Download or read book Calcium Signaling In Airway Smooth Muscle Cells written by Yong-Xiao Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the role calcium signaling plays in cellular responses in almost all types of cells including airway smooth muscle cells. This universal signaling may result from extracellular calcium influx and/or intracellular calcium release, which are precisely controlled and regulated by ion channels, exchangers and/or transporters on the plasmalemmal or sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. First, several chapters detail calcium release channels (ryanodine receptors and inositol trisphosphate receptors), voltage-dependent potassium channels, transient receptor potential channels, Orai channels, calcium-activated potassium channels, and calcium-activated chloride channels. Well-characterized sodium-calcium exchangers, voltage-dependent calcium channels, and calcium pumps are described also in depth over many chapters. Ca2+ signaling can be expressed in Ca2+ sparks, waves, oscillations, and global changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Calcium in subcellular compartments (cytosol, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and caveolae) also exhibit dynamic crosstalk. Many molecules including FK506 binding proteins, cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose, reactive oxygen species, RhoA kinases, caveolin and integrins can modify and induce spatial, temporal and compartmental variations of calcium signaling. In addition, calcium signaling can exhibit sex hormone- and age-dependent changes. A number of chapters are dedicated to covering these diverse formats, spatiotemporal characteristics, multifaceted network and mathematical modeling of Ca2+ signaling. Neurotransmitters, hormones, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and other stimuli may lead to multiple cellular responses by inducing Ca2+ signaling in airway smooth muscle cells. Increasing evidence suggests that Ca2+ pumps and canonical transient receptor potential channels are essential for airway smooth muscle remodeling. Accordingly, several chapters summarize recent advances in the studies of the key role of calcium signaling in physiological cellular responses as well as the development of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other respiratory disorders.
Download or read book Arachidonic Acid induced Calcium Signalling in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells written by Catherine-Rose Colliard Rouiller and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Role of CD38 cyclic ADP ribose Mediated Calcium Signaling in Airway Smooth Muscle Hyperresponsiveness written by Deepak A. Deshpande and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calcium Signaling Pathways in Smooth Muscle Remodeling During Hypertension and Asthma written by Martin Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypertension and asthma are highly prevalent and debilitating diseases. A common feature that has been recognized as pathogenic for these two diseases is the remodeling of the vasculature and airways. Specifically, the thickening of the smooth muscle layers of the vasculature and airways is critical for these disease processes. At the cellular level, smooth muscle cells dedifferentiate from a healthy contractile/quiescent phenotype to a highly proliferative, migratory, and secretory phenotype during vascular and airway remodeling. This phenotypic switch is also accompanied by a molecular reprogramming of the calcium (Ca2+) signaling machinery. Numerous ion channels and transporters are modulated in this dedifferentiation to favor a repertoire that spatiotemporally disseminates Ca2+ signals that activate fibroproliferative signaling at the expense of contractile function. One Ca2+ signaling pathway that reprograms during vascular and airway remodeling is the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) pathway. SOCE is initiated by depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores by receptor agonists. Upon depletion, the ER transmembrane protein, STIM, activates the plasma membrane (PM) ORAI Ca2+ channel. The activation of SOCE stimulates fibroproliferative pathways. Although not carefully studied in smooth muscle cells, the novel mitochondrial sodium (Na+)/Ca2+/Lithium (Li+) Exchanger (NCLX) has also emerged as essential for migration and proliferation for other cell types. NCLX mediates Ca2+ extrusion from the mitochondria. This dissertation illuminates how STIM1 and NCLX have critical roles in mediating smooth muscle remodeling in hypertension and asthma. We first identified L-type Ca2+ channel blockers (LCCBs), which are common antihypertensive drugs, to activate the N-terminus of STIM and stimulate vascular smooth muscle remodeling. Clinical use of LCCBs was also correlated with adverse outcomes of vascular remodeling (i.e., heart failure). In another study, we showed that STIM1 protein expression is enhanced in asthmatic airway smooth muscle (ASM). Furthermore, STIM1 was necessary for airway remodeling in asthma by stimulating pro-remodeling transcriptional reprogramming, enhancing metabolism, and activating the nuclear factor of activated T cells 4 (NFAT4) isoform. STIM1 was also crucial for airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), possibly as a result of reduced airway remodeling (AR) and agonist-induced Ca2+ oscillations in ASM. In our final study, we further validated that NCLX regulates SOCE in ASM. Moreover, NCLX, like STIM1, is critical for regulating AR and AHR in asthma. However, NCLX mediates AR by activating pro-remodeling transcriptional reprogramming, modulation of metabolism, and the activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII). Thus, these three critical studies further elucidate the molecular reprogramming that occurs during smooth muscle remodeling in hypertension and asthma. Furthermore, they suggest STIM and NCLX may be novel molecular targets for these diseases.
Download or read book Signal Transduction and Smooth Muscle written by Mohamed Trebak and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All hollow organs, such as blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, airways, male and female reproductive systems, and the urinary bladder are primarily composed of smooth muscle. Such organs regulate flow, propulsion and mixing of luminal contents and storage by the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle cells. Smooth muscle cells respond to numerous inputs, including pressure, shear stress, intrinsic and extrinsic innervation, hormones and other circulating molecules, as well as autocrine and paracrine factors. This book is a review of smooth muscle cell regulation in the cardiovascular, reproductive, GI, and other organ systems with emphasis on calcium and receptor signaling. Key selling features: Focuses on smooth muscles of different types Describes ion channel signaling mechanisms Reviews calcium and receptor signaling Includes novel, cutting-edge methodologies Summarizes studies of mice with genetically encoding sensors in smooth muscle Chapter 9 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a CC-BY 4.0 license. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/tandfbis/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781498774222_oachapter9.pdf
Download or read book Airways Smooth Muscle Biochemical Control of Contraction and Relaxation written by David Raeburn and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calcium Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells as Affected by Factors Imortant in Atherogenesis written by Smadar A. Lapidot and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vascular Ion Channels in Physiology and Disease written by Irena Levitan, PhD and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-06 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion channels are the major class of membrane proteins responsible for rapid and regulated transport of ions across biological membranes and for the generation and propagation of electrical signals in the brain, heart, and skeletal and vascular tissues. Ion channels are also known to play critical roles in regulation of cell proliferation, insulin secretion and intracellular signaling in a variety of cell types. This book focuses on the roles of ion channels in vascular tissues under normal and pathological conditions. Vascular abnormalities are known to underlie a plethora of severe pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis, systemic and pulmonary hypertension, coronary or cerebral vasospasm, and diabetes. In addition, misregulated angiogenesis is one of the major contributors to the development of tumors. Therefore, it is clearly imperative to obtain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to vascular disorders. This book will be the first comprehensive assembly of assays to present the studies that have been done during the last decade to elucidate the roles of ion channels in different vascular diseases.
Download or read book Intracellular Calcium Signaling in Nucleotide Stimulated Porcine Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells written by Mỹ G. Mahoney and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of Intracellular Calcium in Porcine Airway Smooth Muscle written by Thomas Arthur White and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Eosinophils in Health and Disease written by James J. Lee and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-11-02 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eosinophils in Health and Disease provides immunology researchers and students with a comprehensive overview of current thought and cutting-edge eosinophil research, providing chapters on basic science, disease-specific issues, therapeutics, models for study and areas of emerging importance.
Download or read book Regulation of Calcium Influx in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells written by Samantha Peel and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calcium Entry Channels in Non Excitable Cells written by Juliusz Ashot Kozak and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells focuses on methods of investigating the structure and function of non-voltage gated calcium channels. Each chapter presents important discoveries in calcium entry pathways, specifically dealing with the molecular identification of store-operated calcium channels which were reviewed by earlier volumes in the Methods in Signal Transduction series. Crystallographic and pharmacological approaches to the study of calcium channels of epithelial cells are also discussed. Calcium ion is a messenger in most cell types. Whereas voltage gated calcium channels have been studied extensively, the non-voltage gated calcium entry channel genes have only been identified relatively recently. The book will fill this important niche.
Download or read book RNA Based Regulation in Human Health and Disease written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RNA-based Regulation in Human Health and Disease offers an in-depth exploration of RNA mediated genome regulation at different hierarchies. Beginning with multitude of canonical and non-canonical RNA populations, especially noncoding RNA in human physiology and evolution, further sections examine the various classes of RNAs (from small to large noncoding and extracellular RNAs), functional categories of RNA regulation (RNA-binding proteins, alternative splicing, RNA editing, antisense transcripts and RNA G-quadruplexes), dynamic aspects of RNA regulation modulating physiological homeostasis (aging), role of RNA beyond humans, tools and technologies for RNA research (wet lab and computational) and future prospects for RNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics. One of the core strengths of the book includes spectrum of disease-specific chapters from experts in the field highlighting RNA-based regulation in metabolic & neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, inflammatory disease, viral and bacterial infections. We hope the book helps researchers, students and clinicians appreciate the role of RNA-based regulation in genome regulation, aiding the development of useful biomarkers for prognosis, diagnosis, and novel RNA-based therapeutics. Comprehensive information of non-canonical RNA-based genome regulation modulating human health and disease Defines RNA classes with special emphasis on unexplored world of noncoding RNA at different hierarchies Disease specific role of RNA - causal, prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic Features contributions from leading experts in the field
Download or read book The Endothelium written by Michel Félétou and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References
Download or read book Medical Epigenetics written by Trygve Tollefsbol and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-06-21 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical Epigenetics provides a comprehensive analysis of the importance of epigenetics to health management. The purpose of this book is to fill a current need for a comprehensive volume on the medical aspects of epigenetics with a focus on human systems, epigenetic diseases that affect these systems and modes of treating epigenetic-based disorders and diseases. The intent of this book is to provide a stand-alone comprehensive volume that will cover all human systems relevant to epigenetic maladies and all major aspects of medical epigenetics. The overall goal is to provide the leading book on medical epigenetics that will be useful not only to physicians, nurses, medical students and many others directly involved with health care, but also investigators in life sciences, biotech companies, graduate students and many others who are interested in more applied aspects of epigenetics. Research in the area of translational epigenetics is a cornerstone of this volume. Critical reviews dedicated to the burgeoning role of epigenetics in medical practice Coverage of emerging topics including twin epigenetics as well as epigenetics of gastrointestinal disease, muscle disorders, endocrine disorders, ocular medicine, pediatric diseases, sports medicine, noncoding RNA therapeutics, pain management and regenerative medicine Encompasses a disease-oriented perspective of medical epigenetics as well as diagnostic and prognostic epigenetic approaches to applied medicine
Download or read book Current Basic and Pathological Approaches to the Function of Muscle Cells and Tissues written by Haruo Sugi and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2012-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains 17 short review articles classified into 3 parts. Part I consists of 7 articles dealing with basic aspects of contractile mechanism in skeletal and smooth muscle cells and also function of melanocytes having many properties common to those of smooth muscles. Part II and Part III contain articles dealing with pathological aspects of cardiac and smooth muscle cell functions, and dealing with factors influencing structure and function of cardiac and smooth muscle cells and tissues. The Editor believes that these articles are stimulating and informative for readers interested in basic, pathological and clinical aspects of muscle cells and tissues.
