Download or read book Blue Carbon in Shallow Coastal Ecosystems written by Tomohiro Kuwae and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive and innovative understanding of the role of shallow coastal ecosystems in carbon cycling, particularly marine carbon sequestration. Incorporating a series of forward-looking chapters, the book combines thorough reviews of the global literature and regional assessments—mainly around the Indo-Pacific region and Japan—with global perspectives to provide a thorough assessment of carbon cycling in shallow coastal systems. It advocates the expansion of blue-carbon ecosystems (mangroves, seagrass meadows, and salt marshes) into macroalgal beds, tidal flats, coral reefs, and urbanized shallow waters, demonstrating the potential of these ecosystems as new carbon sinks. Moreover, it discusses not only topics that are currently the focus of blue-carbon studies, i.e., sedimentary carbon stock and accumulation rate, but also CO2 gas exchange between the atmosphere and shallow coastal ecosystems, carbon storage in the water column as refractory organic carbon, and off-site carbon storage. Including highly original contributions, this comprehensive work inspires research beyond the specific regions covered by the chapters. The suite of new concepts and approaches is refreshing and demonstrates that blue-carbon research is indeed a vibrant new field of research, providing deep insights into neglected aspects of carbon cycling in the marine environment. At the same time the book provides guidance for policy makers to deliver benefits to society, for example the inclusion of blue carbon as a carbon offset scheme or the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in the Paris Agreement, and also for building resilience in coastal socio-ecosystems through better management. This book is intended for all those interested in the science and management of coastal ecosystems.

Download or read book Climate Intervention written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The signals are everywhere that our planet is experiencing significant climate change. It is clear that we need to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from our atmosphere if we want to avoid greatly increased risk of damage from climate change. Aggressively pursuing a program of emissions abatement or mitigation will show results over a timescale of many decades. How do we actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to make a bigger difference more quickly? As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses CDR, the carbon dioxide removal of greenhouse gas emissions from the atmosphere and sequestration of it in perpetuity. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration introduces possible CDR approaches and then discusses them in depth. Land management practices, such as low-till agriculture, reforestation and afforestation, ocean iron fertilization, and land-and-ocean-based accelerated weathering, could amplify the rates of processes that are already occurring as part of the natural carbon cycle. Other CDR approaches, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration, direct air capture and sequestration, and traditional carbon capture and sequestration, seek to capture CO2 from the atmosphere and dispose of it by pumping it underground at high pressure. This book looks at the pros and cons of these options and estimates possible rates of removal and total amounts that might be removed via these methods. With whatever portfolio of technologies the transition is achieved, eliminating the carbon dioxide emissions from the global energy and transportation systems will pose an enormous technical, economic, and social challenge that will likely take decades of concerted effort to achieve. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration will help to better understand the potential cost and performance of CDR strategies to inform debate and decision making as we work to stabilize and reduce atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide.

Download or read book Blue Carbon written by C. Nellemann and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2009 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report explores the potential for mitigating the impacts of climate change by improved management and protection of marine ecosystems and especially the vegetated coastal habitat, or blue carbon sinks. The objective of this report is to highlight the critical role of the oceans and ocean ecosystems in maintaining our climate and in assisting policy makers to mainstream an oceans agenda into national and international climate change initiatives. While emissions' reductions are currently at the centre of the climate change discussions, the critical role of the oceans and ocean ecosystems has been vastly overlooked.

Download or read book Blue Carbon written by Daniel M. Alongi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-18 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work summarizes the science and management of a rapidly expanding topic in climate science, namely adaptation and mitigation. The term 'blue carbon' refers to the rates, pathways and volumes of greenhouse carbon sequestered in coastal estuarine and marine ecosystems such as salt marshes, mangroves and seagrass meadows. Blue carbon and its vital role in climate change mitigation are central to this book. Readers find summaries and analysis of both the basic scientific data and data from blue carbon field projects, and a practical guide on how to manage a successful blue carbon field project. There is a discussion on how to maximize the carbon sequestration and consideration of whether blue carbon projects make a difference. The work is not only of interest to scholars involved in climate science, but also those in the marine sciences, and those in ecosystem ecology, biogeochemistry; geochemistry; estuarine and marine plant ecology.

Download or read book Carbon Sequestration Rates in Coastal Blue Carbon Ecosystems written by Ariane Arias Ortiz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recentment s'ha descobert que els ecosistemes costaners, també coneguts com a embornals de carboni blau (praderies de fanerògames marines, manglars i marjals) igualen o fins i tot superen la capacitat dels ecosistemes terrestres per a segrestar carboni. Aquest fet ha conduït al desenvolupament d'una prometedora estratègia per a la mitigació del canvi climàtic, anomenada "Blue Carbon", basada en la conservació i la restauració d'aquests hàbitats. No obstant això, la inclusió del segrest de carboni blau com a component en els plans i polítiques per a la mitigació del canvi climàtic requereix determinar amb precisió la quantitat de carboni orgànic (CO) retingut en aquests ecosistemes, com s'acumula amb el temps, i quin és el seu destí si els embornals de carboni blau es veuen degradats. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi se centra en respondre aquestes preguntes quantificant les taxes d'acumulació de CO en els sediments d'ecosistemes costaners naturals i degradats de praderies marines i manglars. Per fer-ho, utilitzem la radiocronologia de sediments costaners utilitzant el 210Pb i n'avaluem els seus potencials i limitacions. Contribuïm amb l'anàlisi de 167 noves taxes d'acumulació de CO en sediments de praderies marines per avaluar la seva contribució al segrest de carboni a l'oceà i determinem el risc de pèrdua dels dipòsits de CO emmagatzemats als sediments de praderies marines i boscos de manglars després de la seva pertorbació. Els resultats fan reconsiderar alguns dels paradigmes acceptats a la ciència del "blue carbon": que els estocs de CO constitueixen una mesura de l'eficiència del seu segrest, que les taxes de segrest de carboni a praderies marines són ordres de magnitud superiors a les dels boscos terrestres, o que la pertorbació dels hàbitats dona com a resultat la pèrdua de la major part o la totalitat de l'estoc de CO prèviament segrestat. Globalment, vam trobar que les taxes de sedimentació als embornals de carboni blau determinen més acuradament l'eficiència de segrest de CO, independentment de la quantitat de CO als seus sediments. Tenint en compte les incerteses associades a la tècnica del 210Pb, hem estimat que les taxes de segrest de CO als sediments de les praderies marines oscil·len entre 20 i 30 g C m-2 yr-1 (o 6 -18 Tg C yr-1, globalment). Això suposa un rebaixa de 7 vegades el segrest reconegut anteriorment. Tanmateix, les estimacions revisades, encara són extraordinàriament elevades. A escala global, l'enterrament anual de CO en sediments de praderies marines contribueix entre el 4 i el 8% del CO total enterrat a l'oceà, àdhuc i ocupar menys del 0,1% de la seva superfície. La degradació dels ecosistemes costaners causa la pèrdua del CO emmagatzemat a un ritme molt més elevat que el del seu segrest. Això pot succeir en el transcurs de mesos a anys, depenent del tipus de pertorbació i de la grandària dels dipòsits de CO. Tant la pèrdua de praderies a causa d'una onada de calor marina a Austràlia, i la desforestació de manglars a Madagascar van causar pèrdues d'entre el 4 i el 20% (a les praderies) i del 20% (als manglars) del CO emmagatzemat en el primer metre de sediment després de 3 i 10 anys de la pertorbació. En tots dos estudis, les taxes de pèrdua de CO en hàbitats degradats van ser varies (> 4) vegades superiors a les taxes de retenció de CO sota condicions intactes, la qual cosa suggereix que el potencial real per a mitigar les emissions de carboni està en la conservació dels embornals de carboni blau existents i en la immediata restauració dels ecosistemes degradats per a així evitar emissions de gasos d'efecte hivernacle addicionals i rebaixar els costos de mitigació.

Download or read book A Blue Carbon Primer written by Lisamarie Windham-Myers and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key features: Captures the historic context and recent developments in science and policy arenas that address the potential for coastal wetlands to be considered as significant contributors to carbon sequestration Links multiple levels of science (biogeochemistry, geomorphology, paleoclimate, etc.) with blue carbon concepts (science, policy, mapping, operationalization, economics) in a single compendium Concludes with a discussion of future directions which covers integrated scientific approaches, impending threats and specific gaps in current knowledge Includes 7 case studies from across the globe that demonstrate the benefits and challenges of blue carbon accounting Written by over 100 leading global blue carbon experts in science and policy. Blue Carbon has emerged as a term that represents the distinctive carbon stocks and fluxes into or out of coastal wetlands such as marshes, mangroves, and seagrasses. The Blue Carbon concept has rapidly developed in science literature and is highly relevant politically, as nations and markets are developing blue carbon monitoring and management tools and policies. This book is a comprehensive and current compendium of the state of the science, the state of maps and mapping protocols, and the state of policy incentives (including economic valuation of blue carbon), with additional sections on operationalizing blue carbon projects and 7 case studies with global relevance.

Download or read book The Management of Natural Coastal Carbon Sinks written by Dan Laffoley and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book World Atlas of Seagrasses written by Frederick T. Short and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seagrasses are a vital and widespread but often overlooked coastal marine habitat. This volume provides a global survey of their distribution and conservation status.

Download or read book Incorporating blue carbon into Nationally Determined Contributions written by Pham, T.T. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2019-12-31 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key messagesThis infobrief discusses the status, opportunities and challenges of incorporating blue carbon into the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) of 13 Asia-Pacific countries (Bangladesh, Cambodia, Fiji, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vanuatu and Vietnam). While the role of mangroves is fully recognized in all countries' climate-change and environmental policies, only three (Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines) explicitly referred to blue carbon terminology in their policies and established a national agency responsible for the development of a blue carbon strategy.The challenges associated with incorporating and implementing blue carbon into the NDCs of these 13 countries include a lack of data and standard methodology; weak technical capacity; a lack of coordination between government agencies and sectors; overlapping mandates and inconsistent policies; the increasing degradation of coastal wetland ecosystems; as well as funding constraints for developing and implementing policies and practices in programs focusing on the conservation of blue carbon ecosystems.Nevertheless, opportunities exist as stakeholders increase their understanding and awareness of blue carbon's role and importance at an international, national and sub-national level.The factors that can help stakeholders to seize these opportunities and contribute to the restoration of blue ecosystems include more policy and technical guidance for blue carbon management and reporting; further capacity enhancement; and improved coordination and information sharing among the relevant actors.

Download or read book Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management written by Ken W. Krauss and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores how the management of wetlands can influence carbon storage and fluxes. Wetlands are vital natural assets, including their ability to take-up atmospheric carbon and restrict subsequent carbon loss to facilitate long-term storage. They can be deliberately managed to provide a natural solution to mitigate climate change, as well as to help offset direct losses of wetlands from various land-use changes and natural drivers. Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management presents a collection of wetland research studies from around the world to demonstrate how environmental management can improve carbon sequestration while enhancing wetland health and function. Volume highlights include: Overview of carbon storage in the landscape Introduction to wetland management practices Comparisons of natural, managed, and converted wetlands Impact of wetland management on carbon storage or loss Techniques for scientific assessment of wetland carbon processes Case studies covering tropical, coastal, inland, and northern wetlands Primer for carbon offset trading programs and how wetlands might contribute The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity.Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Download or read book BLUE CARBON IN SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM written by Susi Rahmawati (Editors) and published by UGM PRESS. This book was released on 2019-11-18 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change poses a severe threat to the global ecosystem which will impact all nations around the world including ASEAN member countries. Urgent and integrated effort is critical to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which traps heat in the atmosphere and causes climate change. Plants have the capacity to absorb and store a large amount of carbon. Recent researches suggest that seagrass ecosystem is one of the most promising carbon sequester and carbon sink. Seagrass absorbs carbon dioxide and converts it into potential energy which is stored in the form of organic carbon. The seagrass’ organic carbon and organic matter from other sources is trapped in the seagrass sediments. Due to this capacity, seagrass is recognized as a natural carbon dioxide removal (NCDR). Compared to tropical rainforests, seagrass meadows have more potential to capture and store a large amount of carbon (i.e. blue carbon). ASEAN countries share similar concerns and equal responsibility to preserve the seagrass ecosystem as a natural-based approach on mitigating global climate change. However, seagrass ecosystem in each of the ASEAN country has its own unique characteristics, posing challenges on the contribution assessment of each country. Thus, a general platform to collect data and calculate carbon sequestration from the seagrass ecosystem needs to be developed, to equally compare data and information among the ASEAN countries. Accordingly, this guideline was developed as a mean to fulfil the need.

Download or read book Carbon sequestration by coastal floral community written by Abhijit Mitra and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As nature-based approaches for the mitigation of climate change are increasingly seen as part of the solution, blue carbon has recently been receiving greater international attention. This has stimulated renewed interest in better management, conservation and restoration of coastal ecosystems including mangrove forests, seagrass meadows, tidal salt marshes, and seaweed beds for the purpose of climate change mitigation. However, a number of gaps still exist in our scientific knowledge on coastal biodiversity, which are critical to developing blue carbon projects for the international carbon market. The present book has focused on some of these important issues. Apart from standardizing ecological approach in estimating blue carbon in various vegetation compartments, the book also presents few important case studies (as annexure), which can serve as the basics of hand-on-scientific training in estimating the magnitude of stored carbon in mangroves, salt marsh, seagrass, seaweeds and phytoplankton. The influence of salinity, nutrients and several relevant hydrological parameters on the rate of blue carbon sequestration has also been critically analysed.

Download or read book The Energetics of Mangrove Forests written by Daniel Alongi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-18 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite their importance in sustaining livelihoods for many people living along some of the world’s most populous coastlines, tropical mangrove forests are disappearing at an alarming rate. Occupying a crucial place between land and sea, these tidal ecosystems provide a valuable ecological and economic resource as important nursery grounds and breeding sites for many organisms, and as a renewable source of wood and traditional foods and medicines. Perhaps most importantly, they are accumulation sites for sediment, contaminants, carbon and nutrients, and offer significant protection against coastal erosion. This book presents a functional overview of mangrove forest ecosystems; how they live and grow at the edge of tropical seas, how they play a critical role along most of the world’s tropical coasts, and how their future might look in a world affected by climate change. Such a process-oriented approach is necessary in order to further understand the role of these dynamic forests in ecosystem function, and as a first step towards developing adequate strategies for their conservation and sustainable use and management. The book will provide a valuable resource for researchers in mangrove ecology as well as reference for resource managers.

Download or read book Blue Carbon climate adaptation CO2 uptake and sequestration of carbon in Nordic blue forests Results from the Nordic Blue Carbon Project written by Frigstad, Helene and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2021-02-03 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2020-541/# Nordic blue forests are coastal vegetated habitats, such as kelp forests, eelgrass meadows and rockweed beds, that are important natural sinks for carbon and thereby climate regulation. They also play an important role in climate adaptation. Simultaneously, blue forests are at high risk from climate change and other human impacts, such as eutrophication and coastal development. This report presents the main findings of the Nordic Blue Carbon Project (2017–2020) on the areal distribution and carbon budget of blue forests (kelp forests, seagrass meadows and rockweed beds) in the Nordic region. We have identified the main ecosystem effects of climate change and other human pressures on Nordic blue forests, tested the effect of moderating some of these pressures, and give scientific advice on management measures aimed at safeguarding these important coastal ecosystems for the future.

Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.

Download or read book Carbon Capture Utilization and Sequestration written by Ramesh K. Agarwal and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is divided in two sections. Several chapters in the first section provide a state-of-the-art review of various carbon sinks for CO2 sequestration such as soil and oceans. Other chapters discuss the carbon sequestration achieved by storage in kerogen nanopores, CO2 miscible flooding and generation of energy efficient solvents for postcombustion CO2 capture. The chapters in the second section focus on monitoring and tracking of CO2 migration in various types of storage sites, as well as important physical parameters relevant to sequestration. Both researchers and students should find the material useful in their work.

Download or read book Blue Carbon Reservoir of the Blue Planet written by Abhijit Mitra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ever increasing emission of carbon dioxide due to rapid industrialization, urbanization, unplanned tourism and alteration of land use pattern is causing unprecedented changes to marine biodiversity. Irrespective of political philosophy, nation, caste, sex and religion, mankind is under the appalling shadow of climate change. Today nature-based approaches for the mitigation of climate change are increasingly accepted as part of the low-cost solution. Thrust has been given by several scientific communities to assess the magnitude and viability of carbon sequestering potential of plants. Coastal producer communities like mangroves, salt marsh grass, seagrass beds, and seaweeds absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis. This carbon known as the ‘blue carbon’ is thus associated with the marine and estuarine ecosystems. However, a number of gaps in our scientific knowledge on blue carbon domain still exist. Molluscs, coral reefs, phytoplankton, which are amongst the important storehouses of carbon, have not been addressed. Very few scientific studies on the carbon stored in these valuable natural vaults have been performed, and no data bank is available on their carbon sequestering capacity on global basis. The methodologies for assessing blue carbon stock also need further standardization so that credit from blue carbon reservoir is accepted by the International bodies in the form of a concrete policy. It is a matter of great appreciation that Conservation International (CI), the International Union for Conservation of Natural Resources (IUCN), and the Intergovernmental Oceanic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO is collaborating with governments, research institutions, non-governmental and international organizations, and communities around the world to develop management approaches, financial incentives and policy mechanisms for ensuring conservation and restoration of blue carbon ecosystems and implement projects around the world that demonstrate the feasibility of blue carbon accounting, management, and incentive agreements. The present book has critically presented the data bank for each community of blue carbon not merely in the form of text description, but also through case studies that are the outcomes of research projects and pilot programmes.