Download or read book Characterization and analysis of asymmetric hollow fiber membranes for natural gas purification in the presence of hydrocarbons written by Gunaidi Djoekita and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Carbon Membrane Technology written by Xuezhong He and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon membranes have great advantages of strong mechanical strength and high chemical stabilities, as well as high separation performance to reach the industrial attractive region. Further improvement on membrane performance can potentially offset the relatively high production cost compared to polymeric membranes. However, there are still some challenges related to fabrication of asymmetric carbon membranes, the controlling of structure and pore-size and module up-scaling for commercial application. The aim of this book is to provide the fundamentals on carbon membrane materials for the young researchers and engineers to develop frontier membrane materials for energy efficient separation process. This book describes the status and perspectives of both self-supported and supported carbon membranes from fundamentals to applications. The key steps on the development of high performance carbon membranes including precursor selection, tuning carbon membrane structure and regeneration are discussed. In the end, different potential applications both in gas and liquids separation are well described, and the future directions for carbon membrane development were pointed out. To this end, membrane science and engineering are set to play crucial roles as enabling technologies to provide energy efficient and cost-effective future solutions for energy and environment related processes. Based on this approach the research projects which are trying to find attractive carbon materials in our days are many. The published papers, per year, in the topic of carbon membranes, especially for biogas upgrading, natural gas sweetening and hydrogen purification, are numerous with very high impact. However, only few are the books which include relevant to the topic of carbon membrane technology. This book offers the condensed and interdisciplinary knowledge on carbon membranes, and provides the opportunity to the scientists who are working in the field of carbon membrane technology for gas and liquid separations to present, share, and discuss their contributions within the membrane community.

Download or read book Formation and characterization of asymmetric polyimide hollow fiber membranes for gas separations written by Dominic Thomas Clausi and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thermally Crosslinked Polyimide Hollow Fiber Membranes for Natural Gas Purification written by Chien-Chiang Chen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robust industrially relevant membranes for CO2 removal from aggressive natural gas feed streams were developed and characterized. Asymmetric hollow fiber membranes with defect-free selective skin layers on an optimized porous support substructure were successfully spun and subsequently stabilized by covalent crosslinking within the economical membrane formation process. Thermal treatment conditions, which promote sufficient crosslinking without introducing defects or undesired substructure resistance, were identified. It was found that crosslinking improves membrane efficiency and plasticization resistance as well as mechanical strength of fibers. The capability to maintain attractive separation performance under realistic operating conditions and durability against deleterious impurities suggests that the crosslinked fibers have great potential for use in diverse aggressive applications, even beyond the CO2/CH4 example explored in this work.

Download or read book Mixed Matrix Dual Layer Hollow Fiber Membranes for Natural Gas Separation written by Shabbir Husain and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed matrix membranes offer an attractive route to the development of high performance and efficiency membranes required for demanding gas separations. Such membranes combine the advantageous processing characteristics of polymers with the excellent separation productivity and efficiency of molecular sieving materials. This research explores the development of mixed matrix membranes, namely in the form of asymmetric hollow fiber membranes using zeolites as the molecular sieving phase and commercially available high performance polymers as the continuous matrix. Lack of adhesion between the typically hydrophobic polymer and the hydrophilic native zeolite surface is a major hurdle impeding the development of mixed matrix membranes. Silane coupling agents have been used successfully to graft polymer chains to the surface of the zeolite to increase compatibility with the bulk polymer in dense films. However, transitioning from a dense film to an asymmetric structure typically involves significant processing changes, the most important among them being the use of phase separation to form the asymmetric porous structure. During the phase separation, it is believed that hydrophilic sieves can act as nucleating agents for the hydrophilic polymer lean phase. Such nucleation tendencies are believed to lead to the formation of gaps between the polymer and sieve resulting in poor mixed matrix performance. This research focuses on defining procedures and parameters to form successful mixed matrix hollow fiber membranes. The first part of this dissertation describes dope mixing procedures and unsuccessful results obtained using a silane coupling agent to enhance polymer-zeolite adhesion. The next section follows the development of a highly successful surface modification technique, discovered by the author, employing the use of a Grignard reagent. As a test case, two zeolites of different silicon-to-aluminum ratios are successfully modified and used to develop mixed matrix membranes with greatly increased gas separation efficiencies. The broad applicability of the surface treatment is also demonstrated by the successful incorporation of the modified zeolites in a second polymer matrix. The final section of the work describes the novel occurrence of large defects (macrovoids) caused by the presence of large zeolite particles proposing a particle size effect in the formation of such defects.

Download or read book Metal organic Framework Membranes For Molecular Gas Separations written by Moises A Carreon and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique compendium describes research progress on metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes for different relevant industrial gas separations. Specifically, the book focuses mainly on gas separations which are important in flue gas treatment, natural gas purification, hydrogen purification, and nuclear reprocessing. The advantages of using MOFs in mixed matrix membranes are discussed. Some of the pressing challenges in the field, and strategies to potentially overcome them are also distinctly outlined.This volume is a useful reference materials for professionals, academics, researchers and postgraduate students in chemical engineering and materials engineering.

Download or read book Optimization of Asymmetric Hollow Fiber Membranes for Natural Gas Separation written by Canghai Ma and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compared to the conventional amine adsorption process to separate CO2 from natural gas, the membrane separation technology has exhibited advantages in easy operation and lower capital cost. However, the high CO2 partial pressure in natural gas can plasticize the membranes, which can lead to the loss of CH4 and low CO2/CH4 separation efficiency. Crosslinking of polymer membranes have been proven effective to increase the CO2 induced plasticization resistance by controlling the degree of swelling and segmental chain mobility in the polymer. This thesis focuses on extending the success of crosslinking to more productive asymmetric hollow fibers. In this work, the productivity of asymmetric hollow fibers was optimized by reducing the effective selective skin layer thickness. Thermal crosslinking and catalyst assisted crosslinking were performed on the defect-free thin skin hollow fibers to stabilize the fibers against plasticization. The natural gas separation performance of hollow fibers was evaluated by feeding CO2/CH4 gas mixture with high CO2 content and pressure.

Download or read book Hollow Fiber Membranes written by Tai-Shung Chung and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hollow Fiber Membranes: Fabrication and Applications focuses on the fabrication and applications of hollow fiber membranes. The book amply discusses the fundamental theories and practical applications of hollow fiber membranes, covering membrane formation mechanisms, hollow fiber spinning techniques, and spinneret design and module fabrication. In addition, novel membrane processes and applications of hollow fiber membranes are introduced. Elaborates membrane formation mechanisms Illustrates novel hollow fiber fabrication techniques and processes Specifies practical spinneret design and module fabrication Reviews hollow fiber membranes spun from specialty polymers Discusses state-of-the-art hollow fiber membrane applications

Download or read book Gas Separation Membranes written by Ahmad Fauzi Ismail and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the tremendous progress that has been made in the development of gas separation membranes based both on inorganic and polymeric materials. Materials discussed include polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon based materials, zeolites, as well as other materials, and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) in which the above novel materials are incorporated. This broad survey of gas membranes covers material, theory, modeling, preparation, characterization (for example, by AFM, IR, XRD, ESR, Positron annihilation spectroscopy), tailoring of membranes, membrane module and system design, and applications. The book is concluded with some perspectives about the future direction of the field.

Download or read book Nanofiltration Membranes written by Lau Woei Jye and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering fabrication, characterization, and applications nanofiltration (NF) membranes, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the development of NF membrane technology over the past decade. It uniquely covers a variety of fabrication techniques, comparing the procedures of each technique to produce polymeric membranes of different morphologies. The book also discusses advances in the materials used in thin film composite (TFC) polyamide membrane fabrication and their influences on properties with respect to structural and separation characteristics. A comprehensive review on NF characterization methods and techniques is provided, assessing physical and chemical properties and separation characteristics and stability. Technical challenges in fabricating a new generation of NF membranes are also reviewed and the possible approaches to overcome the challenges are provided. The book concludes with relevant case studies on the use of NF membranes in industrial implementation of both aqueous and nonaqueous media. Details the latest progress on the fabrication techniques of asymmetric and composite NF membranes. Discusses characterization methods used in assessing membrane physical/chemical properties, separation characteristics, and performance stability. Describes the potential of advanced materials in improving properties of polyamide selective layer as well as microporous substrate. Reviews the technical challenges in fabricating a new generation of composite membrane—thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane—possible approaches to overcome challenges. Offers case studies on the applications of NF membranes for both aqueous and nonaqueous media.

Download or read book Inorganic Membranes Synthesis Characterization and Applications written by Reyes Mallada and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-05-01 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.480 pagesApprox.480 pages

Download or read book The Performance of Hollow Fiber Gas Separation Membranes in the Presence of an Aggressive Feed Stream written by William Clark Madden and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial utilization of polymeric gas separation membranes is predicted to increase significantly over the next 20 years. This growth will be driven by application of membrane based separations to increasingly aggressive feed streams. In this work, the performance of defect-free MatrimidRTM asymmetric hollow fiber membranes in the presence of high pressure carbon dioxide and trace levels of toluene and n-heptane in the feed stream are studied.

Download or read book Formation and characterization of hollow fiber membranes for gas separation written by Scott Andrew McKelvey and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Crosslinking Asymmetric Hollow Fiber Membranes for Improved Plasticization Resistance in Natural Gas Separations written by David Wallace and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes for Gas Separation written by Kelly Cristina Briceño Mejías and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane separations are simple, energy efficient processes, which can be economically competitive with traditional separation technologies. In the case of gas separation both dense and porous materials have been developed for different application where hydrogen production is one of the most important niches of development. Hydrogen is being one of the most important vectors to develop alternative clean power generation sources. Nowadays, a lot of processes require the fabrication of pure hydrogen for efficiency and better performance. Different materials have been reported as gas separation membranes but still numerous problems related to stability, cost and fabrication must be overcome. The actual goal is to achieve materials that report good separation properties in new type of configuration facing industrial applications. Carbon molecular sieve membranes (CMSM) achieve high separation factors and permeance values than polymeric membranes. During the last 30 years they have gained importance due to their excellent performance as gas separation membranes. However, most research work has been focused on flat or hollow fiber configurations and minor attention has been done to supported CMSM. The main reason is due the difficulties associated to fabricate a defect free membrane using a highly reproducible fabrication method that allow to obtain a carbon layer after one polymer precursor coating step. In tubular configuration, these hybrid membranes are suitable for scaling up towards industrial applications, being more competitive than commercial unsupported hollow fiber membranes and films, especially under high pressure and temperature. The main objective of this work was to explore alternative fabrication methods for the fabrication of supported CMSM. In order to achieve this objective polyimide was coated over inorganic supports using two different approaches. The two methods reported in this thesis were spinning-coating and dip-coating. The idea of spinning¬coating was adapted from fabrication of supported carbon planar film. In this work it was developed the same idea coating TiO2 tubular supports under rotation with polyimide (Matrimid®). The thickness of the carbon membranes was controlled adjusting the viscosity of the polymeric solution, and after an exhaustive solvent i elimination it was possible to obtain a defect free carbon membrane. The influence of methanol washing, pyrolysis temperature (550-700oC), and presence of the support allowed to extracting conclusions about the characteristics of the carbon material. Single gas permeance of H2, CO, CO2, N2, CH4 were obtained and ideal selectivity computed from this measurements indicated the presence of pinholes on the carbon membrane. However, the characterization of this carbon obtained after 550o and 700o C by adsorption-desorption analysis allowed to confirm the microporosity of the carbon layer. As an important contribution of this work the influence of the support as pore modifier of the carbon structure is presented after analysis of supported and unsupported samples. Different characterization techniques are presented and integrated in this work to analyze the microporous character of the carbon layer (immersion calorimetry, AFM) and to evaluate the mesoporous characteristics of the asymmetric membrane (liquid-liquid displacement porosimetry). An additional coating procedure with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was performed to decrease the influence of pinholes which caused a permeance decrease but increase on ideal selectivity values over Knudsen theoretical index. As a second fabrication technique, the modification of Al2O3 inorganic support allowed to achieve microporosity in the support that allowed the fabrication of CMSM by dip¬coating procedure. Similarly to the dip-coating method, viscosity and polymer concentration were optimized in order to achieve high ideal separation factors for hydrogen pairs. For the type of membranes obtained by this method single gas permeance of H2, He, CO2, O2, N2, CH4, Propane, n-butane, 1-butene, SF6 was performed. Influence of pyrolysis temperature, aging, non-solvent immersion, and support were also studied as pore modifier of the carbon membrane. However, for these membranes the characterization was focused on the effect on permeance and selectivity more than in the characterization of the material. The findings described in this PhD thesis open new perspectives for alternative fabrication techniques of CMSM. This work reports not only the permeance and selective properties of CMSM as the traditional approaches rule. Moreover, brings how each fabrication variable could affect the final properties of the membrane. Integration of structure and properties are presented as an alternative strategy to design new pore architecture on CMSM.

Download or read book Nanocomposite Membranes for Gas Separation written by Pei Sean Goh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-07 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of a new class of nanocomposite membranes has served as one of the most prominent strategies to address the intrinsic limitations of conventionally used polymeric and inorganic membranes. Nanocomposite membranes consist of nanosized inorganic nanomaterials that are incorporated into the structure of continuous polymer matrices. Owing to the exceptional properties exhibited by the nanomaterials, the resultant nanocomposite membranes demonstrate higher selectivity and permeability that surpass the Robeson upper boundary limit. Nanocomposite Membranes for Gas Separation provides a comprehensive review of the advances made in the development and application of gas separation nanocomposite membranes. In particular, the book covers the focuses on the fabrication, modification, characterization and applications of nanocomposite membranes for gas separation. It is an important reference source both for materials scientists, environmental engineers and chemical engineers who are looking to understand how nanocomposite membranes are being used to create better techniques for gas separation. - Provides detailed insights in the fabrication, modification, characterization and applications of nanocomposite membranes for gas separation - Shows how nanotechnology is being used to address current limitations of the development of polymeric and inorganic membranes for gas separation, including low separation performance in terms of permeability and selectivity - Explores the potential of nanocomposite membranes to help create more effective gas separation techniques

Download or read book Polyimide Membranes written by H Ohya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-01-30 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a first attempt to provide a general analysis of developments in polyimide membrane synthesis and applications. It will serve as a valuable reference for those with an interest in synthesis of polyimides, the chemistry and physical chemistry of polyimide compounds, the separation properties of membranes and in their preparation and application. It is intended as a summary of the current status of polyimide membrane research for the specialist as well as a teaching aid for graduate studies in polymer chemistry. The authors collaboration demonstrates the high level of scientific research in Russia and the active development of applied research in Japan.