Download or read book Bystander behaviors in peer victimization written by Björn Sjögren and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: När elever blir utsatta för kränkningar finns ofta andra elever närvarande som åskådare. Dessa åskådare kan anta olika sociala roller: de kan assistera eller förstärka de som utsätter, försvara de som blir utsatta eller förbli passiva. Syftet med den här avhandlingen var att undersöka hur elevers åskådarbeteenden vid kränkningssituationer hänger samman med moraliskt disengagemang, elev-lärarrelationer och tillit till sin egen och klassens förmåga att försvara de som blir utsatta. Självrapporterade enkätdata samlades in från elever i årskurs 4–8 och analyserades med hjälp av olika statistiska metoder såsom flernivåanalys och strukturella ekvationsmodeller. Resultaten visar att de tre åskådarbeteendena hänger samman med faktorer på både individ- och klassnivå. Att assistera och förstärka de som utsätter hade starkast samband (positivt) med moraliskt disengagemang. Att försvara de som blir utsatta och att förbli passiv hade starkast samband (positivt respektive negativt) med självtillit. Resultaten pekar också på att det positiva sambandet mellan att försvara utsatta och självtillit går åt båda håll: försvararbeteenden predicerar självtillit och självtillit predicerar försvararbeteenden. I enlighet med socialkognitiv teori visar den här avhandlingen på betydelsen av att beakta ett komplicerat mönster av faktorer på olika nivåer när man studerar elevers åskådarbeteenden. Peer victimization most often occurs in the presence of bystanders, who play different social roles. They may assist or reinforce those who victimize, defend those who are victimized, or remain passive. The aim of this thesis was to investigate how students’ bystander behaviors in peer victimization are associated with moral disengagement, efficacy beliefs, and student-teacher relationship quality. Self-report questionnaire data were collected from students in grades 4 to 8, and were analyzed using different statistical methods, such as multilevel modeling and structural equation modeling. The findings show that the three types of bystander behaviors are associated with both individual- and classroom-level characteristics. Assisting and reinforcing those who victimize were most strongly associated (positively) with moral disengagement. Defending those who are victimized and remaining passive were most strongly associated (positively and negatively, respectively) with self-efficacy to defend victims. The findings also indicate that the positive association between students’ defending bystander behaviors and their self-efficacy to defend is bidirectional: defending predicts self-efficacy and self-efficacy predicts defending. In line with social cognitive theory, this thesis highlights the importance of considering a complex pattern of factors at different levels when addressing students’ bystander behaviors.
Download or read book Bullies Victims and Bystanders written by Lisa H. Rosen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses beyond the bully-victim dyad to highlight how bullying commonly unfolds within a complex system that involves many individuals interacting with one another. As the vast majority of bullying episodes occur in front of a peer audience, this book examines the ways in which bystanders can act to either fuel or deter bullying. Each chapter highlights a particular participant role: bully, assistant, reinforcer, outsider, defender, and victim. Attention is also devoted to the important influence parents and teachers have on the peer ecology and bullying dynamics. By viewing bullying through the eyes of each individual role, the authors provide an in-depth exploration of bullying as a group process with special attention to implications for prevention and intervention. This book refreshes and expands our understanding of bullying as a group process by highlighting classic research while integrating new findings with attention to changing technology and the modernization of our society. It provides a unique resource that will appeal to teachers and educational psychologists in addition to researchers in the areas of psychology, public health, and education.
Download or read book Children s peer victimization trajectories written by Bridget K. Gamm and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Student Engagement Interventions written by Jennifer A. Fredricks and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-05-04 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Student Engagement Interventions: Working with Disengaged Students provides an understanding of the factors that contribute to student disengagement, methods for identifying students at risk, and intervention strategies to increase student engagement. With a focus on translating research into best practice, the book pulls together the current research on engagement in schools and empowers readers to craft and implement interventions. Users will find reviews on evidence-based academic, behavioral, social, mental health, and community-based interventions that will help increase all types of engagement. The book looks at ways of reducing suspensions through alternative disciplinary practices, the role resiliency can play in student engagement, strategies for community and school collaborations in addressing barriers to engagement, and what can be learned from students who struggled in school, but succeeded later in life. It is a hands-on resource for educators, school psychologists, researchers, and students looking to gain insight into the research on this topic and the strategies that can be deployed to promote student engagement. Presents practical strategies for engagement intervention and assessment Covers early warning signs of disengagement and how to use these signs to promote engagement Reviews contextual factors (families, peers, teachers) related to engagement Focuses on increasing engagement and school completion for all students Emphasizes multidimensional approaches to disengagement
Download or read book Children s Peer Victimization Trajectories written by Bridget K. Biggs and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preventing Bullying Through Science Policy and Practice written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-14 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bullying has long been tolerated as a rite of passage among children and adolescents. There is an implication that individuals who are bullied must have "asked for" this type of treatment, or deserved it. Sometimes, even the child who is bullied begins to internalize this idea. For many years, there has been a general acceptance and collective shrug when it comes to a child or adolescent with greater social capital or power pushing around a child perceived as subordinate. But bullying is not developmentally appropriate; it should not be considered a normal part of the typical social grouping that occurs throughout a child's life. Although bullying behavior endures through generations, the milieu is changing. Historically, bulling has occurred at school, the physical setting in which most of childhood is centered and the primary source for peer group formation. In recent years, however, the physical setting is not the only place bullying is occurring. Technology allows for an entirely new type of digital electronic aggression, cyberbullying, which takes place through chat rooms, instant messaging, social media, and other forms of digital electronic communication. Composition of peer groups, shifting demographics, changing societal norms, and modern technology are contextual factors that must be considered to understand and effectively react to bullying in the United States. Youth are embedded in multiple contexts and each of these contexts interacts with individual characteristics of youth in ways that either exacerbate or attenuate the association between these individual characteristics and bullying perpetration or victimization. Recognizing that bullying behavior is a major public health problem that demands the concerted and coordinated time and attention of parents, educators and school administrators, health care providers, policy makers, families, and others concerned with the care of children, this report evaluates the state of the science on biological and psychosocial consequences of peer victimization and the risk and protective factors that either increase or decrease peer victimization behavior and consequences.
Download or read book Handbook of School Violence and School Safety written by Shane Jimerson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of School Violence and School Safety: International Research and Practice has become the premier resource for educational and mental health professionals and policymakers seeking to implement effective prevention and intervention programs that reduce school violence and promote safe and effective schools. It covers the full range of school violence and safety topics from harassment and bullying to promoting safe, secure, and peaceful schools. It also examines existing school safety programs and includes the multi-disciplinary research and theories that guide them. Examinations of current issues and projections of future research and practice are embedded within each chapter. This volume maps the boundaries of this rapidly growing and multidisciplinary field of study. Key features include... Comprehensive Coverage – The chapters are divided into three parts: Foundations; Assessment and Measurement; Prevention and Intervention Programs. Together they provide a comprehensive review of what is known about the types, causes, and effects of school violence and the most effective intervention programs that have been developed to prevent violence and promote safe and thriving school climates. Evidence-based Practice – Avoiding a one-size-fits-all approach to prevention and intervention, the focus throughout is on the application of evidence-based practice to address factors most commonly associated with school violence and safety. Implications for Practice – Each chapter bridges the research-to-practice gap, with a section delineating implications for practice of the foregoing research. Chapter Structure – To ensure continuity and coherence across the book, each chapter begins with a brief abstract and ends with a table showing the implications for practice. International Focus – Acknowledging the fact that school violence and safety is a global concern, this edition has increased its focus on insights learned from cross-national research and practice outside the USA. Expertise – The editors and authors are experienced researchers, teachers, practitioners, and leaders in the school violence field, their expertise includes their breadth and depth of knowledge and experience, bridging research, policy, and practice and representing a variety of international organizations studying school violence around the world.
Download or read book Toward the Next Generation of Bystander Prevention of Sexual and Relationship Violence written by Victoria L. Banyard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This briefs integrates and synthesizes an array of research about who helps others and under what conditions and discusses the implications of this research for a bystander intervention focused prevention agenda to reduce sexual and relationship violence in schools and communities. It combines an examination of bystander helping behavior in the specific context of sexual and relationship violence with social psychological research on bystander behavior outside that context in order to inform prevention efforts. This briefs is designed for researchers, practitioners, and students concerned about violence prevention and who are interesting in bystander intervention as a promising prevention strategy. Connections between research and practice are the foundation of this briefs. The briefs addresses the following questions: What is the promise of a bystander approach to violence prevention? Where does it fit within the spectrum of sexual and relationship violence prevention? How do we expand theoretical models of helping behavior to the unique context of interpersonal violence? How can we bring in research from other areas of health behavior change and developmental research on violence to inform a broader bystander action model? It provides a new synthesis and model of bystander interaction. It outlines a strategic plan for new research and next steps in prevention practices.
Download or read book Developmental Psychopathology and Wellness written by James J. Hudziak and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2009-02-20 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major benchmark in the understanding of psychiatric illness in children and adolescents, Developmental Psychopathology and Wellness reports on progress in identifying genetic and environmental influences on emotional-behavioral disorders. A team of 22 international authorities presents work that changes the way child psychiatry and clinical psychology are conceptualized, debunking misconceptions about depression, antisocial behavior, and other conditions to enhance our understanding of the causes of child psychopathology -- and improve the ways we treat these disorders. Coverage of basic principles describes the influence of genomic medicine, as explained by trailblazers in the field who demonstrate the importance of the developmental perspective. Chapters on gene-environment interaction review the important concepts of personality and temperament, cognition, and sex -- including findings from molecular genetic investigations on adolescent cognition, temperament, and brain function. Disorder-based examples show how emotional-behavioral illness and wellness attest to the interaction of genetic and environmental factors over time, providing new insight into the study of anxious depression, ADHD, autism, and antisocial personality disorders. And in considering how we can bridge the gap between research and clinical applications, Dr. Hudziak describes his family-based gene-environment approach as a means of better understanding etiopathology and treatment. Among the other significant contributions: Thomas Achenbach focuses on the importance of culture in understanding the genetic and environmental impact on children, with insights into measuring these sources of influence. Joan Kaufman reports on her seminal work on the genetic and environmental modifiers of risk and resilience in child abuse, relating maltreatment to other forms of environmental risk, genetic mediation, and reactivity. D. I. Boomsma describes the genetic architecture of childhood worry, presenting data from an extraordinary sample of 30,000 twin pairs. Frank Verhulst draws on a 14-year study to detail the advantages of the developmental perspective in understanding antisocial behavior. Stephen Faraone offers guidelines for moving beyond statistics to document the functional significance of DNA variants associated with psychopathology. As the contributors ably demonstrate, these new approaches to the care and treatment of at-risk children are applicable to daily practice, teaching, and research. Developmental Psychopathology and Wellness shows that these psychopathologies are not a matter of nature versus nurture or genes versus environment, but rather an intertwining web of them all.
Download or read book Bullying Peer Harassment and Victimization in the Schools written by Joseph Zins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bullying and harassment threaten academic achievement and mental health in our schools. Look beyond your work with individual students to address these problems in their larger context! This book presents enlightening empirical studies and reviews of the literature on peer harassment, bullying, and victimization. Designed to expand our knowledge and understanding of these topics, Bullying, Peer Harassment, and Victimization in the Schools: The Next Generation of Prevention documents the widespread nature of the phenomena both inside and outside the United States, identifies risk and protective factors, and provides practitioners with specific, evidence-based guidelines for effective preventive action. From the editors: The problem of bullying, peer harassment, and victimization is a serious one in our schools. It greatly affects the climate for learning and productivity and the emotional health of students and staff. This book presents empirical data and theoretical and legal case reviews to show how pervasive and serious these problems are and how they threaten both academic achievement and mental health within many of our schools. Taking a longitudinal and developmental perspective, the authors begin to outline the next generation of research in this field that will shape knowledge and practice for the next few decades. For practitioners, the book is a call to action, particularly at the school-wide level, focusing on reducing the substantial social/emotional harm done to perpetrators, bystanders, and especially, victims. Bullying, Peer Harassment, and Victimization in the Schools provides vital information on: what mental health professionals can do to prevent and respond to sexual harassment in schools the relationship between middle-school adjustment and bullying aggressive behavior and friendship patterns in immigrant children school-based intervention strategies the relationship between the cultures of childhood and sexual harassment—from developmental, domestic violence, and legal perspectives risk factors and protective factors affecting victimization and more! It has been estimated that bullying affects more than half of the students in American schools. This book can add significantly to your ability to combat and prevent this pervasive problem. Use it to improve the quality of education received by students in your community!
Download or read book Moral Disengagement written by Albert Bandura and published by Worth. This book was released on 2015-12-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful textbook asks the question: How do otherwise considerate human beings do cruel things and still live in peace with themselves? Dr. Bandura provides a definitive exposition of the psychosocial mechanism by which people selectively disengage their moral self-sanctions from their harmful conduct. They do so by sanctifying their harmful behaviour as serving worthy causes; absolving themselves of blame; minimizing the harmful effects of their actions; dehumanizing those they maltreat, and blaming them for bringing the suffering on themselves. Dr. Bandura’s theory of moral disengagement is uniquely broad in scope. Theories of morality focus almost exclusively at the individual level. He insightfully extends the disengagement of morality to the social-system level through which wide-spread inhumanities are perpetrated. This masterwork by one of the most influential psychologists and thinkers of our time is important reading for all Psychology students and is particularly relevant for Social Psychology courses.
Download or read book Bullying Victimization and Peer Harassment written by Charles A Maher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive examination of theory, research, prevention and intervention, and professional practice issues - in one source. Teasing, shunning, and bullying can have serious detrimental effects on both victim and perpetrator. Bullying, Victimization, and Peer Harassment: A Handbook of Prevention and Intervention comprehensively gathers emerging research, theory, and effective practice on this subject into one invaluable source. This thorough review of a wide spectrum of innovative, evidence-based practices targets the complex problems of victimization, peer harassment, and bullying in our schools. Interventions range from individuals and their peers to broad, systems-level change within schools and communities. The challenge of prevention is also explored, using the latest studies as a practical foundation. Suggestions are provided detailing effective strategies to make changes in the culture within schools while offering directions for future research and practice. Bullying, Victimization, and Peer Harassment discusses research on current intervention programs now in place that, until now, has never been evaluated. Several of the studies address middle school issues and multi-ethnic populations, including those from the United States, Canada, and Europe. Peer sexual harassment and dating-related aggression are examined that includes and goes beyond traditional views of bullying and peer intimidation. This valuable handbook provides concise yet extensive information on the most current theory, empirical research, practice guidelines, and suggestions for preparing schools for programmatic initiatives. Topics in Bullying, Victimization, and Peer Harassment include: theory and conceptual issues in victimization, bullying, and peer harassment assessment results from a four-year longitudinal study on peer victimization in early adolescents youth perceptions toward bullying high school students’ victimization profiles immigrant children and victimization evaluating an adolescent violence prevention program a school-based intervention program peer group intervention interventions for victims multiple perspectives involving sexual harassment school-wide approaches to prevention and intervention and much more! Bullying, Victimization, and Peer Harassment is a crucial resource for researchers and mental health professionals who work in schools and who work with children and their families, such as school psychologists, counselors, clinical child psychologists, social workers, and community psychologists.
Download or read book Predicting and Changing Behavior written by Martin Fishbein and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the reasoned action approach, an integrative framework for the prediction and change of human social behavior. It provides an up-to-date review of relevant research, discusses critical issues related to the reasoned action framework, and provides methodological and conceptual tools for the prediction and explanation of social behavior and for designing behavior change interventions.
Download or read book Bullying Among University Students written by Helen Cowie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bullying Amongst University Students is a pioneering collection of knowledge and evidence exploring the under-researched phenomenon of bullying in universities. Abusive behaviour amongst young people is a serious and pervasive problem that is exacerbated by the rapid advances in electronic communication, and in this book the authors highlight the problem and proceed to facilitate new practices and policies to address it. This book brings together an international team of authors from a range of disciplines, encompassing education, psychology, criminology, law and counselling, who have carried out research in the area of university bullying. Addressing critical dialogues and debates, the authors explore peer on peer violence, intimidation and social exclusion before considering its effects on students and making recommendations for action and further research. Key topics include: Cyberbullying and cyber aggression Rape culture across the university Homophobic and transphobic bullying The impact of bullying on mental health The role of bully and victim across the lifespan Policies and procedures to address bullying International in authorship and scope, this book will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers in fields such as education, psychology, sociology, health studies and criminology. It is also essential reading for university policy-makers and union representatives responsible for the emotional and physical well-being of students.
Download or read book Handbook of Bullying in Schools written by Shane R. Jimerson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Bullying in Schools provides a comprehensive review and analysis of what is known about the worldwide bullying phenomena. It is the first volume to systematically review and integrate what is known about how cultural and regional issues affect bullying behaviour and its prevention.
Download or read book Bullying in Secondary Schools written by Keith Sullivan and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2003-10-02 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: `This is a worthwhile read and many of the ideas could well be used in schools to address the issues of bullying. There is something for everyone in the book, and it should be on any reading list for student teachers and certainly for the senior manager with responsibility for pastoral systems in every school′ - Emotional & Behavioural Difficulties `This book is a must for all teachers in secondary school throughout the country. The value of this book lies in the potential for its application in a realistic school setting by staff from the head teacher, to teachers, to pupils and all those who are in the school environment′ - Dr L F Lowenstein, Clinical and Educational Psychologist `The authors of this book adopt a new approach to dealing with bullying. Instead of discussing how often it occurs, who bullies and who is bullied, they see bullying as part of a social dynamic and unsafe school culture. This book is an essential practical guide to dealing with bullying for teachers, teachers trainers, counsellors, pupil and families′ - Childright `This book is an important and comprehensive resource dealing with school bullying issues in a practical way, with strategies designed to be used easily in the classroom. It gives valuable advice to teachers on dealing with bullies in the most effective way, using victims and bystanders as part of the solution. It should be required reading in every secondary school′ - Liz Carnell, Director, Bullying Online This book is a practical guide to dealing with bullying in secondary schools. The authors present what we know about bullying, describe development issues for adolescence and discuss the social context of the school. They analyze key features of healthy and unhealthy schools, and set out a whole school approach to bullying and other social problems that arise in the secondary school. The authors show that by empowering the bystanders through providing effective teacher support, much of the bullying can be stopped at an early age and a healthy and safe school can be created. Their suggestions are based on student-centred responses and on programmes developed specifically to deal with bullying. This book is written especially for secondary school teachers, administrators and students, and the families and caregivers of the students. It is also for those who train teachers, for counsellors and for educators at all levels.
Download or read book The Social Psychology of Prosocial Behavior written by John F. Dovidio and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by four leading researchers in the study of prosocial behavior, this book introduces a new perspective on prosocial behavior for the 21st century. Building on the bystander intervention work that has defined this area since the 1960s, The Social Psychology of Prosocial Behavior examines prosocial behavior from a multilevel perspective that explores the diverse influences that promote actions for the benefit of others and the myriad ways that prosocial actions can be manifested. The authors expand the breadth of the field, incorporating analyses of biological and genetic factors that predispose individuals to be concerned for the well being of others, as well as planned helping such as volunteering and organizational citizenship behavior and cooperative behavior within and between groups. They identify both the common and the unique processes that underlie the broad spectrum of prosocial behavior. Each chapter begins with a question about prosocial behavior and ends with a summary that answers the question. The final chapter summarizes the questions and the answers that research provides. Conceptual models that elaborate on and extend the multilevel approach to prosocial behavior are used to tie these findings together. The book concludes with suggestions for future research. The Social Psychology of Prosocial Behavior addressesthe following: *the evolution of altruistic tendencies and other biological explanations of why humans are predisposed to be prosocial; *how the situation and motives that are elicited by these situations affect when and how people help; *the causes and maintenance of long-term helping, such as volunteering; *how prosocial behavior changes over time and the developmental processes responsible for these changes; *the consequences of helping for both the people who provide it and those who receive it; *helping and cooperation within and between groups and the implications of these actions. This accessible text is ideal for advanced courses on helping and altruism or prosocial behavior, taught in psychology, sociology, management, political science, and communication, or for anyone interested in learning more about prosocial behavior in general.
