Download or read book Space Time Reference Systems written by Michael Soffel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high accuracy of modern astronomical spatial-temporal reference systems has made them considerably complex. This book offers a comprehensive overview of such systems. It begins with a discussion of ‘The Problem of Time’, including recent developments in the art of clock making (e.g., optical clocks) and various time scales. The authors address the definitions and realization of spatial coordinates by reference to remote celestial objects such as quasars. After an extensive treatment of classical equinox-based coordinates, new paradigms for setting up a celestial reference system are introduced that no longer refer to the translational and rotational motion of the Earth. The role of relativity in the definition and realization of such systems is clarified. The topics presented in this book are complemented by exercises (with solutions). The authors offer a series of files, written in Maple, a standard computer algebra system, to help readers get a feel for the various models and orders of magnitude. Beyond astrometry, the main fields of application of high-precision astronomical spatial-temporal reference systems and frames are navigation (GPS, interplanetary spacecraft navigation) and global geodynamics, which provide a high-precision Celestial Reference System and its link to any terrestrial spatial-temporal reference system. Mankind’s urgent environmental questions can only be answered in the context of appropriate reference systems in which both aspects, space and time, are realized with a sufficiently high level of accuracy. This book addresses all those interested in high-precision reference systems and the various techniques (GPS, Very Long Baseline Interferometry, Satellite Laser Ranging, Lunar Laser Ranging) necessary for their realization, including the production and dissemination of time signals.
Download or read book Reference Frames written by Jean Kovalevsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book on reference systems is the first comprehensive review of the problem of celestial and terrestrial reference systems and frames. Over 20 years, the importance of this problem emerged slowly as the accuracy of new observational techniques improved. The topic has already been approached in several symposia such as Stresa (1967), Morioka (1971), Perth (1973), Columbus (1975, 1978 and 1985), Kiev (1977) and San Fernando (1978). Two IAU colloquia held in Turin (1974) and in Warsaw (1980) were exclusively devoted to discuss reference systems. During this time, the problem of terrestrial and celestial reference systems has been discussed also in many astronomical and geodetic symposia, but always among other topics. Thus, a review devoted solely to the definition and practical realization of such systems was needed. It is hoped that this book, containing modern comprehensive reviews of important facets of this problem will contribute not only to a better and wider understanding of the mathematics and the physics that are behind the concepts and the realizations, but also to future development in a field that can only expand with the rapidly increasing accuracy of geodetic and astronomical observations. We are pleased to thank all the authors of the book who have enthusiastically agreed to contribute to the book in their field of competence and have gracefully accepted guidance from the editors in the definition of the subject and of the interfaces with other chapters. We thank Prof. Y.
Download or read book Celestial Reference Systems An Overview written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper starts with a short presentation of the conceptual foundations of celestial reference systems and of the IAU decisions taken in 1991. The necessity to define and use them in the framework of General Relativity induces some difficulties that are analyzed. In the case of kinematically defined reference systems, the origins of a possible residual rotation of the frames is analyzed. The same analysis holds also for an isolated dynamical reference system, for which further developments of the metric are necessary. Finally, a few topics concerning the non-isolated case of the barycentric reference system, the transformation between reference systems, and the significance of measurements are mentioned.
Download or read book Precise Geodetic Infrastructure written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-25 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geodesy is the science of accurately measuring and understanding three fundamental properties of Earth: its geometric shape, its orientation in space, and its gravity field, as well as the changes of these properties with time. Over the past half century, the United States, in cooperation with international partners, has led the development of geodetic techniques and instrumentation. Geodetic observing systems provide a significant benefit to society in a wide array of military, research, civil, and commercial areas, including sea level change monitoring, autonomous navigation, tighter low flying routes for strategic aircraft, precision agriculture, civil surveying, earthquake monitoring, forest structural mapping and biomass estimation, and improved floodplain mapping. Recognizing the growing reliance of a wide range of scientific and societal endeavors on infrastructure for precise geodesy, and recognizing geodetic infrastructure as a shared national resource, this book provides an independent assessment of the benefits provided by geodetic observations and networks, as well as a plan for the future development and support of the infrastructure needed to meet the demand for increasingly greater precision. Precise Geodetic Infrastructure makes a series of focused recommendations for upgrading and improving specific elements of the infrastructure, for enhancing the role of the United States in international geodetic services, for evaluating the requirements for a geodetic workforce for the coming decades, and for providing national coordination and advocacy for the various agencies and organizations that contribute to the geodetic infrastructure.
Download or read book Reference Systems written by International Astronomical Union. Colloquium and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Astrometry written by Jean Kovalevsky and published by . This book was released on 2011-12-18 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text details the fundamentals of astrometry at milli- and micro-arcsecond accuracies.
Download or read book Definition of the celestial reference coordinate system in fundamental catalogues written by Walter Fricke and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relativistic Celestial Mechanics of the Solar System written by Sergei Kopeikin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-25 with total page 897 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative book presents the theoretical development of gravitational physics as it applies to the dynamics of celestial bodies and the analysis of precise astronomical observations. In so doing, it fills the need for a textbook that teaches modern dynamical astronomy with a strong emphasis on the relativistic aspects of the subject produced by the curved geometry of four-dimensional spacetime. The first three chapters review the fundamental principles of celestial mechanics and of special and general relativity. This background material forms the basis for understanding relativistic reference frames, the celestial mechanics of N-body systems, and high-precision astrometry, navigation, and geodesy, which are then treated in the following five chapters. The final chapter provides an overview of the new field of applied relativity, based on recent recommendations from the International Astronomical Union. The book is suitable for teaching advanced undergraduate honors programs and graduate courses, while equally serving as a reference for professional research scientists working in relativity and dynamical astronomy. The authors bring their extensive theoretical and practical experience to the subject. Sergei Kopeikin is a professor at the University of Missouri, while Michael Efroimsky and George Kaplan work at the United States Naval Observatory, one of the world?s premier institutions for expertise in astrometry, celestial mechanics, and timekeeping.
Download or read book The History of Celestial Navigation written by P. Kenneth Seidelmann and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-29 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume charts the history of celestial navigation over the course of five centuries. Written by a group of historians and scientists, it analyzes how competing navigation systems, technologies, and institutions emerged and developed, with a focus on the major players in the US and the UK. The history covers the founding of the Royal Observatory; the first printing of a Nautical Almanac; the founding of the US and UK Nautical Almanac Offices; the creation of international standards for reference systems and astronomical constants; and the impact of 20th century technology on the field, among other topics. Additionally, the volume analyzes the present role and status of celestial navigation, particularly with respect to modern radio and satellite navigation systems. With its diverse authorship and nontechnical language, this book will appeal to any reader interested in the history of science, technology, astronomy, and navigation over the ages.
Download or read book Astrometry of Fundamental Catalogues written by Hans G. Walter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-07-26 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Celestial fundamental catalogues are a prerequisite for the determination of absolute positions and motions in space. Presently, positional astrometry is at the watershed between classical fundamental catalogues, based on moving reference stars, and modern catalogues, based on extragalactic reference objects with non-measurable motion. This book addresses the concepts and methods of the respective construction techniques leading to the stellar frame of the FK5 (fifth fundamental catalogue) and to the newly adopted extragalactic radio reference frame, ICRF (international celestial reference frame), with its extension to optical wavelengths by the Hipparcos Catalogue. While principal outlines of meridian circle observations are given, emphasis is put in some detail on the VLBI technique as applied to astrometry, and to the observational techniques used in the Hipparcos mission, including the tie of the originally non-anchored rigid Hipparcos sphere into the ICRF.
Download or read book Astrometry of Fundamental Catalogues written by Hans G. Walter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Celestial fundamental catalogues are a prerequisite for the determination of absolute positions and motions in space. Presently, positional astrometry is at the watershed between classical fundamental catalogues, based on moving reference stars, and modern catalogues, based on extragalactic reference objects with non-measurable motion. This book addresses the concepts and methods of the respective construction techniques leading to the stellar frame of the FK5 (fifth fundamental catalogue) and to the newly adopted extragalactic radio reference frame, ICRF (international celestial reference frame), with its extension to optical wavelengths by the Hipparcos Catalogue. While principal outlines of meridian circle observations are given, emphasis is put in some detail on the VLBI technique as applied to astrometry, and to the observational techniques used in the Hipparcos mission, including the tie of the originally non-anchored rigid Hipparcos sphere into the ICRF.
Download or read book Geodetic Reference Frames written by Hermann Drewes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-22 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geodetic reference frames are the basis for The programme of the Symposium was divided three-dimensional, time dependent positioning according to the Sub-commissions, Projects in all global, regional and national networks, in and Study Groups of Commission 1 into eight cadastre, engineering, precise navigation, geo- general themes: information systems, geodynamics, sea level studies, and other geosciences. They are 1. Combination of space techniques necessary to consistently estimate unknown 2. Global reference frames and Earth rotation parameters using geodetic observations, e. g. , 3. Regional reference frames station coordinates, Earth orientation and 4. Interaction of terrestrial and celestial frames rotation parameters. Commission 1 “Reference 5. Vertical reference frames Frames” of the International Association of 6. Ionosphere modelling and analysis Geodesy (IAG) was established within the new 7. Satellite altimetry structure of IAG in 2003 with the mission to 8. Use of GNSS for reference frames study the fundamental scientific problems for the establishment of reference frames. One day of the Symposium was dedicated to a The principal objective of the scientific work joint meeting with the International Congress of the Commission is basic research on: of Federación Internationale des Géomètres - Definition, establishment, maintenance, and (FIG) and the INTERGEO congress of the improvement of geodetic reference frames. German Association of Surveying, Geo- - Advanced development of terrestrial and information and Land Management. The space observation techniques for this contributions presented at this meeting are purpose. integrated into these proceedings.
Download or read book Reference Frames for Applications in Geosciences written by Zuheir Altamimi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reference systems and frames are of primary importance for many Earth science applications, satellite navigation as well as for practical applications in geo-information. A precisely defined reference frame is needed for the quantification of, e.g. Earth rotation and its gravity field, global and regional sea level variation, tectonic motion and deformation, post-glacial rebound, geocenter motion, large scale deformation due to Earthquakes, local subsidence and other ruptures and crustal dislocations. All of these important scientific applications fundamentally depend on a truly global reference system that only space geodesy can realize. This volume details the proceedigns of the IAG Symposium REFAG2010 (Marne la Vallée, France, October 4-8, 2010) The primary scope of REFAG2010 was to address today’s achievements on theoretical concepts of reference systems and their practical implementations by individual space geodetic techniques and their combinations, underlying limiting factors, systematic errors and novel approaches for future improvements.
Download or read book Reference Coordinate Systems for Earth Dynamics written by E.M. Gaposchkin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 56th Colloquium of the International Astronomical Union held in Warsaw, Poland, September 8-12, 1980
Download or read book IERS Conventions 2003 written by International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Services and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Astronomy written by Cesare Barbieri and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a broad overview of foundational concepts, this second edition of Fundamentals of Astronomy covers topics ranging from spherical astronomy to reference systems, and celestial mechanics to astronomical photometry and spectroscopy. It expounds arguments of classical astronomy that provided the foundation for modern astrometry, whilst presenting the latest results of the very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) radio technique, optical interferometers and satellites such as Hipparcos and GAIA, and recent resolutions of the IAU and IERS regarding precession, forced and free nutation, and Earth figure and rotation. Concepts of general relativity are explored, such as the advance of Mercury’s perihelion, light deflection and black holes, in addition to the physical properties, orbits, and ephemerides of planets, comets and asteroids with an extension to visual binary stars orbital reconstruction. Extrasolar planets are also discussed, with reference to radial velocity and transits measurements by ground and space telescopes. Basic concepts of astronomical photometry, spectroscopy and polarimetry are given, including the influence of the terrestrial atmosphere. Classical works, such as Hipparchus, are mentioned in order to provide a flavor of the historical development of the field. It is an ideal textbook for undergraduate and graduate students studying astronomy, astrophysics, mathematics, and engineering. Supplementary and explanatory notes provide readers with references to additional material published in other literature and scientific journals, whilst solved and unsolved exercises allow students to review their understanding of the material. Features: Provides an introductory vision of arguments from spherical astronomy to celestial mechanics to astronomical photometry and spectroscopy Presents the information at an introductory level without sacrificing scientific rigor Fully updated throughout with the latest results in the field
Download or read book Circular written by United States Naval Observatory and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
