Download or read book The Role of Social Capital in Development written by Christiaan Grootaert and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-15 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previously the role of social capital - defined as the institutions and networks of relationships between people, and the associated norms and values - in programs of poverty alleviation and development has risen to considerable prominence. Although development practitioners have long suspected that social capital does affect the efficiency and quality of most development processes, this book provides the rigorous empirical results needed to confirm that impression and translate it into effective and informed policymaking. It is based on a large volume of collected data, relying equally on quantitative and qualitative research methodologies to establish approaches for measuring social capital and its impact. The book documents the pervasive role of social capital in accelerating poverty alleviation and rural development, facilitating the provision of goods and services, and easing political transition and recovery from civil conflicts.

Download or read book International Encyclopedia of Civil Society written by Helmut K. Anheier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-24 with total page 1722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently the topic of civil society has generated a wave of interest, and a wealth of new information. Until now no publication has attempted to organize and consolidate this knowledge. The International Encyclopedia of Civil Society fills this gap, establishing a common set of understandings and terminology, and an analytical starting point for future research. Global in scope and authoritative in content, the Encyclopedia offers succinct summaries of core concepts and theories; definitions of terms; biographical entries on important figures and organizational profiles. In addition, it serves as a reliable and up-to-date guide to additional sources of information. In sum, the Encyclopedia provides an overview of the contours of civil society, social capital, philanthropy and nonprofits across cultures and historical periods. For researchers in nonprofit and civil society studies, political science, economics, management and social enterprise, this is the most systematic appraisal of a rapidly growing field.

Download or read book Active Social Capital written by Anirudh Krishna and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of social capital allows scholars to assess the quality of relationships among people within a particular community and show how that quality affects the ability to achieve shared goals. With evidence collected from sixty-nine villages in India, Krishna investigates what social capital is, how it operates in practice, and what results it can be expected to produce. Does social capital provide a viable means for advancing economic development, promoting ethnic peace, and strengthening democratic governance? The world is richer than ever before, but more than a fifth of its people are poor and miserable. Civil wars and ethnic strife continue to mar prospects for peace. Democracy is in place in most countries, but large numbers of citizens do not benefit from it. How can development, peace and democracy become more fruitful for the ordinary citizen? This book shows how social capital is a crucial dimension of any solution to these problems.

Download or read book Diversification and Accumulation in Rural Tanzania written by Pekka Seppälä and published by Nordic Africa Institute. This book was released on 1998 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies on rural Africa increasingly reveal a pattern of development which is more complex than that proposed in earlier unilinear theories. The researchers have recently located intricate systems of patronage, local networks of cooperation, indigenous social safety nets but also alarming rates of differentiation. This study extends the analysis of local complexity to the labour sphere, showing how rural producers tend to diversify into multiple sources of income resulting in innovative straddling between them. The diversification which is a necessity for the poorest households provides the means for risk aversion and accumulation for the wealthier ones. Diversification and Accumulation in Rural Tanzania is a thought-provoking and theoretically challenging work showing how cultural issues penetrate economic practices and modify the outcome of any economic interventions.

Download or read book Social Im mobilities in Africa written by Joël Noret and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded in both theory and ethnography, this volume insists on taking social positionality seriously when accounting for Africa’s current age of polarizing wealth. To this end, the book advocates a multidimensional view of African societies, in which social positions consist of a variety of intersecting social powers - or ‘capitals’ – including wealth, education, social relationships, religion, ethnicity, and others. Accordingly, the notion of social im/mobilities emphasizes the complexities of current changes, taking us beyond the prism of a one-dimensional social ladder, for social moves cannot always be apprehended through the binaries of ‘gains’ and ‘losses’.

Download or read book Cents and Sociability written by Deepa Narayan-Parker and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Socialist Development and Public Investment in Tanzania 1964 73 written by W. Edmund Clark and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 1978-12-15 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its emphasis on rural development as opposed to urban development, Tanzania has pursued an individual path in socialist development. This work is the first empirical analysis of public investment in matters of agriculture, education, rural health, manufacturing, and commerce, comparing the actual program of investment to the strategy outlined in the Arusha Declaration of 1967. In Socialist Development and Public Investment in Tanzania 1964-1976, Dr Clark finds that Tanzania has been more successful in reorienting its program of social investment than its program of economic development. This failure stems from real differences within Tanzania, and among socialists generally, about appropriate investment strategies for a country at Tanzania's stage of development. In fact, no clear specification of an economic strategy exists and, as a result, policy has been heavily determined by the interests of the dominant political groups. It also reflects the fact that, in its initial stages, Tanzanian socialism was not a mass movement. It was imposed from the top and consequently, the bureaucracy remains relatively immune from the pressures of the people and the poverty in which they live. Dr Clark argues that Nyerere's basic strategy is appropriate to Tanzania at a stage when it lacks the resources to pursue the traditional socialist goal of an integrated industrial economy, but that the implementation of this strategy should and must be improved. Skillfully blending political and social with economic analysis, he provides a provocative interpretation of socialist investment strategy in Tanzania and provides an illuminating perspective on the economics of developing countries.

Download or read book Values and Development in Southern Africa written by Hans-Peter Müller and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2013 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development has been on Africa's agenda for a long time but progress has been both varied and limited, partly due to the diverse levels of the discussions on the challenges and the interventions for tackling them. Africa's greatest challenge is the uneven development within and between its countries, and the pressing issues of extreme poverty in southern Africa, and the continent as a whole. Poverty causes its victims to suffer social exclusion and political repression. In addition, societies that experience poverty are also mostly under continuous threat of ecological disasters and diseases. This book focuses on the social and cultural dimensions of development dynamics and, in particular, the role of values in shaping development. Values are at the core of the hopes and aspirations of individuals, communities, and societies. The book therefore explains the values that motivate and inform African communities and societies, with a view to facilitating a dialogue about sustainable development in Africa among academics, intellectuals, policy and decisionmakers, and the communities themselves.

Download or read book Reach Out Africa written by Dorothy H. Ettling, Kevin B. Vichcales and published by Archway Publishing. This book was released on 2014-06-30 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidebook is a collection of stories of African development projects that have transformed the lives of individuals and communities through collaborative partnerships. Through the study of these successful collaborations, readers will learn to: - Engage in capacity-building for collective problem-solving at the community level. - Work collaboratively for women's empowerment. - Mobilize culturally diverse communities to plan, implement, and evaluate sustainable community development. - Build meaningful collaborations among university and grassroots partners. - Maximize volunteer skills and match them to community needs. The Women's Global Connection (WGC; www.womensglobalconnection.org) embarked on this journey of cross-cultural engagement and capacity-building with one intention, grounded on three pillars: - Local ownership demanded individual and community involvement and buy-in. - Social empowerment required that each of our endeavors resulted in the local community's capacity to share the knowledge and replicate the training that was offered. - The promise of sustainability curbed our efforts to engage only in projects that held the hope of long-term sustainability by the community itself. Years of collaboration among the women's cooperatives, WGC, a private Catholic university, and countless volunteers has demonstrated the unbounded potential of reaching across boundaries and barriers to build a more responsible sense of global citizenship in today's inequitable world society.

Download or read book Putting Tanzania s Hidden Economy to Work written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tanzania?s annual real economic growth rate has in recent years been between 6 and 7 percent with Gross National Income equivalent to about US 3 40 per person. A?hidden? economy could potentially have contributed an additional US 1 00 per person. Forestry, fisheries, mining, and wildlife make traditional contributions to the economy. Hidden values and untapped potential remain uncounted. Some 582,000 tourists visited Tanzania in 2004, contributing US. 7 50 million to export earnings. A recent single shipment of illegal ivory left Tanga, valued at US 2 00 million. Commercial fishing fleets operatin

Download or read book Tanzania s Informal Economy written by Alexis Malefakis and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The market places and street corners of Dar es Salaam are home to a thriving informal economy of street vendors selling secondhand clothing and other goods. These street vendors often live a precarious existence, under pressure from state authorities and international markets. In addition to these external pressures, the experiences of such vendors are also shaped by a complex interplay of internal tensions, rivalries and conflicting communal ties. Such internal dynamics are a common part of informal economies around the world, but have largely gone unrecognised and unexamined by academic scholarship. Based on ethnographic fieldwork and extensive interviews with vendors living and working in Dar es Salaam, Malefakis's book offers a nuanced portrait of those trying to carve out a livelihood in a major African city, one in which ties of kinship and ethnicity are often viewed as a barrier, rather than an aid, to success. In the process, Malefakis provides an invaluable new perspective on the way in which co-operation, or lack thereof, functions in an informal economy, as well as insight into the lived experiences of those who depend on such economies.

Download or read book Enterprise and Economic Development in Africa written by Dina M. Nziku and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-11 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a topical analysis of the challenges and achievements of enterprise, Enterprise and Economic Development in Africa examines contributions to economic development on the continent, as well as exploring implications for policy dimensions.

Download or read book Institutional Constraints to Small Farmer Development in Southern Africa written by Ajuruchukwu Obi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-27 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Southern Africa region has experienced more than its fair share of problems in recent years. Just when it seemed that the hardships wrought by the devastating cycle of droughts and floods of 2000 to 2002 were a thing of the past, other problems emerged. At one level, there have been the weak and often erratic governance mechanisms and political crises in some countries of the region, leading to severe disruptions in agricultural production to the point that supplies and markets have virtually disappeared. At another level, socio-cultural rigidities have often militated against the adoption of efficient farming practices, resulting in sub-optimal choices that lock smallholders into a low equilibrium trap. In the face of the disappearing supplies and missing markets, these have engendered hyper-inflationary trends of a magnitude unknown anywhere else in the world. But in the midst of all this apparent dreariness, cases are emerging from which immense lessons can be drawn. This book assembles a collection of research papers based on studies completed in 2008 and 2009 in Southern Africa that examine various dimensions of the institutional constraints small farmers are facing in the region and how they are going about dealing with them. The papers draw from these diverse and polar experiences and present some theoretical and practical insights that should form the basis for more in-depth, country-level, sector-specific analyses, focusing mainly on citrus, horticultures, cotton and livestock. The thematic issues of income inequality, land reform, natural resource management and value chain governance and chain choice, are covered in this book and are expected to be of interest for a wide constituency, including researchers, development practitioners, rural animators, and policy makers.

Download or read book Agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change in Africa written by Cyndi Spindell Berck and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A changing climate is likely to have a drastic impact on crop yields in Africa. The purpose of this book is to document the effects of climate change on agriculture in Africa and to discuss strategies for adaptation to hotter weather and less predictable rainfall. These strategies include promoting opportunities for farmers to adopt technologies that produce optimal results in terms of crop yield and income under local agro-ecological and socioeconomic conditions. The focus is on sub-Saharan Africa, an area that is already affected by changing patterns of heat and rainfall. Because of the high prevalence of subsistence farming, food insecurity, and extreme poverty in this region, there is a great need for practical adaptation strategies. The book includes empirical research in Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, and other Sub-Saharan countries, and the conclusion summarizes policy-relevant findings from the chapters. It is aimed at advanced students, researchers, extension and development practitioners, and officials of government agencies, NGOs, and funding agencies. It also will provide supplementary reading for courses in environment and development and in agricultural economics.

Download or read book Entrepreneurial Responses to Covid 19 in Africa written by Maud van Merriënboer and published by Eburon Uitgeverij B.V.. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, small and medium enterprises (SME) entrepreneurs were hit hard by the Covid-19 pandemic and subsequent measures such as lockdowns and market closures. Africa was no exception. Entrepreneurial intentions and activities were expected to have a broad downturn with established entrepreneurs being forced to downsize or quit their businesses, while fewer novel entrepreneurs entered the market and started their own companies. At the same time, entrepreneurship is considered one of the few viable options to ensure an income during uncertain economic times. Furthermore, the Covid-19 crisis was said to drive innovation and technological advancements globally, and perhaps even more so in Africa due to its young demographic. This edited volume includes insights gathered during the 2021 NVAS Africa Day which had the theme: ‘entrepreneurial responses to Covid-19 in Africa.’ This volume shines a light on two broader themes: entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial resilience in Africa in times of Covid-19. The conference was organized by NVAS (Nederlandse Vereniging voor Afrikastudies) and the African Studies Centre of Leiden University. The first two chapters consider whether the pandemic and its broader consequences increase entrepreneurial intentions. Is entrepreneurship a pathway out of the crisis for individuals, providing an income and financial stability in a stressed labour market? Or have individuals turned away from entrepreneurship due to the risk and a lack of start-up funds and subsequent investments? The final two chapters consider how the Covid-19 pandemic spurred entrepreneurial resilience and innovation in terms of new products, markets, and strategies. Together, these studies provide a cross-sectional and cross-methodological anthology of entrepreneurial responses to Covid-19 in Africa. With contributions from Neema Komba, Chanyoung Park, Lotte-Marie Brouwer, Magnus Godvik Ekeland, Hanaâ Benchrifa, Steven Kator Iorfa and Maud van Merriënboer.

Download or read book New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa written by Karl Wohlmuth and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2008 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume XIII analyses the New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa - International and Regional Perspectives. Country cases in Africa for the integration of new growth and poverty alleviation policies are presented. New international strategies in the context of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) and the EU Strategy for Africa that aim at promoting pro-poor policies are discussed. Regional aspects of new growth and poverty alleviation strategies are analysed with regard to the case of South Africa. The South Africa of 2007 is a much different country from the South Africa of 1994, the year in which the country held its first democratic election. The country returned to positive per capita growth in the period since 1994. However, large challenges remain - the most glaring being the high levels of poverty and unemployment. Innovative strategies to address these challenges are discussed - incentives for sub-regional economic growth; improving the relationship between growth and employment; enhancing the role of education in the labour market; promoting Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment; and moving step by step towards a South African welfare state. New researches, initiatives and publications related to the theme are reviewed carefully in this Volume. This Volume builds the foundation for a comprehensive strategy of policy reforms in Africa so as to integrate new growth and poverty alleviation strategies. Complementary to Volume XIII is Volume XIV on New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa - Institutional and Local Perspectives. Both Volumes are of importance for all those who work in African countries as officials, executives, managers, researchers, and policy-makers, but also for all those who actively support Africa's development concerns at the international, regional, country, local and project levels. They will experience this Volume XIII and also the complementary Volume XIV as indispensable sources of insight, reference and inspiration.

Download or read book Papers on the Political Economy of Tanzania written by Kwan S. Kim and published by East African Publishers. This book was released on 1979 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: