts America’s irrational, manufactured fears of these young people and makes a powerfully compelling case that the crisis in racist American policing begins with its relationship to Black children. Henning explains how discriminatory and aggressive policing has socialized a generation of Black teenagers to fear, resent, and resist the police, and she details the long-term consequences of racism that they experience at the hands of the police and their vigilante surrogates. She makes clear that unlike White youth, who are afforded the freedom to test boundaries, experiment with sex and drugs, and figure out who they are and who they want to be, Black youth are seen as a threat to White America and are denied healthy adolescent development. She examines the criminalization of Black adolescent play and sexuality, and of Black fashion, hair, and music. She limns the effects of police presence in schools and the depth of police-induced trauma in Black adolescents. Especially in the wake of the recent unprecedented, worldwide outrage at racial injustice and inequality, The Rage of Innocence is an essential book for our moment.
Download or read book Juveniles in Adult Prisons and Jails written by James Austin and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepared by the Institute on Crime, Justice and Corrections at the George Washington University and the National Council on Crime and Delinquency.
Download or read book National Criminal Justice Thesaurus written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Children Care and Crime written by Alison Gerard and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-11-02 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The historical context of colonisation situates the analysis in Children, Care and Crime of the involvement of children with care experience in the criminal justice system in an Australian jurisdiction (New South Wales), focusing on residential care, policing, the provision of legal services and interactions in the Children’s Court. While the majority of children in care do not have contact with the criminal justice system, this book explores why those with care experience, and Indigenous children, are over-represented in this system. Drawing on findings from an innovative, mixed-method study – court observations, file reviews and qualitative interviews – the book investigates historical and contemporary processes of colonisation and criminalisation. The book outlines the impact of trauma and responses to trauma, including inter-generational trauma caused by policies of colonisation and criminalisation. It then follows a child’s journey through the continuum of care to the criminal justice system, examining data at each stage including the residential care environment, interactions with police, the provision of legal services and experiences at the Children’s Court. Drawing together an analysis of the gendered and racialised treatment of women and girls with care experience in the criminal justice system, the book particularly focuses on legacies of forced removal and apprenticeship which targeted Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and girls. Through analysing what practices from England and Wales might offer the NSW context, our findings are enriched by further reflection on how decriminalisation pathways might be imagined. While there have been many policy initiatives developed to address criminalisation, in all parts of the study little evidence was found of implementation and impact. To conclude, the book examines the way that ‘hope tropes’ are regularly deployed in child protection and criminal justice to dangle the prospect of reform, and even to produce pockets of success, only to be whittled away by well-worn pathways to routine criminalisation. The conclusion also considers what a transformative agenda would look like and how monitoring and accountability mechanisms are key to new ways of operating. Finally, the book explores strengths-based approaches and how they might take shape in the child protection and criminal justice systems. Children, Care and Crime is aimed at researchers, lawyers and criminal justice practitioners, police, Judges and Magistrates, policy-makers and those working in child protection, the criminal justice system or delivering services to children or adults with care experience. The research is multidisciplinary and therefore will be of broad appeal to the criminology, law, psychology, sociology and social work disciplines. The book is most suitable for undergraduate courses focusing on youth justice and policing, and postgraduates researching in this field.
Download or read book Secure Accommodation in Child Care written by Robert Harris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For some children secure accommodation seems to be the only way to control their disparate number of "problems". But why is this so, and from what criteria do social work professionals decide that a child should be put into secure accommodation? In Secure Accommodation in Child Care the authors use an empirical study of secure accommodation as a basis for an analysis of the relations between the state, the family and the "difficult" child. By looking at court procedures, social workers and the children themselves they explain how professionals and children make sense of their worlds, and how they translate that "sense" into personal or professional action. Secure Accommodation in Child Care is essential reading for social service managers, social policy makers, social workers and health care professionals as well as for students and lecturers of social policy and social work.
Download or read book Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873)
Download or read book From Juvenile Delinquency to Adult Crime written by Rolf Loeber and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-06-21 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What makes a juvenile delinquent develop into an adult criminal? Edited by two leading authorities in the fields of psychology and criminology, this title examines why the period of transition to adulthood is important and how it can be better understood and addressed both inside and outside of the justice system.
Download or read book Combining Substance Abuse Treatment with Intermediate Sanctions for Adults in the Criminal Justice System written by Anna Marsh and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Treatment Improvement Protocol prepared to facilitate the transfer of state-of-the-art protocols and guidelines for the treatment of alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse from acknowledged clinical, research, and administrative experts to the Nation's AOD abuse treatment resources. Includes: introduction and purpose; an overview of the criminal justice system; the AOD abuse treatment system; combining AOD abuse treatment and intermediate sanctions; issues in combining treatment and intermediate sanctions; planning: approaches for developing policy; and ethical and legal issues. Bibliography. Costing issues. Cultural competence.
Download or read book Abecedarian written by Craig T. Ramey and published by Sociometrics Corporation. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a history and practical guide about The Abecedarian Project, an early education experiment launched in 1971 and then replicated in multiple other studies. The Abecedarian Approach is evidence-informed and "total child" in the way it promotes learning and positive academic and social outcomes for children who begin life "at risk" due to social or biological factors. The Abecedarian Project is a landmark study conducted in Chapel Hill, North Carolina with 111 children born into extremely impoverished life circumstances. The intervention involved intensive learning and social-emotional supports, starting in infancy and continuing until at least kindergarten entry, for children and their families. For the first-time ever, this book brings together all of the key details of this scientific and educational project so that community leaders, educators, policymakers, and parents know exactly what the "Abecedarian Approach" means. This book provides a down-to-earth blueprint for how to use and adapt the Abecedarian Approach for different groups of children and families living in many diverse communities in today's rapidly changing world. The book emphasizes how to actively engage young children and their families so that children receive the full range of enriching, growth-promoting experiences they need to be well-prepared for school entry and later achievement in academic and personal-social areas. The Abecedarian Approach has been used successfully in center-based care, home visiting programs, family day homes, and public school pre-K settings. Today, the Abecedarian Approach is one of the few evidence-based, proven programs that integrates basic principles of human learning and development into a fun, affordable, and effective approach to early childhood education. Reviews for the book include:"For the first time, by the foremost scholars and originators of Abecedarian, we have a top-notch, thorough review of its efforts and accomplishments that is both comprehensive and comprehensible. Laden with the extraordinary insight and vision that characterizes Abecedarian itself, this volume retells the inside story of America's leading effort to implement and evaluate our nation's premier program for young children and families. Practitioners, policy makers, and scholars will find this an outstanding, eminently usable, and indispensable recapitulation of what we thought we knew....but didn't really!!! It's the inside "take" on a national effort in which we all should take great pride." -Sharon Lynn Kagan, EdD, Virginia and Leonard Marx Professor of Early Childhood and Family Policy; Co-Director, National Center for Children & Families; Professor Adjunct, Yale Child Study Center, Yale University "Abecedarian: The Ideas, the Approach, and the Findings is a book of enormous historical and contemporary significance because it clearly provides the "why" and the "what" behind the findings of Abecedarian's remarkable success in helping children thrive. It is must reading for every early childhood educator and for all who care about children's futures." -Ellen Galinsky, President, Families and Work Institute; Author, Mind in the Making "Over the past few decades, the findings from the Abecedarian Project have been so useful in educating legislators and the business community about the importance of high quality programs and supports for young children and their families. Now, educators and researchers get to hear the whole story surrounding the approach and research. If policymakers, including legislators and school board members, would read and act upon what they learn from this book, our youngest, most venerable children would all have a chance to be successful in life. A MUST READ for all of us!" -Kathy R. Thornburg, PhD, Director, Center for Family Policy & Research, University of Missouri
